V letech 2009 a 2011–2014 proběhl záchranný archeologický výzkum epigravettienské lokality Brno-Štýřice III, známé od roku 1972 jako Koněvova či Vídeňská. Vedle kamenné industrie byl při výzkumu nacházen i zvířecí osteologický materiál, který je postupně analyzován a publikován. Zvířecí kosti získané výzkumy v letech 2012–2014 jsou hlavním tématem předloženého článku. Byla provedena jejich druhová determinace a určen minimální počet jedinců (MNI), nicméně vysoká fragmentárnost kostí, způsobená částečně i jejich užíváním jako paliva, determinaci komplikovala. Součástí jsou také výsledky izotopových analýz C, N a Sr a analýza sezonality. Zjištěné druhové složení fauny s dominancí mamuta srstnatého naznačuje chladné glaciální klima, tento výsledek podporují i analýzy izotopů C a N. Plošná distribuce zvířecích kostí odpovídá hlavním koncentracím kamenné štípané industrie, několik tisíc přepálených drobných fragmentů kostí kumulovaných na malé ploše jasně dokládá paleolitické ohniště. Jednotlivé výsledky včetně radiokarbonového datování a rozboru kamenné štípané industrie kladou pozici lokality do samého závěru posledního glaciálního maxima. and The archaeological rescue excavations of the Epigravettian open-air site Brno-Štýřice III, known since 1972 as Koněvova Street or, later, Vídeňská Street, were conducted in 2009 and 2011–2014. Besides chipped stone industry, also animal osteological material was found and gradually analysed and evaluated. This paper deals with the summarisation of the osteological remains uncovered during the last excavations conducted in 2012–2014. The animal bones were determined under their taxa and minimum number of individuals. Nevertheless, a high percentage of small bone fragments (partially used as fuel) could not be determined in detail. The paper also includes the results of C, N and Sr isotope analyses and analysis of seasonality. The preserved fauna, in which Mammuthus primigenius predominates, corresponds to the cold glacial period as well as to the results of isotope analyses. The spatial distribution of faunal remains agrees to the chipped stone industry. The numerous burnt bones found in the limited area indicate the existence of a Palaeolithic hearth. The results of each analysis (faunal, archaeological) and 14C dating place the occupation of the site into the climatically unfavourable final part of the LGT period.
We report on the first field season at the Gravettian site Hošťálkovice II. Hošťálkovice II is an important site in the region of Ostrava situated at a strategic position above the confluence of Odra and Opava Rivers. Previous surface prospections and a small test pit excavated in 1995 found evidence for a Gravettian industry, as well as younger (Neolithic?) occupation. Two archaeological layers were detected in 1995 and the documented profile was 1.3–1.5 m thick. An excavation conducted in 2019 approx. 30 m away from the 1995 test pit showed significant differences in stratigraphy. The maximum thickness of the sediments does not exceed 30 cm. Both Palaeolithic (patinated) and post-Paleolithic (non-patinated) artefacts were situated throughout the profile. In this contribution, we present all previous knowledge about the site, discuss the stratigraphy and the possibility of several occupation events at the site during the Palaeolithic/post-Palaeolithic period.
On the basis of the refitting of chipped stone industry it has been possible to reconstruct and compare the reduction strategies of three prominent cultural complexes in Moravia during the Early Upper Palaeolithic. Thanks to such refitting, it is possible to describe the basic technological differences between the Bohunician, the Szeletian and the Aurignacian. and Na základě skládanek kamenné štípané industrie se podařilo zrekonstruovat a porovnat operační schéma tří význačných kulturních komplexů na Moravě na počátku mladého paleolitu. Díky těmto remontážím jsme schopni popsat základní technologické rozdíly mezi bohunicienem, szeletienem a aurignacienem.
A stray leaf–shaped point from Brno–Líšeň is interesting not only in that it comes from a Bohunicien context, but also in that, atypically, it is made of Stránská skála hornstone, and moreover has a retouched surface on both sides. A morphologically similar point comes from Jaroslav (Pardubice district) in East Bohemia – this too was a chance find which can be classed among those other stray finds of this type known from Bohemia, as previously described by J. Fridrich (1993). The authors, unlike J. Fridrich, are of the opinion that these points do not necessarily demonstrate the presence of the Altmühlien in Bohemia (Fridrich/i 1993, 181), but rather, on the basis of the descriptions of several Moravian finds (from Ořechov II, Jezeřany I, Vedrovice V) which show the marked typological, morphological, metric and raw material characteristics of the Szeletien leaf–shaped points, that the Bohemian finds may be evidence of isolated contacts with the Moravian milieu.