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15482. Clinical implications of the glucokinase impaired function – GCK MODY today
- Creator:
- Hulín, Jakub, Škopková, Martina, Valkovičová, Terézia, Mikulajová, Silvia, Rosoľanková, Monika, Papcun, Peter, Gašperíková, Daniela, and Staník, Juraj
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- GCK, MODY, diabetes, clinical diagnostic criteria, and pregnancy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Heterozygous inactivating mutations of the glucokinase (GCK) gene are causing GCK-MODY, one of the most common forms of the Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY). GCK-MODY is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia without apparent worsening with aging and low risk for chronic vascular complications. Despite the mild clinical course, GCK-MODY could be misdiagnosed as type 1 or type 2 diabetes. In the diagnostic process, the clinical suspicion is often based on the clinical diagnostic criteria for GCK-MODY and should be confirmed by DNA analysis. However, there are several issues in the clinical and also in genetic part that could complicate the diagnostic process. Most of the people with GCK-MODY do not require any pharmacotherapy. The exception are pregnant women with a fetus which did not inherit GCK mutation from the mother. Such a child has accelerated growth, and has increased risk for diabetic foetopathy. In this situation the mother should be treated with substitutional doses of insulin. Therefore, distinguishing GCK-MODY from gestational diabetes in pregnancy is very important. For this purpose, special clinical diagnostic criteria for clinical identification of GCK-MODY in pregnancy are used. This review updates information on GCK-MODY and discusses several currently not solved problems in the clinical diagnostic process, genetics, and treatment of this type of monogenic diabetes.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
15483. Clinical use of body surface potential mapping in cardiac arrhythmias
- Creator:
- Ambroggi, L. de and Santambrogio, C.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- cardiac arrhythmias, body surface potentials, and mapping
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Body surface potential maps have and certainly will have a very important role in the field of clinical arrhythmology, specifically for the localization of accessory pathways, for the detection of the origin of ventricular arrhythmias and for the identification of patients at risk of sudden death. In this particular setting, surface maps are certainly more useful than other more costly and sophisticated imaging techniques.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15484. Clinically meaningful blood pressure reductions with low intensity isometric handgrip exercise. A randomized trial
- Creator:
- Hess, N. C. L., Carlson, D. J., Inder, J. D., Jesulola, E., McFarlane, J. R., and Smart, N. A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, krevní tlak, hypertenze, blood pressure, hypertension, isometric exercise, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- There exists no examination of what is the minimum anti - hypertensive threshold intensity for isometric exercise training. Twenty two normotensive participants were randomly assigned to training intensities at either 5 % or 10 % of their maximal contraction. Twenty participants completed the study. Clinical meaningful, but not statistically significant, reductions in systolic blood pressure were observed in both 5 % and 10 % groups -4.04 mm Hg (95 % CI -8.67 to +0.59, p=0.08) and -5.62 mm Hg (95 % CI -11.5 to +0.29, p=0.06) respectively after 6 weeks training. No diastolic blood pressure reductions were observed in either 5 % -0.97 mm Hg (95 % CI -2.56 to +0.62, p=0.20) or 10 % MVC +1.8 mm Hg (95 % CI -1.29 to +4.89, p=0.22) groups respectively after training. In those unable to complete isometr ic exercise at the traditional 30 % intensity, our results suggest there is no difference between 5 and 10 % groups and based on the principle of regression to the mean, this could mean both interventions induce a similar placebo-effect., N. C. L. Hess, D. J. Carlson, J. D. Inder, E. Jesulola, J. R. McFarlane, N. A. Smart., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
15485. Clive Gamble: Archaeology. The Basics
- Creator:
- Wolf, Ondřej
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- 978-0-415-35974-0
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
15486. Cloaca maxima
- Creator:
- Loucká, Pavla
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15487. Clobazam exerts an anticonvulsant action in immature rats
- Creator:
- Šlamberová, R., Mareš, P., and Vorlíček, J.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- clobazam, epileptic afterdischarges, cortex, rat, and cntogeny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The anticonvulsant action of 1,5-benzodiazepine clobazam was studied in 12-, 18-, and 25-day-old rats. Cortical epileptic afterdischarges (ADs) elicited by rhythmic electrical stimulation of the sensorimotor cortical area were used as a model in animals with implanted electrodes. As far as the duration of ADs is concerned, clobazam in doses of 1 or 5 mg/kg i.p. blocked the progressive increase with repeated stimulations in all age groups and the higher dose significantly shortened ADs in 25-day-old rats. The intensity of movements accompanying stimulation was decreased only by the 5 mg/kg dose in 25-day-old animals, whereas clonic seizures were less intense after both doses in 12- and 25-day-old rat pups. Clobazam exerted an anticonvulsant action at all the developmental stages studied; the lower efficacy in 18-day-old rats (described also for clonazepam) remains to be analyzed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15488. Clonal differences in photosynthesis in Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.
- Creator:
- Nataraja, K. N. and Jacob, J.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- apparent quantum yield, carboxylation efficiency, CO2 compensation concentration, compensation irradiance, dark respiration, intercellular CO2 concentration, irradiance, quantum yield of CO2 fixation, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The objective of the present investigation was to examine the extent of variations in single leaf net photosynthetic rate (PN) and its relative dependence on stomatal conductance (gs) and the mesophyll capacity to fix carbon in 12 clones of the natural rubber plant. There were significant variations in PN measured at low and saturating photon flux density (PFD); the extent of variation was larger at low than at saturating PFD. The compensation irradiance (CI) and apparent quantum yield of CO2 assimilation (φc) calculated from the PN/PFD response curves showed significant variations among the clones. PN at low irradiance was positively correlated with φc. Thus a clone with large PN at low irradiance, high φc, and low CI may tolerate shade better and thus produce a high tree stand per hectare. A strong positive correlation existed between PN saturated with radiant energy (Psat) and carboxylation efficiency (CE) estimated from the response curves of PN on intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), but gs showed a poor correlation with Psat High CO2 compensation concentration (Γ) led to low CE in Hevea clones. A clone with large Psat, high CE, low gs, and low Γ is the one in which photosynthesis is more dependent on the mesophyll factors than stomata. Such a clone may produce relatively high biomass and maintain high water use efficiency. and K. N. Nataraja, J. Jacob.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15489. Clonal variability in photosynthetic and growth characteristics of Populus deltoides under saline irrigation
- Creator:
- Singh, M., Jain, M., and Pant, R. C.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- biomass, carotenoids, chlorophyll, CO2 assimilation, harvest index, NaCl, poplar, root, and shoot
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Fifty-d-old poplar (Populus deltoides L.) plants were irrigated with 50-200 mM NaCl. 100 and 200 mM NaCl significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, and harvest index (HI) in all tested poplar clones (Bahar, S7C15, and WSL22). Clone S7C15 was more tolerant to salinity than the other clones. and M. Singh, M. Jain, R. C. Pant.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
15490. Clonal variability in sequences of morph production during the transition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction in the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)
- Creator:
- Maurice, Damien, Rispe, Claude, Simon, Jean-Christophe, and Hullé, Maurice
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, hmyz, Aphididae, Rhopalosiphum padi, zeměpisné klony, variabilita, přezimování, reprodukční strategie, parthenogeneze, pohlavnost, diapauza, vliv světla, vliv tepla, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Winter climate determines the success of the two main reproductive strategies employed by aphids. Permanent parthenogens survive as parthenogenetic females in mild winters, but are regularly eliminated by low temperatures; while cyclical parthenogens, which switch to sexual reproduction by the end of summer, produce every year fertilised diapausing eggs resistant to frost. We have studied the variation in sexual morph production of several clones of the cereal aphid Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) showing both strategies. Twenty clones of this species differing by their geographic origin and their mode of reproduction were placed in two laboratory environments mimicking the changes of photoperiod and thermoperiod occurring naturally from the end of summer and during the autumn in oceanic and continental conditions. The analysis of clonal responses in both climatic conditions showed (i) a wide variation in investment of clones in sexual reproduction with, in particular, evidence for a mixed strategy employed by clones producing both sexuals without ceasing parthenogenetic reproduction, (ii) no geographic adaptation among clones belonging to cyclical parthenogenetic populations, (iii) an earlier production of sexuals in continental conditions and a higher production of males in oceanic conditions. Furthermore, we have compared the dates of first appearance of sexuals in our experiments with those occurring in the field based on a suction trap database and found that sexuals were caught in nature at least four weeks earlier than in the lab. These results underline the need for a better understanding of the influence of the whole array of environmental factors inducing the transition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction in aphids., Maurice Hullé, Damien Maurice, Claude Rispe, Jean-Christophe Simon, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public