Objective: To determine risk factors in different pathogenic subtypes of ischemic stroke in Tashkent hospital registry and to compare with the data of other stroke registers. Design: Prospective observational study. Participants: 300 adults aged 18 years or over who suffered first-ever acute ischemic stroke, of them, the data of 100 patients with atherothrombotic, lacunar and cardioembolic strokes were analyzed. Main outcome measures: Mathematically significant differences and not significant differences but interesting from other point of view. Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages. Differences were regarded as statistically significant when the P value was less than 0.05 (P<0.05). Results: Of 100 patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke at the median age of 62.63±4.68 (interquartile range 25-92) years, 57% were men and 43% were women. Depending on aetiology and stroke subtype, all the patients were divided into three groups: 42 patients with atherothrombotic stroke, 41 – with lacunar stroke, and 17 patients with cardioembolic stroke. Atherothrombotic stroke developed often in people over 60 years old, while lacunar stroke prevailed at the younger age. Stroke cases increased in people over 51 years old. Although men were more likely to suffer strokes than women, stroke incidence was equal in both sexes with increasing of age (over 60 years old), especially in atherothrombotic stroke, testifying to that women live longer. Combination of cerebral atherosclerosis and hypertension was the most significant risk factor for stroke. Atherosclerosis was the main aetiological factor for ischemic stroke, independently of its pathogenic heterogeneity. Diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for all stroke subtypes, which in most cases worsened the European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 course and outcome of stroke. Hypertension was the leader aetiological factor for lacunar stroke. In these patients, we Cardioembolic stroke developed mainly because of cardiac thrombosis and valve pathology, which were often associated with chronic diseases of other organs, worsening the course and outcome of stroke. Despite of high prevalence of myocardial infarction in men, women were more likely to develop cardioembolic stroke. Conclusions: This study found simultaneous influence of many risk factors (multifactorial disease) in the development of ischemic stroke. The more course and influence of the underlying disease and risk factor, the higher stroke risk and severity, especially in the absence or inadequate previous therapy of underlying disease before the stroke index. We have noted a high prevalence of under-diagnosis of vascular risk factors at levels of primary and secondary care. We recommend for improved public awareness of vascular risk factors and better diagnostic and treatment facilities aimed at addressing those factors at levels of primary and secondary healthcare. Larger population-based studies may provide additional data on stroke incidence and outcome among Uzbeks., Khurshidakhon Abduboriyevna Rasulova, and Literatura
The purpose of study was to analyze clinical and genetic polymorphism of Duchenne/Becker progressive muscular dystrophies among patients with neuromuscular diseases in Uzbekistan. 106 male patients with progressive pseudohypertrophic forms of muscular dystrophy were retrospectively and prospectively analyzed in the period from 2004 till 2014: 93 patients with Duchenne PMD aged from 3 years to 18 years and 13 patients with Becker PMD aged from 10 years to 25 years, who had been examined in the medico-genetic consulting department of the Republican Center “Mother and Child Screening” of Tashkent city. Comprehensive clinical, neurophysiological, biochemical and genetic study of patients as the integral part in the differential diagnosis of Duchenne/Becker progressive muscular dystrophies allows creating the national database on D/B PMD to prevent the birth of children in families burdened by this disease., Umida Tulkinovna Omonova, and Literatura
Many aspects of surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in children remain to be debatable. In the opinion of the majority of the specialists, surgical treatment is required after the diagnosis taking into account serious complications of intestinal malrotation. Purpose. The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis of surgical tactics and operative treatment method for isolated and associated intestinal malrotations in children. Material and methods. We observed 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with malrotation during the period of 2002 to 2013. Results. We presented the data from observing 123 children at the age of one day to 15 years with various clinical-anatomic forms of intestinal malrotation over from 2002 to 2013. In 62 patients (50.4%), the evidences of the high intestinal obstruction were prevalent, while 61 (49.6%) showed signs of low intestinal obstruction. 116 patients (94,3%) were given operative intervention: radical – 95(81,9%) and palliative – 21 (18,1%). In 56 % of the cases, various simultaneous surgeries were required. There are proposed differential approaches in relation to anatomic form of malrotation and possibility of the fixation of large intestine in the physiological position. Conclusion. The results obtained from the operative treatment are presented. The lethal outcomes could be reduced from 54.7%, among the patients being observed from 2002 to 2010, to 16,7% in patients being operated during 2011 to 2013., Nasriddin Shamsiddinovich Ergashev, Jamoliddin Bahronovich Sattarov, and Literatura
Cesta pacientů, kteří se stávají klienty v psychoterapii, bývá obvykle dlouhá, časově náročná, plná diagnostických vyšetření a zákroků. Důležité je, že po neúspěšných zdravotnických pokusech o diagnostiku či léčbu přicházejí zlepšit svůj somatický zdravotní stav prací se svou duší. Systemická terapie nabízí bezpečné a efektivní metody a nástroje, jak spojit léčbu tělesných a psychických potíží, a využívá při této spolupráci i samotné tělo klienta., Patiens, who become the clients of psychoterapy, have to usually pass a long and time demanding path including a lot of diagnostic procedures and medical interventions. Those unsuccesful ones, who did try hard with medical diagnostics or help finally come to improve their health conditions by working with their souls. And that is important. The systemic therapy offers safe and efective methods and instruments to combine physical and mental problems treatment as well as cooperation with the client´s body as itself. KEY WORDS: problem, Závěrková M., and Literatura
The condition of the protective barrier of the stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer associated and non-associated with H. pylori infection has been studied. The state of gastric mucosal barrier was studied in 72 patients with peptic ulcer disease association with H. pylori and 26 patients without H. pylori by determining the content of insoluble glycoproteins and its fractions in the basal portion of the gastric juice. In a comparative perspective the state of these indicators were studied depending on the association with H. pylori and the severity of the disease. In patients with H. pylori, damages of protective mucus barrier are characterized by the significant shortage of fucose, which is considered to be the main component of the insoluble glycoproteins. In patients without H. pylori, status of mucosal barrier is characterized by uniform and less significant reduction in the content of fractions of insoluble glycoproteins. In this patients the reduction of insoluble glycoproteins is not dependent on the frequency of exacerbation. The content of fucose in the mucous gel of gastric juice is a diagnostic criterion for determining the frequency of recurrence of the disease in patients with H. pylori infection., Abdujalol Vahabovich Yakubov, Nargiza Ihsanovna Pulatova, and Literatura
The Purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of combined treatment for III AB stage of nonsmallcell lung cancer. Nonsmallcell lung cancer spread form treatment is disputable. Operation is not final solution. The combined treatment is being tested (in clinical trials) in this study. This article argues that a combination of treatment is a better option than that of a specific treatment. However, there is a need to find new effective options for combined treatment., Akhat Bukenov, Elena Gizbrekht, Ergaly Shauenov, Bekzhan Orazbayev, Kalmurat Razzakov, and Literatura
Objective: to analyze main clinical-statistical indices of spine and spinal cord injuries (SCI) and system of organization of medical aid to the victims. We conducted a cohort retrospective study of materials of medical institutions of Tashkent city. Medical records of patients and records of forensic examinations were analyzed. 242 cases of spinal cord injuries were studied. Over the last 10 years in Tashkent the frequency of SCI have been tend to increase, males and working-age people are dominated. In 60.9% of cases the injury was associated, in 36.2% - isolated, and in 2.9% - combined. Fallings from height and road traffic accidents were the main reasons for getting SCI. Lesions at cervical level registered in 45% of cases, thoracic level - 27.3%, at lumbar level - 27.7%, respectively. According to ASIA/IMSOP, full injuries were noted in 40.1% of cases, incomplete injures were in 59.9%. Overall mortality from SCI was 68.6%. study allowed to get in detail the clinical and statistical indicators of SCI in the region., Rukhulla Zabikhullaevich Khikmatullaev, Alisher Iskandarovich Iskandarov, Dildora Zabikhullaevna Khakimova, and Literatura
Východiska: Pohybový projev zdravého organismu je charakterizován vysokou mírou variability provedení pohybového úkonu. Za situace vzniklé poruchy řízení, zejména v důsledku neurologických onemocnění, dochází v různé míře k fixnímu pohybového projevu, projevujícímu se omezením schopnosti pružné reakce na změnu zevních či vnitřních podmínek, působících v průběhu provádění cíleně zaměřené pohybové akce. Cíl: Zjistit rozdíly ve svalové aktivitě a variabilitě svalových souher akrálních a proximálních svalů během dosahu a úchopu u zdravých jedinců a u pacientů s hemiparézou. Metody: Experimentální soubor tvořilo 24 probandů po prodělané ischemické cévní mozkové příhodě (iktu) s pravostrannou hemiparézou. Kontrolní soubor tvořilo 30 zdravých probandů. Svalová aktivita byla zaznamenána pomocí povrchové elektromyografie v průběhu dosahu, úchopu a oddálení válcového a kulového předmětu. Rozdíly v hodnotách plochy pod křivkou záznamu jednotlivých svalů mezi experimentálním a kontrolním souborem byly statisticky vyhodnoceny pomocí T-testu pro nezávislé skupiny. Vztah mezi aktivitou svalů předloktí a svalů pletence ramenního byl hodnocen pomocí Spearmanova korelačního koeficientu pro neparametrické hodnoty. Výsledky: Byly zjištěny významné rozdíly v míře a počtu statisticky významných korelací akrálních a pletencových svalů. U souboru probandů s hemiparézou byla zjištěna statisticky významně nižší aktivita m. pectoralis major a naopak vyšší aktivita m. trapezius. Současně převažovala vysoká korelace m. pectoralis major a extenzorů zápěstí a prstů, na rozdíl od souboru zdravých probandů, kdy se vzájemné korelace akrálních a proximálních svalových skupin objevovaly nahodile, v menší míře a četnosti. Závěry: Výsledky ukazují na snížení variability svalové aktivity u pacientů s hemiparézou v průběhu úchopové funkce. Náhradou nedostatečné funkčnosti akrálních svalových skupin se stává relativně fixní „ko-aktivace“ s vybranými proximálními svalovými skupinami., Background: Movement of a healthy organism is characterized by a high degree of variability performance of a movement task. In a situation of a motor control lesion, mainly due to neurological disease, occurs in varying degrees to a fixed musculoskeletal manifestation. ere are manifesting in a limiting responsiveness to changing external or internal conditions during the task oriented physical action. Objective: To determine differences in muscle activity and variability between a muscle synergy of acral and proximal muscles during reach and grip in healthy subjects and stroke patients. Methods: e experimental group consisted of 24 probands aer ischemic stroke (ictus) with right-sided hemiparesis. e control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects. Muscle activity was recorded using surface electromyography during the performation of selected types of grips of cylindric and spheric objects. e differences in the area under the curve record of individual muscles between the experimental and control group were statistically evaluated using the t-test for independent groups. e relationship between the activity of the muscles of the forearm and shoulder girdle muscles was assessed using Spearman‘s correlation coefficient for non-parametric values . Results: ere were the significant differences in the size and number of statistically significant correlations distal and proximal arm muscles. In stroke group was found significantly lower activity m. pectoralis major and higher activity m. trapezius. At the same time the prevailing high correlation m. pectoralis major and extensor wrist and fingers, unlike the group of healthy subjectss, when the correlation distal and proximal muscle groups appeared at random, in a lesser extent and frequency. Conclusions: e results indicate a reduction in variability of muscle activity during grasp function of stroke patients. To compensate the lack of activity of acral muscles becomes relatively fixed „co-activation“ with selected proximal muscles., and Petra Bastlová, Ivana Barbora Frgalová, Barbora Kolářová, Milan Elfmark, Alois Krobot