Termín „psychomotorické“ má svůj původ v Německu. Wilhelm Griesinger, jeden ze zakladatelů neuropsychiatrie, použil tento termín poprvé roku 1844. V průběhu let se v jednotlivých zemích vyvinuly odlišné koncepce psychomotoriky ve výchově a psychomotoriky jako terapeutického prostředku. Základ obou zaměření je stejný. Pohybem se snažíme vyvolat předem definovanou změnu prožívání a tomu odpovídajícího chování. Předem definovanou změnu je možno navodit pomocí znalostí funkcí mozku. Je však nutno počítat s různou úrovní motivace k této změně a různou úrovní předchozí zkušenosti. Cílem této studie je upozornit na myšlenky, z nichž současná psychomotorická terapie čerpá., The term „psychomotor“ has its origin in Germany. Wilhelm Griesinger, one of the founders of neuropsychiatry, used this term for the first time in 1844. The term “psychomotor” led, however, an independent life. Over the years in different countries have developed different concepts in education and psychomotor as a therapeutic agent. The basis of both orientations s the same. Move to try to create a predefined change in perception and behaviour appropriate to predefined change can be induced by the knowledge of brain function. However, it is necessary to allow for different levels of motivation for this change and varying levels of previous experience. The aim of this study is to highlight the ideas of which draws current psychomotor therapy., Hátlová B., Adámková S., Bašný Z., and Literatura
The purpose of study was to analyze clinical and genetic polymorphism of Duchenne/Becker progressive muscular dystrophies among patients with neuromuscular diseases in Uzbekistan. 106 male patients with progressive pseudohypertrophic forms of muscular dystrophy were retrospectively and prospectively analyzed in the period from 2004 till 2014: 93 patients with Duchenne PMD aged from 3 years to 18 years and 13 patients with Becker PMD aged from 10 years to 25 years, who had been examined in the medico-genetic consulting department of the Republican Center “Mother and Child Screening” of Tashkent city. Comprehensive clinical, neurophysiological, biochemical and genetic study of patients as the integral part in the differential diagnosis of Duchenne/Becker progressive muscular dystrophies allows creating the national database on D/B PMD to prevent the birth of children in families burdened by this disease., Umida Tulkinovna Omonova, and Literatura
V současné době je v odborných publikacích věnována stále větší pozornost spirituální dimenzi člověka. Rostoucí zájem o spiritualitu je možno pozorovat zhruba od 80. let minulého století, kdy došlo k rozšíření tohoto pojmu do psychologie a zdravotnictví. Pojem spiritualita se objevil poprvé v teologii v 16. století, jeho praktické užívání v dnešním slova smyslu pochází však až ze začátku 20. století. Spiritualitu je nutno odlišovat od religiozity. Spiritualita může mít svůj konkrétní projev v religiozitě, může se však také manifestovat i jinými způsoby. „Přirozená“ spiritualita je běžnou součástí života, projevuje se ve schopnosti reflektovat sebe i okolní svět, angažovat se ve vztazích a v realizaci hodnot, v hledání a nacházení smyslu svého života i života vůbec. Nemoc může být obdobím, kdy si člověk více než kdy jindy uvědomuje svoji spirituální dimenzi. Je důležité, aby součástí péče o nemocného byla i spirituální péče. Tato péče však musí být vysoce individualizovaná, aby pacienta nepoškozovala. Non lege artis postupem je jak opomíjení tohoto typu péče, tak jeho násilné vnucování., Over recent years, specialist publications have been increasingly focusing on the spiritual dimension of man. This growing interest can be traced back to the 1980s, when the concept of spirituality expanded into psychology and health care. Although the term spirituality first appeared in 16th century theology, its usage in today’s sense of the word originates in the early 20th century. Spirituality must be distinguished from religiousness. Spirituality may find its specific expression in religiousness, but can also be manifested in other ways. A „natural“ spirituality is an essential part of everyday life, demonstrating itself in the ability to reflect both on oneself and the outside world, to get involved in relationships and apply values, as well as in searching for and finding the purpose of one’s life and the meaning of life in general. An illness may represent a period in life when a person more than ever before becomes aware of his / her spiritual dimension. It is important that caring for an ill person also includes spiritual care. This care, however, needs to be highly individualised so that it wouldn’t harm the patient. Neglecting this type of care or forcibly imposing it should both be considered a non lege artis practice., Bartůšková L., and Literatura
Many aspects of surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in children remain to be debatable. In the opinion of the majority of the specialists, surgical treatment is required after the diagnosis taking into account serious complications of intestinal malrotation. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis of surgical tactics and operative treatment method for isolated and associated intestinal malrotations in children. Material and methods. We observed 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with malrotation during the period of 2002 to 2013. Results. We presented the data from observing 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with various clinical-anatomic forms of intestinal malrotation over from 2002 to 2013. In 62 patients (50.4%), the evidences of the high intestinal obstruction were prevalent, while 61 (49.6%) showed signs of low intestinal obstruction. 116 patients (94,3%) were given operative intervention: radical – 95(81,9%) and palliative – 21 (18,1%). In 56 % of the cases, various simultaneous surgeries were required. There are proposed differential approaches in relation to anatomic form of malrotation and possibility of the fixation of large intestine in the physiological position. Conclusion. The results obtained from the operative treatment are presented. The lethal outcomes could be reduced from 54.7%, among the patients being observed from 2002 to 2010, to 16,7% in patients being operated during 2011 to 2013., Nasriddin Shamsiddinovich Ergashev, Jamoliddin Bahronovich Sattarov, and Literatura
Cesta pacientů, kteří se stávají klienty v psychoterapii, bývá obvykle dlouhá, časově náročná, plná diagnostických vyšetření a zákroků. Důležité je, že po neúspěšných zdravotnických pokusech o diagnostiku či léčbu přicházejí zlepšit svůj somatický zdravotní stav prací se svou duší. Systemická terapie nabízí bezpečné a efektivní metody a nástroje, jak spojit léčbu tělesných a psychických potíží, a využívá při této spolupráci i samotné tělo klienta., Patiens, who become the clients of psychoterapy, have to usually pass a long and time demanding path including a lot of diagnostic procedures and medical interventions. Those unsuccesful ones, who did try hard with medical diagnostics or help finally come to improve their health conditions by working with their souls. And that is important. The systemic therapy offers safe and efective methods and instruments to combine physical and mental problems treatment as well as cooperation with the client´s body as itself. KEY WORDS: problem, Závěrková M., and Literatura
The condition of the protective barrier of the stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer associated and non-associated with H. pylori infection has been studied. The state of gastric mucosal barrier was studied in 72 patients with peptic ulcer disease association with H. pylori and 26 patients without H. pylori by determining the content of insoluble glycoproteins and its fractions in the basal portion of the gastric juice. In a comparative perspective the state of these indicators were studied depending on the association with H. pylori and the severity of the disease. In patients with H. pylori, damages of protective mucus barrier are characterized by the significant shortage of fucose, which is considered to be the main component of the insoluble glycoproteins. In patients without H. pylori, status of mucosal barrier is characterized by uniform and less significant reduction in the content of fractions of insoluble glycoproteins. In this patients the reduction of insoluble glycoproteins is not dependent on the frequency of exacerbation. The content of fucose in the mucous gel of gastric juice is a diagnostic criterion for determining the frequency of recurrence of the disease in patients with H. pylori infection., Abdujalol Vahabovich Yakubov, Nargiza Ihsanovna Pulatova, and Literatura
In this article, the results of the morphological study of the cerebral arteries in the patients with the hemorrhagic ischemic stroke on the background of metabolic syndrome were submitted. We established that under hemorrhagic stroke on the background of metabolic syndrome one could observe the atherosclerotic damages in the form of plaques, hyalinosis of vessels walls, destructive and necrotic changes of the middle coat of vessel wall, which are, in our opinion, the main reason in morphogenesis of hemorrhagic stroke. The atherosclerotic affection of the cerebral vessels with the lipidosis and fibrotic plaques in the vessel wall, which caused in disorganization of the vessel wall in the form intimae proliferation, structural reconstruction of the internal elastic membrane which resulted in narrowing of the vessel lumen and development of ischemia is the morphological basis for the ischemic stroke with the metabolic syndrome. Also diabetic microangiopathy with the development of the hyalinosis, vessels walls sclerosis, which provoked the microcirculatory and metabolism processes injury in the cerebral substance that complicate the disease course is the important factor of cerebral blood circulation damage., Natalia Chuiko, and Literatura
The Purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of combined treatment for III AB stage of nonsmallcell lung cancer. Nonsmallcell lung cancer spread form treatment is disputable. Operation is not final solution. The combined treatment is being tested (in clinical trials) in this study. This article argues that a combination of treatment is a better option than that of a specific treatment. However, there is a need to find new effective options for combined treatment., Akhat Bukenov, Elena Gizbrekht, Ergaly Shauenov, Bekzhan Orazbayev, Kalmurat Razzakov, and Literatura
Objective: to analyze main clinical-statistical indices of spine and spinal cord injuries (SCI) and system of organization of medical aid to the victims. We conducted a cohort retrospective study of materials of medical institutions of Tashkent city. Medical records of patients and records of forensic examinations were analyzed. 242 cases of spinal cord injuries were studied. Over the last 10 years in Tashkent the frequency of SCI have been tend to increase, males and working-age people are dominated. In 60.9% of cases the injury was associated, in 36.2% - isolated, and in 2.9% - combined. Fallings from height and road traffic accidents were the main reasons for getting SCI. Lesions at cervical level registered in 45% of cases, thoracic level - 27.3%, at lumbar level - 27.7%, respectively. According to ASIA/IMSOP, full injuries were noted in 40.1% of cases, incomplete injures were in 59.9%. Overall mortality from SCI was 68.6%. study allowed to get in detail the clinical and statistical indicators of SCI in the region., Rukhulla Zabikhullaevich Khikmatullaev, Alisher Iskandarovich Iskandarov, Dildora Zabikhullaevna Khakimova, and Literatura
We aimed to investigate in detail the structural mutations after influence of actellic insecticide at different doses and different temperature conditions. We tested effects of single introduction of different doses of actellic: 48, 96, 192, and 384 mg/kg. Cytogenetic effect of actellic in bone marrow cells at different temperature regimens was studied. Following actellic administration, animals were being in two temperature regimes: normal (18-20°C) and high (37-38°C). After treatment with actellic, animals were kept within 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours at high temperature (37-38°C), i.e. in a thermostat (TV-80) with access of air. In experiments, the animals were divided into seven groups. The animals of the 1st group were administered actellic at a dose 384 mg/kg and kept under normal temperature until slaughtering. The animals of the 2nd group after administration of actellic were immediately placed in an environment with a temperature of 37-38°C. Animals of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th groups after treatment with actellic were transferred to conditions with high temperature, respectively, for 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. The 7th group of mice was under normal temperature conditions without treatment with actellic. Our results have shown that in normal temperature conditions single exposure of actellic (384 mg/kg) did not affect the genetic apparatus of somatic cell, evidenced by the frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells that were within the control levels. However, at high temperatures (37-38°C) the pesticide caused 6-fold larger number of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells, in comparison with normal conditions., Anvarjon Rakhmankulovich Shermuratov, and Literatura