A detection dog and handler team were used to recover scats in areas newly colonized by wolves outside the Alpine mountains of France between October 2018 and May 2019. Survey areas were classified as occupied by a resident wolf pack (WP) or dispersers (no-WP). The efficiency of monitoring by a targeted dog-handler team was compared to opportunistic monitoring by trained observers. Use of the detection dog allowed up to 99.6% time savings relative to monitoring by trained observers. Wolf scats found by the dog represented 82.1% of genetically confirmed samples in the 12 sample units (each being 10 × 10 km) monitored by both trained observers and the dog-handler team. Occupancy modelling was used to estimate wolf detection probabilities. Ten kilometres of survey with the dog were required to reach a 98% detection probability in WP territories and 20 km to reach 96% in no-WP areas. By contrast, two years of opportunistic monitoring by trained observers were required to obtain a 90% and 76% probability of detecting wolves in WP and no-WP areas, respectively. The use of the detection dog via dog-team surveys greatly increased the collection of viable samples for genetic analysis and individual genotype identification. Our study offers further confirmation that dog-handler teams can be very effective at locating scats from target carnivores, to supplement or complement human search efforts.
A calculation of pararmeters, method of manufacturing procedure and results of testing are described for the Wolter 1 X-ray mirror system. It consists of 2 nested pairs of mirrors: the outer pair has input diameter 24 cm and nickel coating, the inner pair - 13 cm and gold coating. The focal distance is 41,9 cm, the length of each paraboloid and hyperboloid - 24 cm. Geometrical parameters of the mirrors were chosen to obtain maximum effective area under the limits for overall dimensions.The mirrors were manufactured in the Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
jointly with some other Czechoslovak institutes. The mirrors were made as galvanic replicas with metallic reflecting surface and plastic base. The system was intended for use in the X-ray telescope RT-4M, developed in the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R.
Blaženka Despot (1930–2001) was a Yugoslav philosopher who applied a critical reading of Marxism to the philosophy of technology and, after the mid-1970s, proposed a form of Marxist feminism that took into account the context of Yugoslav self-managing socialism. In the short text “Women and Self-Management,” Despot summarises the ideas she developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, especially her Marxist-feminist critiques of socialist women’s emancipation in Yugoslavia. She calls for re-focusing on women and revisiting Marx’s concept of nature through a reading of Hegel. While doing so, she raises the issue of violence against women as a key matter of women’s equality. Zsófi a Lóránd, in her introduction, discusses the text in light of Despot’s broader oeuvre and in light of the history of feminism in Yugoslavia.