Selected mechanical properties of unidirectional composites with polysiloxane-derived matrix and continuous basalt fibres reinforcement are presented. A special attention is devoted to the impact of long term exposition in hot air (aimed as a simulation of the anticipated operating conditions) to the composite failure under flexural load. The investigated composites worsened their properties after treatment in air at elevated temperature (650 - 750 °C). The originally non-catastrophic flexural failure changed to a brittle fracture, which was accompanied with a flexural strength decrease. The coalescence of fibres and their strong interaction with the matrix are probably the main reasons for the onset of brittleness. Unless these drawbacks are resolved the service temperature of the composites in air will probably not exceed approximately 500 °C., Petr Glogar, Martin Černý and Zdeněk Tolde., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The region of Central Europe, Adriatic region and Balkan Peninsula were subjects of geo-kine matical monitoring in several projects performed since 1992. Independent GPS epoch-wise observing campaigns took place in several regions and the whole territory is now covered by tens of permanent stations. The long-term observational series from permanent stations generally yield reliable site velocities, however distribution of such stations is not dense enough to provide velocity field with sufficient resolution all over the monitored region. On the other si de the epoch-wise campaigns sites are much denser than the permanent ones, however the repeated epoch observations are not very frequent and their referencing is not unique. In the paper we shortly describe velo city fields available from various national and regional GPS geo-kinematics projects and an attempt to homogenize the heterogeneous velocity fields is presented. The intraplate GPS velocities in Central and South-East Europe and their reliability are discussed, mainly focusing on Adria and East Balkan region where the geo-kinematics is mostly variable and complicated., Ján Hefty., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
In the contribution the results of repeated precise levelling and GPS measurements at the central part of the Diendorf-Čebín tectonic zone (DCTZ) are presented. This morphologically very expressive tectonic system that belongs to a typical type of transcurrent tectonic system, with activity from Protherozoic up to recent period in separate parts is considered to be a seismoactive fault, too. Preliminary results at two measured profiles across central part of eastern marginal fault of the Boskovice Furrow confirmed expected vertical movement tendencies. It is evident that all tectonic system is seismoactive not only in the Lower Austria district but also in its northern continuation., Lubomil Pospíšil, Otakar Švábenský, Josef Weigel and Michal Witiska., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rock block forms of the Szczeliniec Wielki (919 m a.s.l.) in the border area of the Stolowe Mountains massif originated due to various exogenous and endogenous pro cesses. The processes had started in the Upper Cretaceous, culminated in Late Tertiary, and continue till the present day with much lower intensity. Such processes were indica ted by historical earthquakes and different tectonic events in the Sudeten Mountains and adjacent areas. Results of geodetic geodynamic studies are presented. Several sectors of the Sudeten Mountains which include the Table Hills - Stolowe Mountains, show horizontal and vertical movements. Results of periodic precise levelling in three geodetic micro-networks established on the Szczeliniec Wielki: "Przy Schronisku", "Piekielko" and "Tarasy Poludniowe / Schody" are presented. Investigations have been augmented wit h TM-71 crack gauging in rock blocks. These studies started in 1972 increasing gradually effectiveness of monitoring. Levelling changes, as well as displaceme nts resulting from 3D monthly records of three TM-71 crack gauges have been confronted with recent investigations into tectonic micro-deformations along the Sudeten Fault in the Bohemian Massif. It is suggested that aseismic geotectonic processes participated in the deformations found in investigated networks., Stefan Cacoń, Blahoslav Košťák and Krzysztof Mąkolski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Latest studies of recent geodynamic movements going on major geological structures of the Sněžník metamorphic unit are closely related to geodetic satellite measurements, especially to permanent and ep och GNSS satellite methods. For this reason the Institute of Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology (IG FCE-BUT) continues measurements in Local Geodynamic Sněžník Network (LGSN) which was established in 1992 in Czech-Polish cooperation for the purpose of lithosphere movement monitoring. A special attention was devoted to detection of possible displacements of the local blocks of Králický Sněžník Massif. The results confirm the significant horizontal and vertical movements within relatively small territory. All these and other detected contemporary geodynamic phenomena are presented and discussed., Otakar Švábenský, Josef Weigel and Lubomil Pospíšil., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Long-term geotechnical monitoring of crack and fissure movements in slope deformations, historical buildings, as well as underground objects in Slovakia, provided results that bear evidence of movement trends, as well as of present tectonic unrest. The results were subject to an analysis regarding anomalies in movements that would verify activity of a specific geodynamic process. Such a process was detected recently in the Bohemian Massif and evidenced even in other European countries, north as well as south of the Alps. The process began by a tectonic pressure pulse and followed by a phase of increased geotectonic activity. The search for signs identifying this process on the Slovak territory which belongs to a different geological unit than the Bohemian Massif was successful. This is further evidence that the process in question is of a very deep foundation. The investigations proved successful long-term outdoor operation of TM71 crack gauges working on the principal of mechanical interference between optical grids. A thirty year long record was even reached. A useful function of the gauge which allows for supplementary data about angular deviations in faults has been found useful in the analysis. The data indicate affinity of the process to a large global disturbance in the Earth crust., Ľubomír Petro, Blahoslav Košťák, Josef Stemberk and Ján Vlčko., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Metamorphic phenomena formed geological and tectonical structure of the Śnieżnik Kłodzki Massif, Kłodzko Valley, SW Poland. In 1992 twenty seven points of local geodynamical network were founded for determination the Śnieżnik Massif crust activity. Points of this network were located in Czech and Polish sides of the Massif. Researches were provided by repeated periodic satellite GPS measurements, total station, gravimetric, clinometric and crack gauges observations and precise levelling technique. Śnieżnik Massif is crossed by the section of tectonic faults zone in direction NW-SE. Several transverse faults are located near the major tectonic zone. Long term research material (data) allows to interpretation and evaluation of the object surface deformation., Olgierd Jamroz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Geodetic geodynamic studies were conducted in the Wrocław Plain, situated in the SE part of the Central European Subsidence Zone (CESZ). The boundaries of this plain coincide with the outline of the rhomboidal Cainozoic Wrocław Basin. This area has been chosen for detailed examination taking into account the results of previous geodynamic research, pointing to constant subsidence of the Wrocław region. Analysis of drainage network and changeable thicknesses of the Neogene an d Quaternary strata also indicates weak, although stable subsidence of the central part of the Silesian Lowland and relative, small-scale uplift of the Fore-Sudetic region situated in thes outh and an area placed north of the Odra River valley. The studies consisted in measuring elevation changes of benchmarks along lines of precise levelling during 1956-1999 period, establishing a GPS network points, as well as measuring and processing of GPS data acquired during 2008-2010 time span. Displacements of benchmarks of precise levelling lines point to block-type mobility of structures located in the SE part of the CESZ, while GPS measurements indicate deformations related to bending of the Cainozoic sedimentary cover underlain by metamorphic bedrock and Permo-Mesozoic strata. Three years of observations enable us to distinguish two zones typified by compressive deformations being coincident with subsiding areas. One of these zones strikes NW-SE and marks the CESZ axis, the second one, oriented NNW-SSE, fo llows the orientation of a deeply buried Carboniferous-Permian tectonic graben (the Eastern Fore-Sudetic Basin) and a much shallower trough filled with Cretaceous strata in the Opole region. Uplift typifies the Fore-Sudetic Block as well as areas situated close to Opole town and north of the Odra River valley., Piotr Grzempowski, Janusz Badura, Stefan Cacoń, Jan Kapłon, Witold Rohm and Bogusław Przybylski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Geological structure, including main faults and faults zones, of the Góry Stołowe National Park originated in Neogene. Displacements on faults in the Poříčí-Hronov and the Czerwona Woda fault zones have been revealed at present times. A network of 11 research points was established to register this process and phenomena associated with it. The first measurement, consisting of GPS and gravimetric observations, was performed in 2008. It has been complemented with relative measurements of the faults in selected places where crack-gauges have been installed. Accuracies of the first GPS measurements indicate ability to detect horizontal movements with accuracy of several millimetres., Stefan Cacoń, Jurand Wojewoda and Jan Kapłon., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In the contribution geological structure and geophysical data along the northern part of the Diendorf-Čebín tectonic zone (DCTZ) is analyzed in relation to the position of the measured GPS test areas and precise levelling profiles. For this purposes the former geophysical data have been reambulated and analyzed, too. Revision of geological knowledge and sources has been done in places of the proposed polygons. The results of reinterpretation of the Grav/Mag data and selected seismic reflection profiles suggest new possibilities and variety of structural interpretations of this tectonic zone. It is evident that the whole tectonic system has undergone complicated tectonic development during the Paleogene and Neogene. Therefore the recent mapping and analyses by GPS and precise levelling have to be realized in places where the geological structural ambiguity has to be eliminated., Lubomil Pospíšil, Otakar Švábenský, Josef Weigel and Michal Witiska., and Obsahuje bibliografii