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2184. Aplikovaná reologie pro polymery

Creator:
Martin Zatloukal
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, věda a společnost, reologie, disertace, polymery, science and society, rheology, dissertations, polymers, obhajoba disertace, téma disertace, 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
Pracovník Fakulty technologické Univerzity Tomáše Bati ve Zlíně prof. Ing. Martin Zatloukal, Ph.D., DSc., obhájil disertaci Aplikovaná reologie pro polymery: Od charakterizace k modelování a tokovým nestabilitám a získal vědecký titul „doktor chemických věd“. Prof. Zatloukal přispěl k rozvoji aplikované reologie polymerních tavenin, navrhl a aplikoval inovativní experimentální metodiky umožňující pochopení vlivu tahového toku a tlaku na tokové chování polymerních tavenin, vyvinul nové konstituční rovnice pro polymerní taveniny, které poskytují možnost rozlišit topologii polymerů, a vytvořil nový přístup pro modelování nestabilit volného povrchu polymerních tavenin v oblasti silně nelineární viskoelasticity. and Martin Zatloukal.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

2185. Apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorhism: distribution and influence on lipid parameters in Tunisian population

Creator:
Kallel, A., Feki, M., Elasmi, M., Souissi, M., Sanhaji, H., Omar, S., Haj Taieb, S., Jemaa, R., and Kaabachi, N.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, lipidy, polymorfismus, biochemistry, lipids, polymorphism, Tunisko, Tunisia, apolipoprotein, signální peptid, apo B gene, signal peptide, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is the major protein component of LDL, VLDL and chylomicrons. Numerous polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene have been described. Particularly, the insertion/deletion polymorphism located in the coding part of the signal peptide of apo B, associated with modification of lipid concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular disease, has been reported in the general population. No such study in the Tunisian population has been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the apolipoprotein B gene on lipid levels in a sample of the Tunisian population. A total of 458 unrelated subjects (321 men and 137 women) were included. The insertion/deletion polymorphism was determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels after PCR amplification. The relative frequencies of the Ins and Del alleles were 0.74 and 0.26, respectively. These frequencies were similar to those found in other Caucasian populations. There was no significant difference in serum TC, TG, and HDL-C levels due to the influence of the genotypes. However, significant variation among the three genotypes was seen for LDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and apo B (p<0.001) levels. Individuals homozygous for the Del allele had higher levels than individuals homozygous for the Ins allele, while individuals heterozygous for both alleles exhibited intermediate levels. When the data were analyzed in men and women separately, a similar effect was seen in both groups. Our results show that distribution of apo B insertion/deletion polymorphism in Tunisians is similar to other Caucasian population and confirm the reported association with serum LDL-cholesterol and apo B concentrations., A. Kallel, M. Fekl, M. Elasmi, M. Souissi, H. Shanhaji, S. Omar, S. Haj Taieb, R. Jemaa, N. Kaabachi., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2186. Apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein CI polymorphisms in the Czech population: almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the less frequent alleles of both polymorphism

Creator:
Hubáček, J. A., Jan Piťha, Věra Adámková, Zdenka Škodová, Věra Lánská, and Rudolf Poledne
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, cholesterol, Češi, Czechs, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein CI, genetic polymorphism, Czech population, Triglycerides, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Apolipoproteins E and CI are the predominant components of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The genes are located in one gene cluster and both are polymorphic. Three allelic (ε2, ε3 and ε4) polymorphisms of the APOE gene influence plasma cholesterol levels. The distribution of these alleles differ between ethnic groups. PCR genotyping was used to determine the APOE and APOCI allele incidence in a representative group of 653 probands (302 men and 351 women) of Czech origin. The observed relative frequencies for the ε2, ε3 and ε4 alleles were 7.1 %, 82.0 % and 10.9 %, respectively, and are similar to other middle European populations. APO ε4 carriers have the highest and APO ε2 carriers the lowest levels of plasma total cholesterol (p<0.0001) and LDL cholesterol (p<0.0001). The frequency of the insertion (I) allele (HpaI restriction site present) of the APOCI polymorphism was 18.5 %. APOCI I/I homozygotes have the highest level of triglycerides (p<0.003). An almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the insertion allele of APOCI with the APOE alleles ε2 and ε4 has been detected and suggests that the deletion in the APOCI gene probably follows the deriving of all three APOE alleles on the APO ε3 allele background., J. A. Hubáček, J. Piťha, V. Adámková, Z. Škodová, V. Lánská, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2187. Apolipoprotein E/intrauterine underenutrition interaction and hypercholesterolemia in children

Creator:
Peter Szitányi, Helena Pistulková, Jaroslav Hubáček, Hana Dvořáková, and Rudolf Poledne
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Experimentální medicína, kardiologie, pediatrie, hypercholesterolémie, cardiology, pediatrics, hypercholesterolemia, low birth weight, apolipoprotein E, 14, and 616-092
Language:
English
Description:
The inconsistency of data regarding intrauterine programming of cardiovascular risk factors may be largely caused by genetic predisposition and later lifestyle. We analyzed whether low birth weight and apolipoprotein E (Apo E) polymorphism participate in the onset of hypercholesterolemia in children. Our approach was based on hypothesis that genetically enhanced susceptibility of different individuals might influence the effects of intrauterine programming. Two groups were selected from 2000 children at the beginning of an ongoing study: high-cholesterol group (HCG, n=67) and low-cholesterol group as a control (LCG, n=72). Both groups were divided into tertilles according to birth weight and we compared birth weight and apo E gene polymorphism between and within groups. The birth weight in HCG was 0.3 kg lower than the controls (p<0. 001). The frequency of apoE4 was 31 % in HCG and only 10 % in LCG. The frequency of apoE4+ genotypes was not significantly different between tertilles based on birth weight in HCG. We suppose that intrauterine undernutrition, demonstrated by a lower birth weight, participates in the development of hypercholesterolemia already in childhood. The effects of low birth weight and the candidate gene - apoE, are synergic., P. Szitányi, H. Pistulková, J. A. Hubáček, H. Stuchlíková, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2188. Apollo 50

Creator:
Dušek, Jiří
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
vlastnosti půdy, Měsíc, kosmický výzkum, soil properties, Moon, space research, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
Vysněného cíle nakonec dosáhlo šest výprav. Dvě posádky testovaly mateřskou loď i lunární modul na oběžné dráze Země, jiné dvě na oběžné dráze Měsíce. Apollo 13 zažilo nejúspěšnější neúspěch. Dvanáct lidí - výpravy Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 a 17 - na povrchu Měsíce chodilo, skákalo, padalo, jezdilo i tak trochu bouralo. Zpět na Zemi přivezli kosmonauti na čtyři sta kilogramů hornin. Jimi prováděné experimenty, z nichž jeden stále běží, si vzaly na paškál studium mechanických vlastností půdy, měsícotřesení, vlastností slunečního větru... Jedinou vadou na kráse je, že se tak stalo už před padesáti roky. and Jiří Dušek.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2189. Apollo známé, neznámé: před padesáti lety vstoupil člověk na Měsíc

Creator:
Přibyl, Tomáš
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Měsíc, kosmonautika, Moon, astronautics, Spojené státy americké, United States, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
První družice světa, první živý tvor ve vesmíru, první sondy k Měsíci, první člověk na oběžné dráze... Sovětský svaz sbíral v počátcích kosmické éry lidstva prvenství jako na běžícím pásu. Spojené státy nástup věku kosmických letů podcenily a najednou nemohly chytit dech. and Tomáš Přibyl.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

2190. Apoptotic DNA alterations in pig leukocytes after phagocytosis of bacteria are linked to maturation of the immune system

Creator:
Eva Matalová, Alena Španová, and František Kovářů
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, apoptóza, fagocytóza, apoptosis, phagocytosis, ontogenesis, pig leukocytes, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The effect of phagocytosis of living bacteria on apoptotic DNA changes was examined in pig leukocytes in relation to immune system maturation. Blood samples of pigs (aged 6, 12 and 18 weeks) were cultivated with a suspension of bacterial cells Salmonella typhimurium LB 5000 at 37 °C. In the experimental groups, killed bacteria and microspheric particles were used to detect the influence of the phagocytic process. Phagocytic activity and index were determined in each sample by means of microspheric particles. The ability to kill engulfed microbes (bactericidal capacity) was estimated from the decrease in bacterial colony-forming units (CFU). Samples of cultured cells were taken for DNA analysis at given intervals. DNA ladder assay was used for qualitative apoptotic DNA break detection and the TUNEL AP test was employed for quantification of apoptosis. In 18-week-old animals, spontaneous DNA degradation was observed in the control group without phagocytosis after 8 h. In contrast, cells cultivated with microspheric particles or killed bacteria became apoptotic after 4 h. The rate of apoptotic DNA degradation was decreased in the group exposed to living bacteria. This prolonged survival of phagocytes was also detected in 12-week-old animals, but not at 6 weeks of age. These findings were supported by the ability of phagocytes in 6-week-old animals to engulf microbes, but their killing (bactericidal) ability was significantly decreased in comparison with other stages of immune system maturation. These results suggest that the process of phagocytosis itself is accompanied by activation of the apoptotic program in phagocytic cells of the pig immune system, but the presence of phagocyted living bacteria can delay this activation. The prolonged survival of short-lived cells was only observed in later phases of immune system maturation., E. Matalová, A. Španová, F. Kovářů., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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