The study deals with expectations of patients - future consumers of health care services provided in hospitals. Authors of this study propose about how the fulfilled or unfilled expectations can influence the patient’s satisfaction with provided health care. There is also suggested to what categories those expectations most often belong and to what extent is possible in common conditions of Czech hospitals the patient’s expectations comply, Kalábová L., Křečková Tůmová N., Zlámal J., and Literatura
Článek je věnován právně teoretickým (i právně realizačním) aspektům aktuální právní úpravy v oblasti takzvaných „specifických zdravotních služeb“ (viz pojmosloví zákona č. 373/2011 Sb.). Text článku je konkrétně zaměřen na dispozici paragrafu šest jmenovaného zákona, která kogentně stanovením věkového limitu omezuje možnost skupiny žen podstoupit konkrétní zdravotní výkony. Takovou restrikci v oblasti specifických zdravotních služeb podrobují autoři článku právně teoretické analýze a docházejí k závěru, že uvedený paragraf diskriminačním způsobem omezuje subjektivní práva českých adresátek práva., The article is dedicated to the legal theoretical (and implementation) aspects of the current law in area of so-called "specific health care" (see terminology of the Act 373/2011 Statute Book). The article is particularly focused to the section 6 of the Act 373. This section prevents the group of women to use „specific health care” by the mandatory age limit. The authors theoretically analysed these restrictions on “specific health care” in sense of current law. They concluded that the section 6 denies the personal rights of Czech women., Karin Brzobohatá, Vojtěch Pospíšil, and Literatura
Objective: To determine risk factors in different pathogenic subtypes of ischemic stroke in Tashkent hospital registry and to compare with the data of other stroke registers. Design: Prospective observational study. Participants: 300 adults aged 18 years or over who suffered first-ever acute ischemic stroke, of them, the data of 100 patients with atherothrombotic, lacunar and cardioembolic strokes were analyzed. Main outcome measures: Mathematically significant differences and not significant differences but interesting from other point of view. Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages. Differences were regarded as statistically significant when the P value was less than 0.05 (P<0.05). Results: Of 100 patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke at the median age of 62.63±4.68 (interquartile range 25-92) years, 57% were men and 43% were women. Depending on aetiology and stroke subtype, all the patients were divided into three groups: 42 patients with atherothrombotic stroke, 41 – with lacunar stroke, and 17 patients with cardioembolic stroke. Atherothrombotic stroke developed often in people over 60 years old, while lacunar stroke prevailed at the younger age. Stroke cases increased in people over 51 years old. Although men were more likely to suffer strokes than women, stroke incidence was equal in both sexes with increasing of age (over 60 years old), especially in atherothrombotic stroke, testifying to that women live longer. Combination of cerebral atherosclerosis and hypertension was the most significant risk factor for stroke. Atherosclerosis was the main aetiological factor for ischemic stroke, independently of its pathogenic heterogeneity. Diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for all stroke subtypes, which in most cases worsened the European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 course and outcome of stroke. Hypertension was the leader aetiological factor for lacunar stroke. In these patients, we Cardioembolic stroke developed mainly because of cardiac thrombosis and valve pathology, which were often associated with chronic diseases of other organs, worsening the course and outcome of stroke. Despite of high prevalence of myocardial infarction in men, women were more likely to develop cardioembolic stroke. Conclusions: This study found simultaneous influence of many risk factors (multifactorial disease) in the development of ischemic stroke. The more course and influence of the underlying disease and risk factor, the higher stroke risk and severity, especially in the absence or inadequate previous therapy of underlying disease before the stroke index. We have noted a high prevalence of under-diagnosis of vascular risk factors at levels of primary and secondary care. We recommend for improved public awareness of vascular risk factors and better diagnostic and treatment facilities aimed at addressing those factors at levels of primary and secondary healthcare. Larger population-based studies may provide additional data on stroke incidence and outcome among Uzbeks., Khurshidakhon Abduboriyevna Rasulova, and Literatura
Našim cieľom je poukázať na dôležitosť podpory popôrodného bondingu, čiže bezprostredného kontaktu matky s dieťaťom po pôrode, odhaliť túžby, pocity žien a zistiť ich prežívanie vo vzťahu k bondingu. Štúdie sa zúčastnilo 2001 žien (vek 29,96 rokov ± 5,34 rokov), ktoré rodili spontánne v období za posledné tri roky. Metódou zberu údajov bol dotazník vlastnej konštrukcie. Pre vyhodnotenie sme použili deskriptívnu štatistiku. Zistili sme, že väčšina žien (93,90 %) túžila po bondingu a mala silu (82,86 %) byť bezprostredne po pôrode v kontakte so svojím dieťaťom. Po separácií dieťaťa matky prežívali strádanie (36,53 %), strach o dieťa (22,04 %), smútok (11,29 %). Zo strany pôrodných asistentiek/sestier podpora bondingu by mala patriť medzi priority. Podporou bondingu pôrodé asistentky/sestry podporujú fyziologickú, imunologickú a psychologickú adaptáciu dieťaťa a matky a dávajú zdravý základ vzťahovej väzby., Our aim is to point out the importance of postpartum bonding support, thus immediate contact of mother with her newborn baby straight after giving birth, as well as to expose desires and detect their experience regarding bonding. 2001 women (age 29.96 ± 5.34 years) who have given birth during the last three years participated this study. Own questionnaire was used for the method of data gathering. For its evaluation we used descriptive statistics. We found out that most of women (93.90 %) aspired bonding and were vigor enough (82.86 %) to be in contact with their newborn baby straight after giving birth. After motherś separation from a child, the mothers experienced child lacking (36.53 %), worries about the child (22.04 %), sadness (11.29 %). Bonding support should be one of the highest importances of midwifes /maternity nurses. By bonding support midwifes /maternity nurses help to maintain physiological, imunological a psychological adaptation of a mother and her child and give a healthy basis to form their relationship., Mazúchová L., Kelčíková S., Vasiľková P., and Literatura
Východiska: Východiskem výzkumného šetření byla Psychologická studie motivů pozdního rodičovství autorky Ireny Bímové. Cíl: Hlavním cílem výzkumného šetření bylo zjistit důvody oddálení narození prvního dítěte u matek po 35. roce. Metody: Výběrovým kritériem pro zařazení do výběrového souboru byl věk primipary 35 let a více. Jako technika sběru dat byl použit polostrukturovaný dotazník vlastní konstrukce. Počet respondentů byl 92. Data byla získávána na gynekologicko-porodnických a novorozeneckých odděleních v období od ledna 2013 do ledna 2014. K analýze získaných dat byl použit Fischerův přesný test. Výsledky: Nejčastějším důvodem oddálení narození prvního dítěte u matek po 35. roce byl výběr vhodného partnera. Tuto variantu uvádí 42,4 % matek. Druhým nejčastějším důvodem byly problémy s otěhotněním u 32,6 % matek. Součástí výzkumu bylo zpětné pozitivní a negativní hodnocení věku matek při narození prvního dítěte po 35. roce. Zpětně hodnotilo pozitivně věk porodu 45,7 % žen, negativně hodnotilo věk 54,3 % žen. Ženy, které zpětně hodnotily věk porodu 1. dítěte negativně, uvedly signifikantně častěji jako důvod oddálení porodu „Problémy s otěhotněním“ (p = 0,014). Ženy, které zpětně hodnotily věk porodu 1. dítěte pozitivně, uvedly signifikantně častěji jako důvod oddálení porodu „Preferenci nezávislého způsobu života“ (p = 0,039). Závěry: Důvody oddálení narození prvního dítěte v pozdějším věku spadají zejména do oblasti sociální, psychologické a zdravotní. Výzkum může vést k zamyšlení nad problematikou trendu pozdního rodičovství. Může podnítit diskusi o rizicích a benefitech pozdního rodičovství., Background: Background of research was Psychological studies of late parenthood motives author Irena Bímová. Aim: e aim of the research was to determine the reasons for postponing the first birth for mothers aer 35 years of age. Methods: e group selection criterion was a primipara age 35 and more. A semi-structured questionnaire of an original design was used to collect the research data. e number of respondents was 92. Data were obtained on obstetric and neonatal departments from January 2013 to January 2014. To analyze the data was used Fisher's exact test. Results: e most frequent reason for birth postponement amongst mothers aged 35 and more was the search for a suitable partner. is option was selected by 42.4% mothers. e second most frequent answer involved issues with conception, this being reported by 32.6% mothers. Additionally, the survey research included a retrospective positive or negative evaluation of the mothers’ age when they had their first child aer the age of 35. In retrospect, the age for the first birth was seen positively by 45.7% women and negatively by 54.3% women. Women evaluating the age for the first birth negatively significantly more oen reported the reason „Problems with conception“ (p = 0.014). Women evaluating the age for the first birth positively significantly more oen reported „A preference of an independent way of life“ as the reason behind their birth postponement (p = 0.039). Conclusions: e reasons for birth postponement of the first child amongst late mothers fell into the areas of social, psychological, and health-medical related issues. e research can lead up to reflection about postpo, and Radka Kozáková, Šárka Vévodová, Jiří Vévoda, Lukáš Merz
Cesta pacientů, kteří se stávají klienty v psychoterapii, bývá obvykle dlouhá, časově náročná, plná diagnostických vyšetření a zákroků. Důležité je, že po neúspěšných zdravotnických pokusech o diagnostiku či léčbu přicházejí zlepšit svůj somatický zdravotní stav prací se svou duší. Systemická terapie nabízí bezpečné a efektivní metody a nástroje, jak spojit léčbu tělesných a psychických potíží, a využívá při této spolupráci i samotné tělo klienta., Patiens, who become the clients of psychoterapy, have to usually pass a long and time demanding path including a lot of diagnostic procedures and medical interventions. Those unsuccesful ones, who did try hard with medical diagnostics or help finally come to improve their health conditions by working with their souls. And that is important. The systemic therapy offers safe and efective methods and instruments to combine physical and mental problems treatment as well as cooperation with the client´s body as itself. KEY WORDS: problem, Závěrková M., and Literatura
The condition of the protective barrier of the stomach in patients with duodenal ulcer associated and non-associated with H. pylori infection has been studied. The state of gastric mucosal barrier was studied in 72 patients with peptic ulcer disease association with H. pylori and 26 patients without H. pylori by determining the content of insoluble glycoproteins and its fractions in the basal portion of the gastric juice. In a comparative perspective the state of these indicators were studied depending on the association with H. pylori and the severity of the disease. In patients with H. pylori, damages of protective mucus barrier are characterized by the significant shortage of fucose, which is considered to be the main component of the insoluble glycoproteins. In patients without H. pylori, status of mucosal barrier is characterized by uniform and less significant reduction in the content of fractions of insoluble glycoproteins. In this patients the reduction of insoluble glycoproteins is not dependent on the frequency of exacerbation. The content of fucose in the mucous gel of gastric juice is a diagnostic criterion for determining the frequency of recurrence of the disease in patients with H. pylori infection., Abdujalol Vahabovich Yakubov, Nargiza Ihsanovna Pulatova, and Literatura
The Purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of combined treatment for III AB stage of nonsmallcell lung cancer. Nonsmallcell lung cancer spread form treatment is disputable. Operation is not final solution. The combined treatment is being tested (in clinical trials) in this study. This article argues that a combination of treatment is a better option than that of a specific treatment. However, there is a need to find new effective options for combined treatment., Akhat Bukenov, Elena Gizbrekht, Ergaly Shauenov, Bekzhan Orazbayev, Kalmurat Razzakov, and Literatura
Objective: to analyze main clinical-statistical indices of spine and spinal cord injuries (SCI) and system of organization of medical aid to the victims. We conducted a cohort retrospective study of materials of medical institutions of Tashkent city. Medical records of patients and records of forensic examinations were analyzed. 242 cases of spinal cord injuries were studied. Over the last 10 years in Tashkent the frequency of SCI have been tend to increase, males and working-age people are dominated. In 60.9% of cases the injury was associated, in 36.2% - isolated, and in 2.9% - combined. Fallings from height and road traffic accidents were the main reasons for getting SCI. Lesions at cervical level registered in 45% of cases, thoracic level - 27.3%, at lumbar level - 27.7%, respectively. According to ASIA/IMSOP, full injuries were noted in 40.1% of cases, incomplete injures were in 59.9%. Overall mortality from SCI was 68.6%. study allowed to get in detail the clinical and statistical indicators of SCI in the region., Rukhulla Zabikhullaevich Khikmatullaev, Alisher Iskandarovich Iskandarov, Dildora Zabikhullaevna Khakimova, and Literatura