Text cílí k objasnění nutnosti ontického a ontologického hlediska při diagnostice, terapii a prevenci chronického únavového syndromu (CFS – chronic fatiuge syndrome). Onticita vychází z biologizujícího medicínského pohledu na lidské tělo v nároku metodologie „clare et distincte“, který však nepostačuje k objasnění kontextu a zabraňuje porozumění obtíže daného člověka v rovině habituální., The text is aimed to clarify the need of ontic and ontological point of view in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS – chronic fatigue syndrome). Onticity is based on biological medical viewpoint on the human body according to methodology „clare et distincte“ which is however not sufficient to clarify the CFS context and it does not allow to understand the specific person habitual difficulties., Kalábová H., and Literatura
Assaultive acts committed by people with a mental illness is a major public health issue that affects patients with their families, law enforcement authorities, and the public at large. Failure to provide treatment is in fact a major predictor of assaultive acts in patients with schizophrenia living in the community. Considering that the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia have similar sociocultural characteristics, these factors may be reflected in individuals with schizophrenia who have committed serious assaultive acts in Uzbekistan. Objectives: The aim of the work was to identify the sociocultural and clinical characteristics of schizophrenic representatives of indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia who have committed violent crimes in Uzbekistan and have been found insane in regard to their offence, and to compare these subjects to ones belonging to the other ethnic groups. Material and methods: The data were collected in 2010–2013 in the Tashkent High Security Psychiatric Hospital via face-to-face interviews and also from the patients’ charts and from forensic psychiatric examination statements. Results: The sample consisted of 201 individuals. The sample was 90.1 percent (n = 181) male, with a predominance of the paranoid schizophrenia subtype according to the ICD-10 criteria. Of the subjects, 174 ones (86.6%) were representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, and 27 ones (13.4%) were representatives of other ethnic groups. The duration of illness among the subjects belonging to the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia was less than in the other group; the individuals were rarely referred to psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness. A positive correlation between violence and various psychotic symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder, has also been demonstrated in this group. European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 Conclusions: Sociocultural characteristics, such as delayed referral for psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness among the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, frequently factor into committing serious acts of assault because of developing psychotic symptoms at the early stages of disease despite their sufficient socioenvironmental adaptation., Saida Yеshimbetova, Bulat Chembaev, and Literatura
The aim of our study was to determine the significance of lymphocyte-platelet adhesion (LPA), interleukins, transforming included 139 pregnant women aged between 17 and 27 years (21.3±4.22 years). GH was diagnosed in 119 women after 20 weeks of pregnancy. 20 patients (control group) were with physiological course of pregnancy. The distribution of patients by groups was carried out according to the level of blood pressure (BP) in accordance with ICD-10 (Geneva, WHO, 2002). The survey was conducted at the moment of detection pregnancy from 7 to 10 weeks and in dynamics of I, II and III trimesters of gestation. In the dynamics of gestation, were studied the number of desquamated endothelial cells circulating in the systemic circulation (CECs), nitrates levels, the adhesion of platelets by estimation their ability to form co-aggregates with lymphocytes by determining the percentage of lymphocytes aggregates with thrombocytes (lymphocyte-platelet plugs), at risk of hypertensive disorders, especially after 20-22 weeks of gestation and later, lymphocytes ability to platelets adhesion is rose, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO level are increased. The direct relationship indicates their importance in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women., Salomat Aleksandrovna Matyakubova, and Literatura
Protection of reproductive health of adolescents and youth, i.e., individuals aged 15 to 24 years, is a primary goal of a family planning service as according to WHO estimations (1995), the youth aged 15 to 24 years makes over 14% of the overall population in developed countries. Disorders of a menstrual cycle take a leading place among gynaecologic pathologies of adolescent girls. At the same time, according to WHO data, about 30% of schoolchildren suffer from iron deficiency anemia, which takes one of the first places in the structure of somatic pathologies. On the basis of maternity welfare centre No. 2, 2,456 girls aged 15 to 18 years were examined, and the frequency of occurrence and structure of disorders of a menstrual cycle was studied. In addition to standard methods of examination, all patients undertook USI of small pelvis organs; indicators of a hormonal status, complete blood test, transport fund, and iron stocks were investigated. The study included 285 girls, with various disorders of a menstrual cycle, who had no history of iron deficiency states and exacerbation of chronic diseases. The control group included 69 adolescent girls with a regular menstrual cycle. The most common type of disorder of a menstrual cycle in subjects examined was dysmenorrhea I. Iron deficiency anaemia was found in 5.3% of the subjects examined. The frequency of occurrence of moderate anaemia and latent deficiency of iron of 46.7% and 11.9%, respectively, attracts our attention. Well-timed diagnostics of the states mentioned in adolescent girls can prevent subsequent development of reproductive and somatic pathologies., Ibragim Kasym-Hojaev, Gulnora Kamalova, Habiba Negmatshaeva, Hurmatoy Khankeldieva, and Literatura
Východiska: Implementace mezinárodní klasifikace NANDA-I v podmínkách neonatologické péče v ČR. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo validovat diagnostické prvky ošetřovatelských diagnóz 00104 Neefektivní kojení a 0106 Snaha zlepšit kojení vybraným souborem neonatologických sester – expertek a zjistit, které diagnostické prvky považují za hlavní a které za vedlejší. Metody: Pro obsahovou validaci byl využit Fehringův model validity diagnostického obsahu (Diagnostic Content Validity Model). Soubor tvořilo 26 neonatologických sester – expertek. Za expertky byly považovány sestry pracující na neonatologii, které získaly minimálně 4 body dle modifikovaných Fehringových kritérií. Pro posouzení významnosti diagnostických prvků byl použit měřící nástroj obsahující 43 položek (diagnostických prvků) uvedených v klasifikačním systému NANDA-International. Výsledky: U ošetřovatelské diagnózy 00104 Neefektivní kojení za významné určující znaky (vážené skóre vyšší než 0,80) expertky považovaly: kojenec není schopen správně uchopit prs (0,82). Ze souvisejících faktorů dosáhlo váženého skóre vyšší než 0,80 celkem 3 prvky. U ošetřovatelské diagnózy 0106 Snaha zlepšit kojení váženého skóre vyšší než 0,80 nedosáhl žádný prvek. Závěr: Pro posouzení nespokojenosti nebo potíží matky a dítěte při procesu kojení na oddělení šestinedělí považují expertky za významné 4 prvky z 30, týkající se pouze ošetřovatelské diagnózy 00104 Neefektivní kojení., Background: Implementation of the International Classification of NANDA-I in neonatology care in the Czech Republic. Aim: The aim of the study was to validate the diagnostic elements of nursing diagnoses 00104 Ineffective Breastfeeding and 00106 readiness for inhanced breastfeeding selected file by neonatal nurses-experts and determine which diagnostic elements consider as the main, and which the minor are. Methods: For the content of validation was used Fehring diagnostic content of validity model (Diagnostic Content Validity Model). The sample consisted of 26 neonatal nurses-experts. For expert were considered nurses working in neonatology, which received at least 4 points modified by Fehring standard. To assess the significance of diagnostic elements was used measurement instrument containing 43 items (diagnostic elements) listed in the classification system, NANDA-International. Results: At nursing diagnosis 00104 Ineffective Breastfeeding, the main key features (score > 0, 80) experts considered: the infant isn´t unable to correctly to grasp the breast (0, 82). From the related factors achieve score 0, 80 in all 3 elements. At the nursing diagnosis 00106 Effort to improve breastfeeding weighted score of > 0, 80 reached no character. Conclusion: For the assess of dissatisfaction or problems of mother and child at the process of breastfeeding on postpartum department, specialists considered to be significant of 4 members from 30, concerning only to nursing diagnoses 00104 Ineffective breastfeeding., and Jana Chrásková, Mária Boledovičová