Manželství v současné době silně konkuruje nesezdané soužití, proto jsme se převážně z demografického a sociologického hlediska zabývali problematikou zmapování změn v manželském chování u respondentů starších 20 let. Pro obšírnější přehled postojů obyvatel ČR k manželství jsme zvolili následující oblasti: subjektivně vnímané funkce manželství, podmínky před sňatkem, motivaci k manželství, očekávání od manželství, komunikaci o potřebách a přáních a rozdělení rolí v manželském vztahu. Ke sběru dat byl použit dotazník vlastní konstrukce založený na důkladné rešerši převážně tuzemské literatury. Získaná data byla testována analýzou hlavních komponent, jednofaktorovou analýzou rozptylu a Tukeyovým testem. Byly zjišťovány signifikantní rozdíly u respondentů 20-39 let a 60 a více let, přičemž tyto intervaly vychází z rozdělení dospělosti od Marie Vágnerové.
Vzorek tvořilo celkem 199 respondentů, z toho 149 žen a 50 mužů. V manželství bylo 105 respondentů, svobodných 54, vdovec/vdova 10 respondentů, 12 bylo rozvedených a 18 respondentů mělo druha/družku. Výsledky analýz ukázaly statisticky významné rozdíly mezi respondenty 20-39 let a 60 a více let ve vnímaných funkcích manželství, v podmínkách před sňatkem, očekávání od manželství a rozdělení rolí v manželství. and Marriage is currently in a strong competition with cohabitation, that’s why we focused on demographic and sociological aspects of changes in marital behavior among respondents older than 20 years. To get more comprehensive overview of the attitudes of the Czech population to marriage, we chose the following areas: a subjectively percieved function of marriage, the conditions before marriage, the motivation for marriage, the expectations of marriage, the communication about the needs and wishes and distribution of roles in the marital relationship. Data were collected using a questionnaire of our own design based on a thorough research of mainly local literature. The obtained data were tested by the principal component analysis, one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test. We detected significant differences among respondents 20-39 years and respondents 60 and over, where these intervals are based on a division of adulthood by Marie Vágnerová.
The sample consisted of 199 respondents (149 women and 50 men). There were 105 respondents in marriage, 54 singles, 10 were widowed, 12 were divorced, and 18 respondents had a companion/mate. Results of the analyses showed statistically significant differences among respondents aged 20-39 years, and 60 or more years in perceived functions of marriage, the conditions before marriage, expectations of marriage and division of roles in marriage.
One of the most important factors contributing to the increasing diversity of family trajectories is the growing prevalence of unmarried cohabitation and extramarital births. Using data from the ‘Social and Economic Conditions of Motherhood’ survey (SEPM) from 2006, this paper explores the factors influencing the probability that an unmarried mother will marry after childbirth. The findings show that for one ‑third of unmarried mothers in the Czech Republic unmarried parenthood is the first phase in the family life ‑course leading to marriage rather than long term family arrangement. Unmarried mothers living in unmarried cohabitation, women with higher education, and women who have postponed marriage due to pregnancy have a higher probability of making the transition to marriage. The analysis does not confirm that the uncertainty of the relationship and a partner’s negative attitudes towards marriage at the time of childbirth have negative effects on the transition to marriage after childbirth., Jana Chaloupková., 3 tabulky, 2 grafy, Poznámky na str. 39 (2), Biografická poznámka o autorce článku na str. 39, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 30
This paper examines the variation in personal values and attitudes towards family and marriage in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Czech and Slovak societies have been characterized by an intensive transformation process since 1989. The political and economic transformation was followed by intensive demographic changes (some even talk about a second demographic transition) that was similar in both societies. Here it is assumed that values are independent variables that have an impact on behaviour, and it is argued that demographic changes have been brought about by changes in values and attitudes concerning the family, marriage and children. Therefore, this article examines if the trends in value observed between 1991 and 2008 were accompanied by similar demographic changes. Data from three waves of the European Value Study (EVS) are used together with official vital demographic statistics., Ladislav Rabušic, Beatrice Chromková Manea., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This study analyses the first partnerships of women and men in the Czech Republic and focuses on a comparison of family behaviour before and after the politically and socially important watershed of 1989. The authors investigate the type of first partnership (cohabitation versus marriage) and its timing. It can be assumed that significant changes in partnership behaviour exhibit a different pattern according to educational group, and moreover that differences in the timing and type of first partnership might also be expected from the point of view of gender. Given the increasing proportion of children born outside wedlock, attention is devoted to the impact of pregnancy and childbirth on partnership strategies. The data used in the paper are taken from the ‘Generations and Gender Survey’ carried out in the Czech Republic in 2008. The retrospective character of these data provides information on partnership careers in the context of other significant life events., Anna Šťastná, Jana Paloncyová., Rubrika: Stati, 1 tabulka, 1 schéma, 5 grafů, Poznámky na str. 29 (4), Biografické poznámky o autorkách článku na str. 15, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 16
Data on divorces are gathered by the Czech Statistical Office and thus widely accessible and well known, but much less information is available about the stability of unmarried cohabitations. This paper focuses on the differences between marriage and unmarried cohabitations in terms of their stability. The authors study the impact of various factors on the stability of marriages and unmarried cohabitations taking into account the different socio -demographic indicators. To explain this phenomenon they use various theoretical approaches emphasizing different factors of partnership instability (from socializing factors to premarital cohabitation, values, education and gender, to factors based on the theory of rational choice). The analysis identified factors that operate in the same manner within both marriages and unmarried cohabitations (e.g. children in the partnership, experience with the previous partnership break-ups) as well as factors that play a different role in the stability of marriages and unmarried cohabitations (e.g. education, duration of partnership, generation). The paper is based on quantitative data from the survey ‘Life-course 2010’, which included 4010 respondents. The authors used the event history approach in their analysis which enabled them to track the dependences of the variables in time., Marta Vohlídalová, Hana Maříková., 1 graf, 1 tabulka, Poznámky na str. 14-15 (14), Biografické poznámky o autorkách článku na str. 15, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Resumé o klíčová slova anglicky na str. 3