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702. Trichinellosis in Serbia has become a rare event - one outbreak with pulmonary complications
- Creator:
- Mitic, Ivana, Vasilev, Sasa, Korac, Milos, Ilic, Natasa, Bojic, Biljana, Gruden-Movsesijan, Alisa, and Sofronic-Milosavljevic, Ljiljana
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Trichinella spiralis, outbreak, and uninspected pork
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- An outbreak of trichinellosis occurred in Stari Banovci, a settlement in the municipality of Stara Pazova, Srem, Republic of Serbia, in March-April 2019. A total of 28 persons were exposed and trichinellosis was confirmed in 24 of them. This outbreak involved members of eight families, their relatives and friends. The infection, due to Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835), was associated with consumption of pork sausages procured in a local butcher's shop. The trace-back study revealed that the meat originated from swine that was raised on a small farm belonging to the owner of the shop, who did not have permission from the Veterinary Directorate for slaughtering animals and who put on the market sausages prepared from uninspected meat. Trichinellosis was accompanied by typical clinical symptoms. However, the unusual occurrence of high percentage of pulmonary complications was noticed. The description of this outbreak indicates that medical practitioners should initiate treatment immediately in cases of high suspicion of trichinellosis, even if the serology is negative, to prevent the complications of the disease. In spite of significant achievements in the control of Trichinella infection among domestic pigs and humans in the last 10 years, it is obvious that such cases of breeding animals under inappropriate conditions, slaughtering them without approval and placing uninspected pork on the market represent a source of sporadic outbreaks in Serbia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
703. Trophic induction of diapause in native and invasive populations of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
- Creator:
- Ovchinnikova, Antonina A., Ovchinnikov, Andrey N., Dolgovskaya, Margarita Yu., Reznik, Sergey Ya., and Belyakova, Natalia A.
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, slunéčkovití, slunéčko východní, beetles, Coccinellidae, Harmonia axyridis, Coleoptera, photoperiod, diet, diapause, invasion, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Ovipositing females from invasive (Krasnodar Territory of Russia) and native (Far East of Russia) populations of Harmonia axyridis were fed one of a set of diets ranging from 50 Myzus persicae aphids every day to 1 aphid every 10 days and all were also provided with a 10% sugar solution. The experiment was conducted at 20°C under short (12 h) and long (18 h) day conditions. Most of the females from the native population that consumed 50 or 10 aphids per day continued to oviposit under both long and short day conditions. Females that consumed 1 aphid per day or every 2 days practically stopped laying eggs but under long day conditions their ovaries were still active, whereas under short day conditions ca 50% of them were reproductively inactive (only germaria present) and had a well-developed fat body. Further reduction in diet resulted in an increase in the proportion of reproductively inactive females. However, about half of the females that terminated oogenesis under long day conditions had poorly developed fat bodies, which indicates that diapause was not induced. For the females from the invasive population, both photoperiodic and trophic effects were weak: under short day conditions, some females entered diapause when prey was abundant, whereas about 50% (independent of photoperiod) did not enter diapause when starved. This risk-spreading strategy, possibly, facilitates the adaptation of this invasive ladybird to unpredictable environmental conditions., Antonina A. Ovchinnikova, Andrey N. Ovchinnikov, Margarita Yu. Dolgovskaya, Sergey Ya. Reznik, Natalia A. Belyakova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
704. Tubenose goby - a discreet invader from the past goes higher
- Creator:
- Slovák Švolíková, Kristína, Števove, Barbora, Križek, Peter, Mosná, Pavlína, Fedorčák, Jakub, and Kováč, Vladimír
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Proterorhinus semilunaris, Danube, invasion, distribution dynamics, and higher altitudes
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The tubenose goby has been reported to be the first non-native postglacial gobiid immigrant from the Lower Danube refuges. It is thus a pioneer species that was the forerunner of the extensive invasion of Ponto-Caspian gobies that ascended the River Danube and spread across Europe a century before other goby species. It appears that recently the tubenose goby invasion has accelerated. In this paper historical data on the distribution of the tubenose goby, together with data from extensive monitoring of fish communities in Slovakia are examined to evaluate both the temporal and spatial aspects of tubenose goby distribution dynamics. Until the 1990s, the species was recorded only in the River Danube and small water bodies in the Danubian Lowland (Slovakia). Since then the tubenose goby has spread upstream into tributaries of the River Danube. It was also recorded in several streams in eastern Slovakia after 2014, and the spatial data demonstrate that the tubenose goby has been colonising new water bodies, progressing to the north and ascending rivers, reaching higher altitudes than previously reported. These findings suggest that the tubenose goby deserves attention, even after two centuries following the onset of its invasion, and its further expansion across Europe should be carefully monitored.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
705. Two new hypogean species of Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae) from the River Yangtze drainage in Guizhou, China
- Creator:
- Liu, Fei, Zeng, Zhi-Xuan, and Gong, Zheng
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- cavefish, morphology, and phylogenetic analysis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Two hypogean species of genus Triplophysa are herein described from two subterranean tributaries of the River Yangtze drainage in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, China. Triplophysa wudangensis, new species, can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: eye reduced, with diameter 5.1-6.5% HL; interorbital width 33.1-35.8% HL; body scaleless; lateral line complete; posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated; anterior nostril with elongated barbel-like tip; distal margin of dorsal fin truncate; dorsal fin with 7, anal fin with 5, and caudal fin with 14 branched fin rays; vertebrae 4 + 34. Triplophysa qingzhenensis, new species, can be distinguished from its congeners by the combination of the following characters: eye reduced, with diameter 2.1-4.4% HL; interorbital width 25.1-30.4% HL; body scaleless; lateral line complete; posterior chamber of air bladder degenerated; anterior nostril with elongated barbel-like tip; distal margin of dorsal fin truncate; dorsal fin with 7-8, anal fin with 5, and caudal fin with 14 branched fin rays; vertebrae 4 + 36. Molecular phylogenetic analysis supported the validity of these two new species and indicated their close relationship with Triplophysa rosa.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
706. Two new species of Rhodeus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Acheilognathinae) from the River Yangtze, China
- Creator:
- Li, Fan , Liao, Te-Yu , and Arai, Ryoichi
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- taxonomy, bitterling, lateral line, breeding season, and egg size
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Rhodeus cyanorostris sp. nov. and R. nigrodorsalis sp. nov. are described from two tributaries of the River Yangtze, in Sichuan and Jiangxi Provinces, China, respectively. Both species have a small number of branched dorsal-fin rays (both with a mode of 8) and anal-fin rays (mode of 7-8 and 8, respectively), which makes them easily distinguished from all congeners. Rhodeus cyanorostris sp. nov. differs from R. nigrodorsalis sp. nov. in having more predorsal scales (14-16 vs. 12-13), fewer pectoral-fin rays (10-11 vs. 12), a shorter major axis of the eggs (2.5-2.8 mm vs. mostly 3.3-3.5 mm), absence of two rows of light spots on the dorsal-fin rays (vs. presence), and absence of a black blotch on the dorsal fin in adult males (vs. presence). The breeding season in winter of the two new species is unique among the Acheilognathinae.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
707. Two new species of Tanichthys (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from China
- Creator:
- Li, Fan, Liao, Te-Yu, Bohlen, Jörg, Shen, Zhi-Xin, Zhao, Liang-Jie, and Li, Shan
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cyprinidae, Tanichthyidae, white cloud mountain minnow, cytochrome b, phylogeny, and taxonomy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Tanichthys albiventris, new species, from the River Jiangping in Dongxing City, Guangxi Province is distinguished from Tanichthys albonubes by the presence of a reddish-orange dorsal-fin margin (vs. white) and 9-10 (9 in mode) branched anal-fin rays (vs. 8 in mode). Tanichthys flavianalis, new species, from the River Jiuqu in Qionghai City, Hainan Province is distinguished from T. albiventris and T. albonubes by the presence of a golden anal-fin margin (vs. white) and 7 (rarely 6) branched dorsal-fin rays (vs. 6 in mode). In T. albiventris, T. albonubes, and T. flavianalis the black lateral stripe is located on the dorsal half of the flank, distinguishing them from Tanichthys kuehnei and Tanichthys micagemmae, in which it is mid-lateral. Tanichthys thabacensis is different from all other species of Tanichthys in the shape of the mouth and insertion of the anal fin; it is tentatively referred to as Aphyocypris.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
708. Uncertainty quantification in the analysis of liquefied soil response through fuzzy finite element method
- Creator:
- Kalateh, Farhoud, Hosseinejad, Farideh, and Kheiry, Milad
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fuzzy finite element, liquefaction, coupled hydro-mechanical equations, membership function, and uncertainty quantification
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the present study, a scheme based on fuzzy finite element method was provided for uncertainty quantification of liquefied saturated soil response under dynamic loading. In this respect, the coupled dynamic equations which are known as u-p equations were used, and instead of crisp values for input parameters, including permeability coefficient, specific mass of the soil, compressibility and shear modulus, their fuzzy numbers were used. At the end, displacements and pore water pressure created during earthquake were reported as fuzzy numbers. After verifying procedures of fuzzy analysis by experimental results from the centrifuge model test No. 1 from the VELACS project, several membership grades were considered. Firstly, the effect of fuzzification of each input soil parameter investigated individually, and then effect of considering all four input soil parameters as fuzzy numbers was analyzed by developed method. It was indicated that results of the analysis during the effective time of the earthquake were strongly influenced by the shear modulus and partially by compressibility modulus, and after this time, it was mainly affected by the permeability coefficient. Also considering uncertainty nature of specific mass of the soil had no significant effect on the results.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
709. Understanding the economic situation of people who took a foreign currency mortgage in Hungary and Poland
- Creator:
- Augustyniak, Hanna, Csizmady, Adrienne, Hegedüs, József, Łaszek, Jacek, Olszewski, Krzysztof, and Somogyi, Eszter
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- foreign currency mortgages, mortgage vintages, and intervention
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this article we show that significant differences between the foreign currency mortgage agreements in Hungary and Poland led to significant differences in monthly mortgage payments after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) erupted. Hungarian banks were able to add a variable markup to the LIBOR3M that was connected to bank risk on top of the usual fixed markup. We compare the monthly mortgage payments and LTV levels of people who took out a CHF mortgage with those who obtained a local currency mortgage during the mortgage boom years of 2006–2008. We find that in the initial years of the mortgage CHF mortgages were cheaper than local currency mortgages, which allowed more people to buy housing. However, the GFC led to a deterioration of the exchange rate, and monthly payments and LTV levels (consequently?) increased. We analyse the mortgage costs and LTV levels of the 2006-2008 foreign currency (FX) mortgage vintages in Hungary and Poland between 2006 and 2020 and compare them to local currency mortgages. We also simulate the effects of changing housing prices and wages on mortgages in the cities of Budapest and Warsaw.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
710. Updating the occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the genus Clusia through carbon isotope analysis of species from Colombia
- Creator:
- Pachon, P., Winter, K., and Lasso, E.
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- C3 photosynthesis, CAM photosynthesis, carbon isotope discrimination, epiphytes, hemiepiphytes, and δ13C
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Clusia is a widely distributed neotropical genus with 321 currently described species. This remarkable genus is the only one known to contain trees sensu stricto with CAM photosynthesis. To survey the occurrence of CAM in Clusia species from Colombia, we determined the leaf stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of 568 specimens from 114 species deposited in 12 Colombian herbaria. In the vast majority of specimens, δ13C values indicated that C3 photosynthesis was the principal contributor to carbon gain. δ13C values typical of strong CAM (less negative than -20‰) were observed in only five species, in four of them for the first time. All samples with CAM-type isotopic signatures were collected below 1,000 m a.s.l., whereas species with predominantly C3 occurred from sea level to 3,500 m a.s.l. Together with information already available in the literature, we conclude that CAM is present in 22% (35/156) of the species of Clusia investigated thus far.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public