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3172. Chigger mites (Acarina: Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Cuba
- Creator:
- de la Cruz, J. and Daniel, M.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Acarina, chigger mites, Leeuwenhoekiidae, bats, and Cuba
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The present paper comprises a systematic survey of the chigger mites (Acarina: Leeuwenhoekiidae) collected from bats and bat guano in Cuban caves in 1965-1985. Wagenaaria similis is recorded for the first time in Cuba. The first hosts known for Ischnothrombium diploctenum are noted. Antrohoekia inexpectala, g.n., sp. n., a parasite of bats, is described.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3173. Chill injury at alternating temperatures in Orchesella cincta (Collembola: Entomobryidae) and Pyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae)
- Creator:
- Hanč, Zdeněk and Nedvěd, Oldřich
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, conference publication, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Third European Workshop of Invertebrate Ecophysiology (1998 : Birmingham, Česko), zoologie, fyziologie živočichů, ekofyziologie, hmyz, Collembola, Orchesella cincta, ploštice, Pyrrhocoris apterus, přežívání, mortalita, teplotní stresy, mráz, 591.5, 061.3, and 595.2/.7
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Survival and Lt50 after exposures at constant low temperature were compared to the values obtained at alternating temperatures in two active (summer acclimated) temperate terrestrial arthropods. The experimental regimes used interruptions - daily transfers from the lower temperature to various higher temperatures for two hours or to one high temperature for Various durations. In both species the alternating conditions improved survival, implying reparation of the chill injury. In the collembolan Orchesella cincta, there was a maximum Lt50 when the higher exposure temperature was equal to the temperature of rearing (19°C). In the bug Pyrrhocoris apterus, Lt50 increased strongly with increasing higher temperature from 0 to 15°C, and was subsequently constant over the entire physiological range suitable for development (to 35°C). Exposure at 0°C was harmful if continuously applied, but survival increased, relative to a constant exposure at -5°C, if the temperature alternated between -5 and 0°C., Zdeněk Hanč, Oldřich Nedvěd, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3174. Chilling tolerance and early vigour-related characteristics evaluated in two Miscanthus genotypes
- Creator:
- Fonteyne, S., Lootens, P., Muylle, H., van den Ende, W., De Swaef, T., Reheul, D., and Roldan-Ruiz, I.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- photosynthesis, bioenergy crop, chlorophyll fluorescence, cold tolerance, leaf growth analysis, low temperature stress, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- A long growing season, mediated by the ability to grow at low temperatures early in the season, can result in higher yields in biomass of crop Miscanthus. In this paper, the chilling tolerance of two highly productive Miscanthus genotypes, the widely planted Miscanthus × giganteus and the Miscanthus sinensis genotype ‘Goliath’, was studied. Measurements in the field as well as under controlled conditions were combined with the main purpose to create basic comparison tools in order to investigate chilling tolerance in Miscanthus in relation to its field performance. Under field conditions, M. × giganteus was higher yielding and had a faster growth rate early in the growing season. Correspondingly, M. × giganteus displayed a less drastic reduction of the leaf elongation rate and of net photosynthesis under continuous chilling stress conditions in the growth chamber. This was accompanied by higher photochemical quenching and lower nonphotochemical quenching in M. × giganteus than that in M. sinensis ‘Goliath’ when exposed to chilling temperatures. No evidence of impaired stomatal conductance or increased use of alternative electron sinks was observed under chilling stress. Soluble sugar content markedly increased in both genotypes when grown at 12°C compared to 20°C. The concentration of raffinose showed the largest relative increase at 12°C, possibly serving as a protection against chilling stress. Overall, both genotypes showed high chilling tolerance for C4 plants, but M. × giganteus performed better than M. sinensis ‘Goliath’. This was not due to its capacity to resume growth earlier in the season but rather due to a higher growth rate and higher photosynthetic efficiency at low temperatures., S. Fonteyne, P. Lootens, H. Muylle, W. van den Ende, T. de Swaef, D. Reheul, I. Roldan-Ruiz., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3175. Chilling-induced reduction of photosynthesis is mitigated by exposure to elevated CO2 concentrations
- Creator:
- Arena, C. and Vitale, L.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, chilling, elevated CO2, partitioning of absorbed light to PSII, photosynthetic rate, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- This work aimed to evaluate if chilling stress may be mitigated by elevated CO2 (EC) in Beta vulgaris L. plants. Photosynthetic rate was measured at 21% and 2% O2 after a short-term exposure of 5 h at four different treatments: 360 μmol(CO2) mol-1/25°C (AC); 360 μmol(CO2) mol-1/4°C (AC+LT); 700 μmol(CO2) mol-1/25°C (EC); 700 μmol(CO2) mol-1/4°C (EC+LT). Compared to AC+LT, EC+LT plants showed higher values of CO2 fixation, photochemical activity, and Rubisco amount. These latter invest a higher portion of photosynthetic electron flow to O2, differently from AC+LT plants that promote the regulated thermal dissipation processes. In EC+LT plants, the photosynthetic electron flow to O2 acts as a safety mechanism against the excess of absorbed light, upon return to prechilling conditions, allowing photosynthetic apparatus to maintain its efficiency. In AC+LT plants, the increase of thermal dissipation processes was not adequate to guarantee the PSII photoprotection and the photosynthetic recovery after chilling., C. Arena, L. Vitale., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3176. Chimaerula bonai sp. n. (Cestoda: Dilepididac) from the bare-faced ibis, Phimosus infuscatus (Lichtenstein) (Aves: Threskiornithidae) in Paraguay
- Creator:
- Georgiev, Boyko B. and Vaucher, Claude
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cestoda, Dilepididae, Chimaerula, Phimosus infuscatus, and Paraguay
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Chimaerula bonai sp. n. is described from the small Intestine of Phimosus infuscatus (Lichtenstein) in Paraguay. The new species differs from the other two species of Chimaerula Bona, 1994, i.e., Chimaerula woodlandi (Prudhoe, 1960) and Chimaerula leonovi (Belogurov et Zueva, 1968), mainly by the intermediate number of rostellar hooks (30-34 compared to 42-46 in the former and 20-22 in the latter), longer rostellar hooks (31-34 pm versus 26 pm and 19-21 pm, respectively), shorter cirrus sac (58-82 pm versus 158-201 pm and 134-183 pm, respectively) and the absence of rosethorn spines in the cirrus armament. Modifications in the generic diagnosis of Chimaerula are proposed in order to conform it with some peculiarities of the new species (i.e., the relatively small and thin cirrus, the absence of rosethom spines in its armament and the small cirrus sac).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3177. Chimpanzees, Bonobos, & humans: A contrast in behavior & evolutionary significance
- Creator:
- Trubits Ryan J.
- Format:
- 7-17, print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, biography, historické články, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Pan troglodytes--psychologie--růst a vývoj, Pan paniscus--psychologie--růst a vývoj, chování zvířat, agrese, antropologie fyzická, psychologie srovnávací, ženské pohlaví, mužské pohlaví, zvířata, komunikace zvířat, ekosystém, and biologická evoluce
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Antropologové uznávají jak blízkou podobnost, tak i v ýrazné rozdíly mezi lidmi a lido opy, a z nic h jmenovitě šimpanzi a b onoby. Vedle uznání zjevných biologických charakteristik bylo také třeba, aby primatologové prozkoumali psychologické a sociální podobnosti mezi lidským živočichem a d věma druhy rodu Pan . Jane Goodallová byla průkopnicí dlouhodobého pozorování divokých šimpanzů na k rátkou vzdálenost v j ejich přirozených prostředích. Výsledky převratných výzkumů Harolda Coolidge a F ranse de Waala přispěly podobným způso - bem k p ochopení a p orozumění bonobů. Tyto studie zřetelně svědčí o n ápadném kontrastu mezi agresivním šimpanzem a mír umilovným bo - nobem. Náš vlastní druh nadto sdílí některé psychologické a s ociální aspekty s o běma zmíněnými pongidy. Antropologové tedy dnes mohou s jistotou zasadit všechny tři druhy do evolučního rámce., Anthropologists recognize both the close similarities and distinct differences between the human species and the great apes, especially the chimpanzee and the bonobo. Besides acknowledging the obvious biological characteristics, primatologists needed to also inves - tigate the psychological and social similarities between the human animal and the two Pan species. Jane Goodall pioneered the close-range and long-term observations of wild chimpanzees in their natural habitats. Likewise, Harold Coolidge and Frans de Waal contributed to un - derstanding and appreciating bonobos as a r esult of their ground-breaking research. These studies clearly attest to a s triking contrast between the aggressive chimpanzee and the peaceful bonobo. Furthermore, our own species shares some psychological and social aspects with both of these pongids. Consequently, anthropologists can now confidently place all three species within an evolutionary framework., Ryan J. Trubits, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3178. Chinas religionen
- Creator:
- Dvořák, Rudolf
- Publisher:
- Verlag der Aschendorffschen Buchhandlung
- Format:
- print and viii, 216 s.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Náboženství Dálného východu. Indická náboženství. Hinduismus. Buddhismus, Laozi, 604 př. Kr.-531 př. Kr, 6. století př. Kr, filozofové, myslitelé, taoismus, učení taoismu, čínská náboženství, starověká Čína, 221, 221.3, 221.3-1/-9, (048.8), 5, and 22/24
- Language:
- German
- Description:
- T. 2, Lao-tsï und seine Lehre, von Rudolf Dvořák., and KČSN
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3179. Chirurg a noblesa - úvodník
- Creator:
- Pafko, Pavel
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, úvodníky, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- P. Pafko
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3180. Chirurgická léčba akromioklavikulární luxace: Tahová cerkláž versus hákovitá dlaha
- Creator:
- Tuček, Michal, Chochola, Antonín, Vaněček, V., and Bušková, K.
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, srovnávací studie, and TEXT
- Subject:
- dospělí, lidé, lidé středního věku, mladý dospělý, staří, prospektivní studie, akromioklavikulární kloub--chirurgie--radiografie--zranění, dislokace--chirurgie--radiografie, rozsah kloubních pohybů, výsledek terapie, pooperační komplikace, hojení fraktur, kostní destičky--škodlivé účinky--využití, kostní dráty--škodlivé účinky--využití, fraktury - fixace vnitřní--metody--přístrojové vybavení--statistika a číselné údaje, osteolýza--etiologie--komplikace, and hook plate
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Úvod: Cílem prospektivní randomizované studie bylo porovnání tahové cerkláže a hákovité dlahy při léčbě AC luxací, především z hlediska funkčních a radiologických výsledků. Metoda: Soubor tvořilo 80 pacientů s akutní akromioklavikulární (AC) luxací typu 3, 4 a 5 Rockwoodovy klasifikace. Diagnóza byla stanovena na základě klinického (defigurace a instabilita) a rtg vyšetření (AP a zátěžové rtg). Tahovou cerkláží (TC) bylo ošetřeno 40 pacientů a hákovitou dlahou (HD) rovněž 40 pacientů. Hodnocení bylo prováděno v průběhu jednoho roku po operaci na základě rtg snímků a Constant score. Výsledky: Constantovo skóre 3 měsíce od operace činilo průměrně u TC 84 bodů a u HD 88 bodů. Po 1 roce od operace byl výsledek shodně 93 bodů u obou skupin. V souboru HD se hodnota skóre zvýšila mezi 2 a 4 týdny od operace z 56 na 78 bodů. V 71 případech bylo pooperační postavení AC kloubu a implantátu hodnoceno jako správné. U 6 případů jsme nalezli malpozici Kirschnerových drátů a ve 3 případech horizontální rozšíření AC kloubu. Redislokace v rozsahu 50–100 % šíře kosti akromia byla na rtg snímku patrná u 4 pacientů (10 %) ze skupiny TC a u 5 pacientů (13 %) ze skupiny HD. Viditelnou osteolýzu distální plochy akromia jsme nalezli u 83 % pacientů s HD. Komplikace jsme zaznamenali u 30 % pacientů s TC a u 5 % pacientů s HD. Závěr: Hákovitá dlaha i tahová cerkláž jsou srovnatelnými metodami při léčbě AC luxace hodnocené radiologicky a klinicky po 3 měsících a 1 roce od operace. Hákovitá dlaha má nižší počet komplikací a umožňuje časnější plnou zátěž a hybnost než TC. U TC doporučujeme odstranění implantátu za 8 týdnů, dobu 6 týdnů považujeme za příliš krátkou pro zhojení měkkých tkání. U HD je vhodné odstranění do 3 měsíců vzhledem k subakromiálnímu dráždění a tlakové osteolýze., Introduction: The aim of the prospective randomized study was to compare tension wire cerclage and hook plate in the treatment of AC dislocation, primarily from the viewpoint of functional and radiological results. Method: The cohort comprised 80 patients with acute acromioclavicular (AC) dislocation of types 3, 4 and 5 of Rockwood classification. The diagnosis was based on the clinical (disfiguration and instability) and radiographic examination (AP and stress radiograph). Forty patients were treated with tension band wiring (TBW) and another 40 with a hook plate (HP). Evaluation was performed during one year after the surgery based on radiographs and the Constant score. Results: The mean Constant score 3 months after the surgery was 84 points for TBW and 88 points for HP. One year after the surgery, the result was the same in both groups: 93 points. In HP group the score increased from 56 to 78 points between 2 and 4 weeks from the surgery. In 71 cases the postoperative position of the AC joint and implant was assessed as correct. Malposition of Kirschner wires was recorded in 6 cases and horizontal widening of the AC joint in 3 cases. Redislocation of up to 50−100% of the width of acromion was shown by radiograph in 4 TBW patients (10%) and in 5 HP patients (13%). A visible osteolysis of the distal surface of acromion was found in 83% of patients with HP. Complications were recorded in 30% of TBW patients and in 5% of HP patients. Conclusion: Based on radiological and clinical results assessed 3 months and 1 year after the surger, the hook plate and tension band wiring are comparable treatment methods for AC dislocation. The hook plate is associated with a lower complication rate and allows earlier full weight bearing and mobility than tension wire cerclage. In TBW we recommend to remove the implant after 8 weeks; 6 weeks are in our view too short a period for the healing of soft tissues. In HP it is suitable to remove the hardware by 3 months due to potential subacromial irritation and pressure-induced osteolysis., and M. Tuček, A. Chochola, V. Vaněček, K. Bušková
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public