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16002. Compatible mappings of type (β) and weak compatibility in fuzzy metric spaces
- Creator:
- Jain, Shobha, Jain, Shishir, and Jain, Lal Bahadur
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fuzzy metric space, common fixed points, t-norm, compatible maps of type (β), compatible maps of type (α), and weak compatible maps
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The object of this paper is to establish a unique common fixed point theorem for six self-mappings satisfying a generalized contractive condition through compatibility of type (β) and weak compatibility in a fuzzy metric space. It significantly generalizes the result of Singh and Jain [The Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics (2006)] and Sharma [Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2002)]. An example has been constructed in support of our main result. All the results presented in this paper are new.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16003. COMPENDIARIA DESCRIPTIO DE ... ACTU CORONATIONIS B. V. DEIPARAE ...
- Creator:
- Jan Norbert Fický and Jezuitská tiskárna (Praha, Česko)
- Publisher:
- Tiskárna jezuitská and Fický, Jan Norbert - sen., factor
- Format:
- print and [18] ff ; 4°
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- století 18., mariologie, slavnosti, and 094
- Language:
- Latin
- Description:
- BCBT14057
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16004. Compensation schemes for damage caused by healthcare and alternatives to court proceedings in the Czech Republic
- Creator:
- Tomáš Holčapek
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- odměňování, alternativní řešení sporů, compensation, alternative dispute resolution, medical malpractice, civil liability, 16, and 34
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The article introduces the basic principles of compensation for medical malpractice, mainly by means of a civil liability sytem, in the Czech Republic. It outlines the normative framework and illustrates its application in practice on selected case law of Czech courts. As the judicial system has both advantages and disadvantages, available alternatives to court proceedings are also discussed even if they tend to be uaed rather conservatively. Furthermore, the text presents changes to the law, including those already carried out by the relatively new Civil Code and some potential future developments, together with remarks about the overall legal context in which the system of compensation for harm from healthcare operates., Tomáš Holčapek, Petr Šustek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16005. Compensatory acclimated mechanisms of photoprotection in a Xa mutant of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
- Creator:
- Wang, Y. J., Xia, X. J. , Zhou, Y. H., and Yu, J. Q.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chlorophyll fluorescence, CO2, concentration, net photosynthetic rate, non-photochemical quenching, photoprotection, photosynthetic electron flux, quenching, reactive oxygen species, stomatal conductance, tomato, and xanthophyll cycle
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- To probe the role of xanthophylls in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and the compensatory acclimated photoprotection mechanisms, a tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Ailsa Craig) Xa mutant with deficit in lutein (L) and neoxanthin (N) contents was used. The Xa mutant showed lowered NPQ, an increased degree of de-epoxidation state [(A+Z)/(V+A+Z)], and decreases of photosystem 2 (PS2) antenna size. Although the Xa mutant had a CO2 assimilation rate similar to that of Ailsa Craig, it exhibited a much larger stomatal conductance (gs) than Ailsa Craig. Decreased electron flux in PS2 (J PS2) for the Xa mutant was associated with electron flux for photorespiratory carbon oxidation (Jo) and alternative electron flux in PS2 (Ja) while electron flux for photosynthetic carbon reduction (Jc) was not different from Ailsa Craig. Moreover, the Xa mutant also exhibited higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, higher contents of ascorbate and glutathione, and lower contents of reactive oxygen species. Hence some compensatory acclimated mechanisms of photoprotection operated properly in the lack of NPQ and xanthophylls. and Y. J. Wang ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
16006. Compensatory effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on photosynthetic gas exchange in carrots
- Creator:
- Thiagarajan, A., Lada, R., and Joy, P.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Daucus, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- We determined the interactive effects of irradiance, elevated CO2 concentration (EC), and temperature in carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus). Plants of the cv. Red Core Chantenay (RCC) were grown in a controlled environmental plant growth room and exposed to 3 levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (400, 800, 1 200 µmol m-2 s-1), 3 leaf chamber temperatures (15, 20, 30 °C), and 2 external CO2 concentrations (Ca), AC and EC (350 and 750 µmol mol-1, respectively). Rates of net photosynthesis (PN) and transpiration (E) and stomatal conductance (gs) were measured, along with water use efficiency (WUE) and ratio of internal and external CO2 concentrations (Ci/Ca). PN revealed an interactive effect between PAR and Ca. As PAR increased so did PN under both C a regimes. The gs showed no interactive effects between the three parameters but had singular effects of temperature and PAR. E was strongly influenced by the combination of PAR and temperature. WUE was interactively affected by all three parameters. Maximum WUE occurred at 15 °C and 1 200 µmol m-2 s-1 PAR under EC. The Ci /Ca was influenced independently by temperature and Ca. Hence photosynthetic responses are interactively affected by changes in irradiance, external CO2 concentration, and temperature. EC significantly compensates the inhibitory effects of high temperature and irradiance on PN and WUE. and A. Thiagarajan, R. Lada, P. Joy.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
16007. Compensatory growth and matter or energy deposition in Vimba vimba juveniles fed natural food or a formulated diet
- Creator:
- Myszkowski, Leszek, Kamiński, Rafał, and Kamler, Ewa
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- vimba, natural food, dry diet, starvation, growth compensation, and tissue chemical composition
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Vimba, Vimba vimba (L.) juveniles (initial weight 0.323 g) were fed continuously two contrasting diets, or starved for 7 days, then re-fed. No mortality was observed throughout the experiment. Starved fish lost body weight. During the re-alimentation period compensatory growth occurred on both diets. Full compensation of body wet weight was exhibited only with fish fed natural food. Initial increase of the variability of wet weight was arrested during starvation on both diets. Variability of weight in fish on natural food continued to increase during re-feeding, while on the dry diet the variability stabilised. This can be explained by differences in food particle size distribution between the diets. The observed high value of the condition coefficient is indicative of a combination of high lipids and low mineral content in the body. The fish fed contrasting diets used different strategies in resource allocation during the compensatory phase. Vimba vimba fed natural food promoted growth in length, allocating consumed food to structural tissues and increasing water intake. Fish receiving formulated diet first restored energy reserves, then continued to create new structural mass.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
16008. Compensatory growth and photosynthetic responses of Pharbitis purpurea seedlings to clipped cotyledon and second leaf
- Creator:
- Zheng, W., Yang, J. Y., Luan, Z. H., Wang, P., Zhang, H. X., and Zhou, D. W.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, clipping, compensatory growth, photosynthesis, primary leaf, remnant cotyledon, and seedling
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Leaf tissue damaging to seedlings can limit their subsequent growth, and the effects may be more extensive. Compensatory photosynthesis responses of the remnant cotyledon and primary leaf of Pharbitis purpurea to clipping and the effect of clipping on seedling growth were evaluated in a pot-cultivated experiment. Three treatments were conducted in the experiment, which were clipped cotyledon (CC), clipped second leaf (CL), and control group (CG). The area, thickness, mass, and longevity of the remaining cotyledon of CC exhibited over-compensatory growth. In contrast, seedlings of CC had under-compensatory growth in seedling height, root length, seedling mass, and root to shoot ratio. However, the traits of remnant cotyledon and seedling in CL treatment exhibited equal-compensatory growth. Net photosynthetic rate of the cotyledon of CC was significantly higher than those of CL and CG treatments, and the diurnal changes in photosynthetic rates showed significantly different patterns which were unimodal curve (CC) and bimodal curve (CL and CG), respectively. There was no significant difference between CL and CG treatment. Net photosynthetic rate of the primary leaf of CL was significantly higher than that of CG treatment. However, the photosynthetic rates of primary leaves of CL and CG treatments showed similar photosynthetic patterns characterized by a bimodal curve. P. purpurea seedlings used a compensatory growth strategy in the remaining cotyledon or the primary leaf to resist leaf loss and minimize any adverse effects. and W. Zheng ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
16009. Compensatory recovery of vagal control of hemodynamics after unilateral vagotomy
- Creator:
- Chen, L. N., Zang, Wei-Jin, Yu, X. J., Liu, J., Li, D. L., Kong, S. S., Lu, J., and Xu, X. L.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, hemodynamika, srdce, physiology, hemodynamics, heart, vagotomie, vagotomy, muscarinic receptor, cholinesterase-positive nerves, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study investigated whether each part of the heart is evenly innervated by the left or right vagus and observed the mechanism of compensatory recovery after unilateral cervical vagotomy. HR, BP, LVSP and ±dp/dt max all decreased one week after left vagotomy, whereas only BP and -dp/dt max decreased one week after right vagotomy. We stern blot analyses revealed that the expression of M2 receptors in the left atrium and left ventricle was upregulated after subacute (1 week) left/right vagotomy. However, significantly more cholinesterase-positive nerves in LV and RV were seen one week after unilateral vagotomy compared to the sham-operated group. In addition, baroreflex sensitivity was increased after subacute right vagotomy. The decreasing effects of ACh (0.5 μ g/kg) on LVSP and ±dp/dt max (but not on HR and BP) were facilitated by subacute unilateral vagotomy. Our present experiments indicate that 1) the working myocardium is innervated bilaterally by the vagus, 2) ventricular contractility is influenced more by denervation of the left than the right vagus and 3) up-regulation of M2 muscarinic receptors in the left heart, increase of cholinergic nerves, and high baroreflex sensitivity could be involved in the mechanism of compensatory hemodynamic recovery via contralateral vagus overactivity, thereby amplifying contralateral vagal activity and decreasing cardiac contractility., L. N. Chen, W. J. Zang, X. J. Yu, J. Liu, D. L. Li, S. S. Kong, J. Lu, X. L. Xu., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
16010. Competing factor models of cognition of healthy older adults: support for SuperAgers identification
- Creator:
- Heissler, Radek, Georgi, Hana, Kožený, Jiří, and Kopeček, Miloslav
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- cognition, older adults, superagers, CFA, neuropsychological battery, kognice, senioři, superager, and neuropsychologická baterie
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Objectives. Neuropsychological tests employ several cognitive functions to a different extent. Thus, factor structures of various neuropsychological batteries and their analyses show both similarities and discrepancies. The study explores the Czech comprehensive neuropsychological battery for SuperAgers (older people with excellent cognition) from the cross-sectional and longitudinal point of view in respect to its factor structure and its stability over time. Sample and settings. The study sample consisted of 361 healthy older adults (age 60–94) assessed in years 2012 and 2015 with cognitive tests battery. Statistical analyses. Data were analyzed with confirmatory factor and invariance analyses over time using multiple competing theory-driven models of cognition based on previous studies consisting of 1–5 factors. Results. The results show that the best fitting model consists of four factors: verbal memory, attention/working memory, executive functions, and language. The results also suggest that the four factorial structure of cognition in healthy older people was the most stable. This reflects their cognitive functioning and highlights the need to identify the SuperAgers on the basis of performance in multiple cognitive domains. The authors propose that these four domains should be taken into account for identifying SuperAgers and that comparing competing models should be a standard procedure in future studies.Limitations. The visuospatial or nonverbal memory factors were not represented in our study with relevant tests. Our sample consisted of healthy older adults. and Cíle. Neuropsychologické testy sledují v různé míře řadu kognitivních funkcí. Faktorové struktury různých neuropsychologických baterií a jejich analýzy tak vykazují jak podobnosti, tak 49Metodické studie/rozdíly. Studie zkoumá českou komplexní neuropsychologickou baterii pro SuperAgery (starší osoby s vynikajícími kognitivními schopnostmi) z průřezového a longitudinálního hlediska s ohledem na její faktorovou strukturu a její stabilitu v čase. Soubor. Soubor tvořilo 361 zdravých starších osob (ve věku 60–94 let), které byly v letech 2012 a 2015 hodnoceny pomocí baterie kognitivních testů. Statistické analýzy. Data byla analyzována konfirmační faktorovou analýzou a analýzou invariance v čase s využitím několika konkurenčních modelů kognice založených na teoriích vycházejících z předchozích studií a sestávajících z 1-5 faktorů. Výsledky. Výsledky ukazují, že nejlepší model se skládá ze čtyř faktorů: verbální paměť, pozornost/pracovní paměť, exekutivní funkce a jazyk. Tento model kognice byl také nejstabilnější. Model odráží kognitivní funkce zdravých seniorů a zdůrazňuje potřebu identifikovat SuperAgery na základě výkonu ve více kognitivních oblastech. Autoři navrhují, aby tyto čtyři domény byly brány v úvahu při identifikaci SuperAgerů a aby porovnávání konkurenčních modelů bylo standardním postupem v budoucích studiích. Omezení. Ve studii nebyly zastoupeny faktory vizuálně-prostorové funkce nebo neverbální paměti s příslušnými testy. Vzorek tvořili zdraví starší dospělí.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public