We aimed to investigate in detail the structural mutations after influence of actellic insecticide at different doses and different temperature conditions. We tested effects of single introduction of different doses of actellic: 48, 96, 192, and 384 mg/kg. Cytogenetic effect of actellic in bone marrow cells at different temperature regimens was studied. Following actellic administration, animals were being in two temperature regimes: normal (18-20°C) and high (37-38°C). After treatment with actellic, animals were kept within 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours at high temperature (37-38°C), i.e. in a thermostat (TV-80) with access of air. In experiments, the animals were divided into seven groups. The animals of the 1st group were administered actellic at a dose 384 mg/kg and kept under normal temperature until slaughtering. The animals of the 2nd group after administration of actellic were immediately placed in an environment with a temperature of 37-38°C. Animals of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th groups after treatment with actellic were transferred to conditions with high temperature, respectively, for 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. The 7th group of mice was under normal temperature conditions without treatment with actellic. Our results have shown that in normal temperature conditions single exposure of actellic (384 mg/kg) did not affect the genetic apparatus of somatic cell, evidenced by the frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells that were within the control levels. However, at high temperatures (37-38°C) the pesticide caused 6-fold larger number of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells, in comparison with normal conditions., Anvarjon Rakhmankulovich Shermuratov, and Literatura
Autor se v tomto článku upozorňuje na problémy související s transplantacemi, současnými zásadami, které provázejí transplantační operace, a některými úskalími právní úpravy. Kromě právní analýzy je řešena i etická analýza tohoto palčivého problému. V textu se tak autor zabývá zejména lidskou důstojností, rovností, autonomií vůle, spravedlností a právem na život a na zdraví a jejich interpretačním rámcem v kontextu s transplantacemi. V závěru poukazuje článek na filosofickou problematičnost stanovení kritéria pro určení smrti, což dopadá na současnou transplantační praxi., Author in this article deals with issues related with organ transplantation and current leading principles in transplant laws and ethics. In this paper author analyzes issues of human dignity, equity, justice, autonomy, right to life and right to health and their context in transplant ethics. Finally this article shows some philosophical issues concerning the correct definition and standard for human death and closely connected questions with organ transplantation., Adam Doležal, and Literatura
Východiska: Pohybový projev zdravého organismu je charakterizován vysokou mírou variability provedení pohybového úkonu. Za situace vzniklé poruchy řízení, zejména v důsledku neurologických onemocnění, dochází v různé míře k fixnímu pohybového projevu, projevujícímu se omezením schopnosti pružné reakce na změnu zevních či vnitřních podmínek, působících v průběhu provádění cíleně zaměřené pohybové akce. Cíl: Zjistit rozdíly ve svalové aktivitě a variabilitě svalových souher akrálních a proximálních svalů během dosahu a úchopu u zdravých jedinců a u pacientů s hemiparézou. Metody: Experimentální soubor tvořilo 24 probandů po prodělané ischemické cévní mozkové příhodě (iktu) s pravostrannou hemiparézou. Kontrolní soubor tvořilo 30 zdravých probandů. Svalová aktivita byla zaznamenána pomocí povrchové elektromyografie v průběhu dosahu, úchopu a oddálení válcového a kulového předmětu. Rozdíly v hodnotách plochy pod křivkou záznamu jednotlivých svalů mezi experimentálním a kontrolním souborem byly statisticky vyhodnoceny pomocí T-testu pro nezávislé skupiny. Vztah mezi aktivitou svalů předloktí a svalů pletence ramenního byl hodnocen pomocí Spearmanova korelačního koeficientu pro neparametrické hodnoty. Výsledky: Byly zjištěny významné rozdíly v míře a počtu statisticky významných korelací akrálních a pletencových svalů. U souboru probandů s hemiparézou byla zjištěna statisticky významně nižší aktivita m. pectoralis major a naopak vyšší aktivita m. trapezius. Současně převažovala vysoká korelace m. pectoralis major a extenzorů zápěstí a prstů, na rozdíl od souboru zdravých probandů, kdy se vzájemné korelace akrálních a proximálních svalových skupin objevovaly nahodile, v menší míře a četnosti. Závěry: Výsledky ukazují na snížení variability svalové aktivity u pacientů s hemiparézou v průběhu úchopové funkce. Náhradou nedostatečné funkčnosti akrálních svalových skupin se stává relativně fixní „ko-aktivace“ s vybranými proximálními svalovými skupinami., Background: Movement of a healthy organism is characterized by a high degree of variability performance of a movement task. In a situation of a motor control lesion, mainly due to neurological disease, occurs in varying degrees to a fixed musculoskeletal manifestation. ere are manifesting in a limiting responsiveness to changing external or internal conditions during the task oriented physical action. Objective: To determine differences in muscle activity and variability between a muscle synergy of acral and proximal muscles during reach and grip in healthy subjects and stroke patients. Methods: e experimental group consisted of 24 probands aer ischemic stroke (ictus) with right-sided hemiparesis. e control group consisted of 30 healthy subjects. Muscle activity was recorded using surface electromyography during the performation of selected types of grips of cylindric and spheric objects. e differences in the area under the curve record of individual muscles between the experimental and control group were statistically evaluated using the t-test for independent groups. e relationship between the activity of the muscles of the forearm and shoulder girdle muscles was assessed using Spearman‘s correlation coefficient for non-parametric values . Results: ere were the significant differences in the size and number of statistically significant correlations distal and proximal arm muscles. In stroke group was found significantly lower activity m. pectoralis major and higher activity m. trapezius. At the same time the prevailing high correlation m. pectoralis major and extensor wrist and fingers, unlike the group of healthy subjectss, when the correlation distal and proximal muscle groups appeared at random, in a lesser extent and frequency. Conclusions: e results indicate a reduction in variability of muscle activity during grasp function of stroke patients. To compensate the lack of activity of acral muscles becomes relatively fixed „co-activation“ with selected proximal muscles., and Petra Bastlová, Ivana Barbora Frgalová, Barbora Kolářová, Milan Elfmark, Alois Krobot
Background: Obstetric complications developing at antiphospholipid syndrome are serious medical-social problem. Seeking of the treatment methods sets conditions for urgency of the article reviewed. Enzyme preparations are widely applied for treatment of women with fecundity disorder and hemorheology changes. Research objective was in clinico-laboratorial evaluation of Serrata drug impact in antiphospholipid syndrome in women with reproductive losses of Andijan state. Methods: Data of 43 women in the non-pregnancy state with reproductive losses (RL) in past history with revealed APS had been studied by us. Results: Thus, conducted therapy with Serrata was conductive to haemostasis. Conducted researches confirm the safety of application., Gulnoza Maniyozova, Habiba Negmatshaeva, Ozoda Yuldasheva, Gulnoza Turaeva, Dilfura Parpieva, and Literatura
Obezita a nadváha se stávají velkým medicínským problémem současnosti. Komplikují a zhoršují prognózu mnoha situací včetně těhotenství. Tuková tkáň není jen pasivní zásobárna energie, ale produkuje též hormony a cytokiny, kterými ovlivňuje činnost celého organizmu. Obezita negativně působí nejen přímo na matku a její reprodukční zdraví, ale působí i na zdravotní stav a vývoj dítěte. Kromě dobře známých komplikací se začínají diskutovat i další otázky jako například neuropsychický vývoj dítěte nebo vliv na vyšší riziko rozvoje astma, Obesity and overweight are becoming a major problem in medicine. Obesity impairs the prognosis of many conditions, including pregnancy. Adipose tissue is not only a passive reservoir of energy but also produces hormones and cytokines, which interfere with the regulation of the whole organism. Obesity adversely affects not only the mother and her reproductive health but also the health and the development of the child. In addition to well-known complication issues such as neuropsychological development of the child or a higher risk of astma are now discussed. Many of these negative effects are attributed to inflammation associated with obesity., Tereza Ulmannová, Ivana Špálová, Kateřina Štechová, and Literatura
In recent years there has been a noticeable "rejuvenation" of pelvic organ prolapse. Inconsistency of the pelvic floor muscles, including the omission of sexual organs, is extremely common pathology, observed almost a third of women of reproductive age. The search for effective, convenient methods of contraception for this category of patients is an important problem of modern gynecology. We proposed a method of transvaginal voluntary surgical contraception, produced in conjunction with surgical treatment of descent and prolapse of the vaginal walls. Studied the nearest and long-term results of surgery in 50 women to which, during the surgical treatment of genital prolapse at the same time was performed transvaginal occlusion of the fallopian tubes. Control groups consisted of 30 women to which in the first step before surgical correction of pelvic organ prolapse have been performed minilaparotomy and voluntary surgical sterilization (VSS). Our method consists in penetrating into the abdominal cavity through the anterior vaginal vault, downgrading the fallopian tubes with a hook of Ramathibodi and tubal sterilization by Pomeroy method. Intra - and postoperative complications were not observed. In the late postoperative periods - the effectiveness of the method was 100%. Marked tendency to improve the quality of sexual life tells about the positive impact of elimination of genital prolapse with simultaneous DCA on the quality of life of women., Nigina Nasimova, and Literatura