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2. 14-3-3 proteins: a family of versatile molecular regulators

Creator:
Veronika Obšilová, Jan Šilhán, Evžen Bouřa, Jan Teisinger, and Tomáš Obšil
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, neurovědy, biochemie, neurosciences, biochemistry, conformation, 14-3-3 protein, forkhead transcription factor FOXO4, tyrosine hydroxylase, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The 14-3-3 proteins are a family of acidicr egulatory molecules found in all eukaryotes. 14-3-3 proteins function as molecular scaffolds by modulating the conformation of their binding partners. Through the functional modulation of a wide range of binding partners, 14-3-3 proteins are involved in many processes including cell cycle regulation, metabolism control, apoptosis, and control of gene transcription. This minireview includes a short overview of 14-3-3 proteins and then focuses on their role in the regulation of two important binding partners: FOXO forkhead transcription factors and an enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase., V. Obšilová, J. Šilhan, E. Bouřa, J. Teisinger, T. Obšil., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4. Actigenetic of ACE gene polymorphism in Czech obese sedentary females

Creator:
Pavel Suchánek, Jaroslav Hubáček, Ivana K. Lesná, Pinekerová, V., and Věra Adámková
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, angiotenzin konvertující enzym, biochemistry, angiotensin converting enzyme, fyzická aktivita, index tělesné hmotnosti, inzerce/delece polymorfismu, physical activity, body mass index, insertion/deletion polymorphism, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
Obesity is a serious health problem worldwide and many genes have been implicated in determination of obesity, but our knowledge of the genes responsible for individual differences in weight loss after physical intervention are poor. One of the candidate genes is a gene for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) ant its insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism. We have analyzed the association between the ACE gene variant in intervened obese females. Twenty four unrelated healthy obese (BMI > 29.9 kg/m2, with abdominal type of obesity) premenopausal (age between 25 and 45 years) Czech Caucasian sedentary and non-diabetic females, pre-selected according the ACE I/D polymorphism (twelve II and twelve DD homozygotes) were studied in a medical research centre. They underwent 9 weeks intervention program (combination of the lowering of dietary intake to optimal level for the age and 3 times a week physical activity at fitness centre). The participants were supervised to sustain a heart rate of 65 % of maximum. Anthropometrical, biochemical parameters and body composition (Bodystat 1500) were analyzed before and after the intervention. Our study suggest, that in Czech Caucasian females I/D polymorphism within the ACE gene will have no major effect on weight loss. Interestingly, we have detected, that in obese females II genotype was associated with higher increase in basal metabolic rate (202 kcal per day) then in DD homozygotes (p<0.05), thus at least under some circumstances, this genetic variant may have an slight effect on BMI development., P. Suchánek ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5. Activity of paraoxonase 1 and lipid profile in healthy children

Creator:
Katarína Sumegová, Nagyová, Z., Waczulíková, I., Žitňanová, I., and Zdeňka Ďuračková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, lipoproteiny, ateroskleróza, biochemistry, lipoproteins, atherosclerosis, vysokodenzitní lipoprotein, lipidové peroxidy, paraoxonáza 1, HDL (high-density lipoprotein), lipid peroxides, paraoxonase 1, TEAC (trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity), 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) seems to have a relevant role in detoxifying processes and in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine PON1 activity, the total antioxidant capacity, as well as entire lipid profile in children for screening of possible risk of atherosclerosis development. Serum PON1 arylesterase/paraoxonase activities were determined spectrophotometrically. The total antioxidant capacity of the serum was measured by TEAC method. Parameters of lipid profile were analyzed by routine laboratory methods. It has been shown that PON1 arylesterase/ paraoxonase activities were very similar to values found in adults. In children, no significant correlation between PON1 arylesterase activity and HDL was observed. PON1 paraoxonase activity correlated only with atherogenic index. PON1 arylesterase activity was significantly higher in girls than in boys. The antioxidant capacity was inversely related to the body mass index. In this study, PON1 activity was determined in healthy children aged 11 to 12 years and we found a similarity in PON1 activities of children and adults. Moreover, the results of our study support the hypothesis that higher body weight of children may contribute to a greater risk for development of atherosclerosis in which oxidative stress plays a role., K. Sumegová, Z. Nagyová, I. Waczulíková, I. Žitňanová, Z. Ďuračková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

7. An evidence for regulatory cross-talk between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and glucocorticoid receptor in HepG2 cells

Creator:
Zdeněk Dvořák, Radim Vrzal, Petr Pávek, and Jitka Ulrichová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, buněčné signály, membránové receptory, xenobiotika, glukokortikoidy, genetická informace, biochemistry, cell signals, membrane receptors, xenobiotics, glucocorticoids, genetic information, dioxin, transcriptional control, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) play crucial role in the regulation of drug metabolizing enzymes and in many essential physiological processes. Cellular signaling by these receptors shares several functional and regulatory features. Here we investigated regulatory cross-talk between these two receptors. Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were the model of choice. We analyzed the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) and dioxin (TCDD) on i) expression of AhR and GRα mRNAs; ii) levels of AhR and GR proteins; iii) transcriptional activities of AhR and GR in reporter assays; iv) 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity (EROD). We found that both DEX and TCDD affected AhR and GR mRNAs expression, proteins levels and transcriptional activities in HepG2 cells. These effects on cellular signaling by AhR and GR comprised up-/down-regulation of gene expression and ligand-dependent protein degradation. We conclude that interactive regulatory cross-talk between GR and AhR receptors in HepG2 cells defines possible implications in physiology and drug metabolism. Future research should be focused on the investigation of AhR-GR cross-talk in various normal human cells and tissues both in vitro and in vivo., Z. Dvořák, R. Vrzal, P. Pávek, J. Ulrichová., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliigrafické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8. An initial exploration of in vivo hair cortisol responses to a brief pain stressor: latency, localization and independence effects

Creator:
Sharpley, Christopher F., Kauter, K. G., and McFarlane, J. R.
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, kortizol, vlasy, stres (fyziologie), biochemistry, cortisol, hair, stress (physiology), peripheral HPA axis, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Cortisol is secreted by the central hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and affects many target organs and tissues, particularly in response to stressor demands and infection. Recent data reporting cortisol synthesis in hair follicles have shown the existence of a parallel “peripheral” HPA-axis. However, although there is evidence from in vitro studies and single-observation comparisons between groups that cortisol from hair follicles reflects endocrine changes associated with stressor demands, there are no reports to date of repeated measurements of in vivo cortisol responsivity in hair to transitory stressors. This issue was investigated with three males who underwent 1 min cold pressor test (CP). Cortisol response in hair to stressor demand appears to be (a) swift but transitory, (b) localized to the site of the demand and (c) independent of central HPA-axis activity., C. F. Sharpley, K. G. Kauter, J. R. McFarlane., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

9. Anorexigenic effect of cholecystokinin is lost but that of CART (cocain and amphetamine regulated transcript) peptide is preserved in monosodium glutamate obese mice

Creator:
Železná, B., Jana Maixnerová, Resha Matyšková, Renata Haugvicová, Blokešová, D., and Lenka Maletínská
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, neuropeptidy, biochemistry, neuropeptids, monosodium glutamate (MSG) obesity, neuropeptide Y (NPY), cholecystokinin (CCK), cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART) peptide, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) treatment of neonatal mice results in a selective damage to the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and development of obesity with increased adiposity at sustained body weight in the adulthood. Feeding pattern of the MSG obese mice is unusual. Our previous results showed that after 24-h fasting, MSG mice consumed negligible amount of food in several hours and therefore, it was impossible to register the effect of peptides attenuating food intake such as cholecystokinin (CCK) or cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide. To overcome this problem, two findings were used: firstly, orexigenic effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) was attenuated both by CCK or CART peptide in lean fed mice and secondly, orexigenic effect of NPY was preserved in fed rats with MSG obesity. In this study, short-term food intake in fed lean and MSG obese C57BL/6 male mice was measured after simultaneous central administration of orexigenic NPY with either CART peptide or peripherally administered CCK. Anorexigenic action of exogenous CART peptide was preserved in MSG obese mice. On the other hand, satiety effect of exogenous CCK was completely lost in MSG obese mice. In conclusion, effective leptin signaling in ARC is necessary for satiety effect of CCK., B. Železná ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

10. Apolipoprotein B signal peptide polymorhism: distribution and influence on lipid parameters in Tunisian population

Creator:
Kallel, A., Feki, M., Elasmi, M., Souissi, M., Sanhaji, H., Omar, S., Haj Taieb, S., Jemaa, R., and Kaabachi, N.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, lipidy, polymorfismus, biochemistry, lipids, polymorphism, Tunisko, Tunisia, apolipoprotein, signální peptid, apo B gene, signal peptide, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Apolipoprotein B (apo B) is the major protein component of LDL, VLDL and chylomicrons. Numerous polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B gene have been described. Particularly, the insertion/deletion polymorphism located in the coding part of the signal peptide of apo B, associated with modification of lipid concentrations and the risk of cardiovascular disease, has been reported in the general population. No such study in the Tunisian population has been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the apolipoprotein B gene on lipid levels in a sample of the Tunisian population. A total of 458 unrelated subjects (321 men and 137 women) were included. The insertion/deletion polymorphism was determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels after PCR amplification. The relative frequencies of the Ins and Del alleles were 0.74 and 0.26, respectively. These frequencies were similar to those found in other Caucasian populations. There was no significant difference in serum TC, TG, and HDL-C levels due to the influence of the genotypes. However, significant variation among the three genotypes was seen for LDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and apo B (p<0.001) levels. Individuals homozygous for the Del allele had higher levels than individuals homozygous for the Ins allele, while individuals heterozygous for both alleles exhibited intermediate levels. When the data were analyzed in men and women separately, a similar effect was seen in both groups. Our results show that distribution of apo B insertion/deletion polymorphism in Tunisians is similar to other Caucasian population and confirm the reported association with serum LDL-cholesterol and apo B concentrations., A. Kallel, M. Fekl, M. Elasmi, M. Souissi, H. Shanhaji, S. Omar, S. Haj Taieb, R. Jemaa, N. Kaabachi., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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