The present study was conducted to determine the effect of exogenous application of brassinolide (BR) on Leymus chinensis grown under shade, i.e., control (100% natural light), mild shade (70% natural light), and moderate shade (50% natural light). Shade substantially enhanced the plant growth, synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic efficiency, and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence attributes of L. chinensis as compared with control. The order of increase was mild shade > moderate shade > natural light except Chl content, where the order of increase was moderate shade > mild shade > natural light. Likewise, application of BR resulted in further exacerbation of plant height, plant fresh and dry mass, but less in case of Chl and carotenoids contents, gas-exchange characteristics, and Chl fluorescence attributes. The results conclude that shade significantly enhanced plant growth through alterations in physiological attributes of L. chinensis, while, application of BR may not further improve the plant growth under shade., A. J. Yang, S. A. Anjum, L. Wang, J. X. Song, X. F. Zong, J. Lv, A. Zohaib, I. Ali, R. Yan, Y. Zhang, Y. F. Dong, S. G. Wang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses were applied in order to identify genetic factors that are relevant to the expression of a β-isoform Rubisco activase gene in maize, namely ZmRCAβ, in this study. During two years, a maize recombinant inbred line population was measured for ZmRCAβ expression levels at the grain filling stage. Based on a genetic map containing 916 molecular markers, we detected five eQTLs, namely qRCA2.1 on chromosome 2, and qRCA4.1, qRCA4.2, qRCA4.3, and qRCA4.4 on chromosome 4. These eQTLs explained the phenotypic variation ranging from 6.14% to 7.50% with the logarithm of the odd values ranging from 3.11 to 4.96. Based on the position of the eQTLs and ZmRCAβ on the chromosome, qRCA4.2 was inferred as a cis-eQTL and the remaining as a trans-eQTL, suggesting that a combination of both cis- and trans-acting elements might control ZmRCAβ expression. qRCA4.2, qRCA4.3, and qRCA4.4 were repeatedly detected during two years., Q. Sun, Y. Zhang, B. Chen, B. Jia, Z. L. Zhang, M. Cui, X. Kan, H. B. Shi, D. X. Deng, Z. T. Yin., and Obsahuje bibliografii
C-type natriuretic peptides (CNP) play an inhibitory role in smooth muscle motility of the gastrointestinal tract, but the effect of CNP on delayed rectifier potassium currents is still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effect of CNP on delayed rectifier potassium currents and its mechanism by using conventional whole-cell patch- clamp technique in guinea-pig gastric myocytes isolated by collagenase. CNP significantly inhibited delayed rectifier potassium currents [IK (V)] in dose-dependent manner, and CNP inhibited the peak current elicited by depolarized step pulse to 86.1±1.6 % (n=7, P<0.05), 78.4±2.6 % (n=10, P< 0.01) and 67.7±2.3 % (n=14, P<0.01), at concentrations of 0.01 μmol/l, 0.1 μmol/l and 1 μmol/l, respectively, at +60 mV. When the cells were preincubated with 0.1 μmol/l LY83583, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, the 1 μmol/l CNP-induced inhibition of IK (V) was significantly impaired but when the cells were preincubated with 0.1 μmol/l zaprinast, a cGMP-sensitive phosphodiesterase inhibitor, the 0.01 μmol/l CNP-induced inhibition of IK (V) was significantly potentiated. 8-Br-cGMP, a membrane permeable cGMP analogue mimicked inhibitory effect of CNP on IK (V). CNP-induced inhibition of IK (V) was completely blocked by KT5823, an inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). The results suggest that CNP inhibites the delayed rectifier potassium currents via cGMP-PKG signal pathway in the gastric antral circular myocytes of the guinea-pig., H. Y. Xu, X. Huang, M. Yang, J.-B. Sun, L.-H. Piao, Y. Zhang, L. Gao, W.-X. Xu., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy