Bone is a target tissue for hormones, such as the sex steroids, parathormon, vitamin D, calcitonin, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones. In the last decade, other “non-classic” hormones that modulate the bone tissue have been identified. While incretins (GIP and GLP-1) inhibit bone remodeling, angiotensin acts to promote remodeling. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has also been found to have anabolic effects on the skeleton by activating bone formation during embryonic development, as well as in the postnatal period of life. Bone has also been identified as an endocrine tissue that produces a number of hormones, that bind to and modulate extra-skeletal receptors. Osteocalcin occupies a central position in this context. It can increase insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and regulate metabolism of fatty acids. Moreover, osteocalcin also influences phosphate metabolism via osteocyte-derived FGF23 (which targets the kidneys and parathyroid glands to control phosphate reabsorption and metabolism of vitamin D). Finally, osteocalcin stimulates testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells and thus may play some role in male fertility. Further studies are necessary to confirm clinically important roles for skeletal tissue in systemic regulations., I. Zofkova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The evaluation of the head injury criterion (HIC) assessing injuries of a pedestrian when hit by a vehicle, if simply defined, provides no practical hint for designing a bonnet structure with good safety performance. We have studied relations between the time history of the impact, HIC performance and bonnet structure; based on that, we established a method how to define, visualize and remove shortcomings of an existing bonnet design. The abilities of the approach are demonstrated on the results of practical application. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The reviews evaluate three books and a conference. The first book,
Happy Childhood? The Child in the 19th century Bohemia, was written by Milena Lenderová and Karel Rýdl who aimed to show the life of children in 19th century Bohemia from different angles.
The exhibition I’ve Lost My Little Apron has an accompanying publication of the same title written by Blanka Petráková.
The Ethnographical Society members chose the book Museum of
South-Eastern Moravia Village by Martin Šimša, Petra Kalábová, et al. as the best specialised publication of the year 2006. It is a catalogue of the Museum of south-Eastern Moravia Village supplemented by articles on fundamental fields of material and non-material traditional culture. this imaginatively composed book is supplemented by a range of visual materials. The outcome of a conference commemorating the work of František Bartoš is presented in František Bartoš Linguist, Pedagogue, Ethnographer. A conference on the 100th anniversary of his death. and Abstrakt je společný pro 3 recenze a zprávu z konference uvedené v oddílu Knihy
The review section brings an evaluation of four books published in 2007. Alena Jeřábková wrote a review of a book by Marie Brandstettrová Clothing of the Rožnov Citizens. Reading about Rožnov Traditional Costume (published by the Wallachian Open-Air Museum in Rožnov pod Radhoštěm, in 2007). The book explores the way of clothing in the small town of Rožnov where rural and urban environments used to meet in the past. Jana Nosková analyzed a publication by Martina Pavlicová Traditional Culture and Its Historical and Social Reflections (Micro-Social Probes) published by the department of European ethnology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk university, Brno, in 2007). The book consists of three parts: theoretical introductory chapter and two case studies - first of them devoted to the personality of a musician Josef Slezák from Břestek, the second one dealing with the ride of kings in the small town of Hluk. The first chapter brings interesting observations concerning historical development of ethnology as a scholarly discipline, primarily in connection with the relationship between its object of study and other disciplines such as cultural and social anthropology., The National institute for traditional culture in Strážnice released a representative publication by Martin Šimša Bearers of the Folk Craft Tradition I. by the end of the year 2007. The aim of the publication was to introduce personalities of handcraftsmen awarded by the Minister of Culture between the years 2001-2007. The book brings a well arranged overview of personalities awarded, and at the same time it informs about the process of awarding the title Bearer of the Folk Craft Tradition. Images depicting assortment, craftsmen and close-ups of their work also form a significant part of the book. Deals with Volyn Czechs and their repatriation to Czechoslovakia in her book Repatriation and Settlement of Volyn Czechs in Interpretations of Participants and Scholarly Literature (published by the department of European ethnology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk
university, Brno, in 2007). She paid special attention to processes of domiciliation, adaptation and integration of Volyn Czechs in the new country. The work is primarily built on the interesting use of biographical and oral history methods which enabled the author to exploit interesting pieces of information and interpretative framework of historical events., and Tento abstrakt je společný pro 4 recenze uvedené v oddílu Knihy
The review section opens up with Jiřina Veselská’s comprehensive review of the most recent encyclopaedic handbook: Stanislav Brouček - Richard Jeřábek (eds.): Lidová kultura. Národopisná encyklopedie (Folk Culture: Ethnographical Encyclopaedia). She summarizes media critique and highlights the encyclopaedia’s utility for museum workers and regional historians. Two other reviews focus on publications from a book series published by the
department of European Ethnology at Masaryk University, Brno:
Středověké a novověké zdroje tradiční kultury (Medieval and Modern Sources of Traditional Culture) by Daniel Drápala; and Agrární kultura. O tradičních formách zemědělského hospodaření a života na vesnici (Agrarian Culture: On Traditional Forms of Agriculture and Rural Life) by Karel Pavlištík. Miroslav Válka evaluates the monograph Valaši a Valašsko (Wallachs and Wallachia) by a distinguished expert on the issue of Wallachian colonization. Then there are two reviewers who deal with material culture and different kinds of subsistence. Václav Michalička highlights the questionable quality of the book by Václav Šplíchal, Marie Otavová, et al: Zlaté ruce. Svazek I., Poselství dřeva (Hands of Gold: Volume I.,Testimony of Wood)., The following new books by Petr Janeček have been enthusiastically accepted by the public: Černá sanitka a jiné děsivé příběhy. Současné pověsti a fámy v České republice (Black Ambulance and Other Scary Stories: Contemporary Myths and Rumours in the Czech Republic); and Černá sanitka: Druhá žeň. Pérák, ukradená ledvina a jiné pověsti (Black Ambulance: Aftermath. The Spring Man, Stolen Kidney and Other Stories. Conference proceedings Dary a obdarování (Gifts and Gift Giving), containing contributions from an international conference of the same title held in 2007, is reviewed by Marta kondrová. A special publication - recollections by the Slovak National Museum staff V múzeu vážne i prostopašne (In the Museum Seriously and Dissipatedly: Recollections by Museum Staff), is reviewed by Ladislav Mlynka. The review section concludes with a commentary on a book about folk bands in the Zlín region by Jiří Severin Hráli jsme jak andělé (We Played Like Angels)., and Tento abstrakt je společný pro všech 9 recenzí uvedených v oddílu Knihy
Miroslav Válka has reviewed a Slovak publication by Jaroslav Čukan et al.: Butín. Cultural traditions of Slovaks in the Romanian Banat (Butín. Kultúrne tradície Slovákov v rumunskom Banáte).The book builds on the previous publication activities of the Faculty of Arts at Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra that intensely document the culture of Slovaks in so-called Lower Land. A publication on cultural traditions of Butín in the Romanian Banat near the Serbian border. The authors attempt to analyse the phenomena and search the factors that shape ethnical consciousness and local culture of Slovaks from Butín. they have asked questions concerning what the local culture and the culture of other Slovak villages in Banat and in the Lower Land have in common and how they differ as well as how transmission and acculturation take place. Libor Svoboda reviews Roman Doušek’s book Sebranice and their reeve Ondřej Kanýz (1694-1761). Village community and its culture in the first half of the XVIII century.(Sebranice a jejich rychtář Ondřej Kanýz. Vesnická komunita a její kultura v první polovině 18. století)., The book was created as a result of studies of manuscript materials relating to the personality of Sebranice reeve Ondřej Kanýz. The author describes various aspects of the contemporary culture of the village, from its social structures through material culture and family rituals to religion and the spiritual world of the contemporary villagers. the book also focuses on an individual, village reeve Ondřej Kanýz, through whom we learn most information on the life in a Moravian baroque village. Second of the reviewed books is a monograph written by a collective of authors under the leadership of Markéta Holubová Obraz ženy v kramářské produkci (The Picture of Woman in Broadside Production). Czech ethnology has paid a lot of attention to the broadside prints within the last one hundred years. The advance in thorough understanding of available materials related first of all to the recent cataloguing and digitising plenty of broadside print collections creates an ideal platform for the development of a number of new viewpoints concerning this issue., Twelve essays document the extent to which broadside production can be used as a specific source material whose analysis reveals information about the phenomenon under examination as a subject, as well as about the way it can help to portray phenomena for general awareness. The result of a systematic field research of folk architecture carried out within the frame of the grant project Identification and documentation of traditional folk architecture in the Zlín region is a pair of publications: Folk architecture known unknown. Zlín region. I. Uherské Hradiště area. (Lidové stavby známé neznámé. Zlínský kraj. I. Uherskohradišťsko) and Folk architecture known unknown. Zlín region. II. Zlín area. (Lidové stavby známé neznámé. Zlínský kraj. II. Zlínsko). The authors have dealt with residential, farm and operational buildings and the material collected (from total of 260 sites) describes specific features of various stages of development as well as transformation of folk architecture objects over the past more than one hundred years. In 2009, the department of European Ethnology at Masaryk University in Brno launched a new publisher’s series Ethnological materials by publishing Ethnographic materials in Czech culture and history journals in the second half of the XIX century. Annotated bibliography (Národopisné materiály v českých kulturně-historických časopisech 2. poloviny 19. století. Anotovaná bibliografie)., In the 60’s of the XX century, its author Emil Malacka processed several printed matters published in the second half of the XIX century (Besedy lidu, Čas, Květy, Obzor, Osvěta, Světozor and Zlatá Praha) that brought interesting texts and pictorial material not only from the ethnological but also historical, art-historical and literary point of view. The publication comprises an introductory analytical study coupled with a characteristic of excerpted periodicals. The core of the publication is two bibliographical lists: a) text contributions (2,563 records) sorted by author, b) list of illustrations (1,146 records). Ivana Šusteková’s book Pedlars from Kysúce (Podomoví obchodníci z Kysúc) deals with this specific occupation in the mountainous region in Northern Slovakia., On the basis of the processing of archival collections and interviews with witnesses, she attempts to reconstruct the causes leading to the emergence of this kind of living, attempts to identify the socio-economic context, observes house-to-house salesmen’s routes, their living conditions, product range and sales organization, clothes and many other material and nonmaterial phenomena. Spiritual culture is represented in the book Hody s právem na Uherskohradišťsku (“Hody s právem” Festival in Uherské Hradiště region) by Ludmila Tarcalová. By the means of extensive field research, the author managed to record the unique phenomenon of the Czech ceremonial culture within the span of one hundred years through words and pictures. The book by Josef Tvarůžek, Daniel Drápala and other authors Valaši v Betlémě (The Wallachs in Bethlehem) contains a collection of almost thirty Christmas carols and a Christmas play Valaši (The Wallachs). The collection of Christmas songs from Rožnov pod Radhoštěm, which were gathered by Josef Tvarůžek at the beginning of the 20th century, is enriched by introductory studies devoted to advent and Christmas time in Rožnov pod Rradhoštěm and surroundings., and Tento abstrakt je společný pro 8 recenzí uvedených v oddílu Knihy