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1502. Evaluating the role of intestinal parasites in the high rates of irritable bowel syndrome in South America: a pilot study
- Creator:
- Vasquez-Rios, George, Machicado, Jorge D, Gamero, Maria T, Pezua, Adriana, Betancourt, Angel B, Terashima, Angelica, and Marcos, Luis A
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parazitické organismy, tračník, parasitic organisms, colon, Jižní Amerika, South America, soil-transmitted helminths, Blastocystis sp., functional gastrointestinal diseases, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- There is limited data on the role of intestinal parasites in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in South America. We evaluated the association between intestinal parasitism and IBS status in Peru. Intestinal parasites were detected in 43% of the IBS cases and in 51% of the controls (P = 0.4). After excluding those infected by any parasite, the IBS prevalence remained high (22%; P = 0.7). No statistically significant difference was noted between IBS cases and controls in terms of monoparasitism, biparasitism or multiparasitism. Furthermore, the protist Blastocystis sp. was inversely associated with IBS., George Vasquez-Rios, Jorge D. Machicado, Maria T. Gamero, Adriana Pezua, Angel B. Betancourt, Angelica Terashima, Luis A. Marcos., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1503. Evaluation of calcium channel blockers as potential hepatoprotective agents in oxidative stress injury of perfused hepatocytes
- Creator:
- Hassan Farghali, Eva Kmoníčková, Halka Lotková, and Martínek, J.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, verapamil, diltiazem, Tertbutyl hydroperoxide, hepatoprotection, ATPase, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calcium channel blockers on tertbutyl hydroperoxide (TBH) induced liver injury using isolated perfused rat hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were immobilized in agarose threads and perfused with Williams E medium. Hepatocyte injury was induced by the addition of tertbutyl hydroperoxide (1 mM) to the perfusion medium 30 min after the addition of either verapamil or diltiazim. Hepatocyte injury was observed by monitoring the functional and metabolic competence of hepatocytes or by ultrastructural morphological examination of hepatocytes. Verapamil (0.5 mM) reduced lactate dehydrogenase leakage in TBH-injured hepatocytes as compared to the controls (154± 11 % vs. 247± 30 %). Lipid peroxides production was reduced after verapamil pretreatment as compared to the controls and oxygen consumption was increased by pretreatment of hepatocytes with verapamil. Verapamil pretreatment increased the protein synthesis activity at both levels of granular endoplasmic reticulum and free polysomes in cytoplasm and decreased ATPase activity. Diltiazem was qualitatively effective as verapamil. It is concluded that in hepatocyte oxidative injury, calcium channel blockers exhibited hepatoprotective properties. The hepatoprotective effect of calcium channel blockers was accompanied by a decrease in ATPase activity, which may implicate a normalization of Ca2+i after TBH intoxication., H. Farghali, E. Kmoníčková, H. Lotková, J. Martínek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1504. Evaluation of cardiac effects of the new antineoplastic drug - dimethoxybenfluron - in the rabbit
- Creator:
- Jarmila Macháčková, Michaela Adamcová, Yvona Mazurová, Radomír Hrdina, and Milan Nobilis
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kardiomyopatie, cardiomyopathy, cardiac troponin T, daunorubicin, dimethosybenfluron, antineoplastic drugs, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cardiotoxicity ranks among the most serious adverse effects of some cytostatics. The cardiac effects of repeated i.v. administration of a new antineoplastic agent, dimethoxybenfluron (once a week, 10 administrations), were investigated in rabbits with respect to cardiac function and the release of cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Different doses of dimethoxybenfluron were administered to two groups of animals (12 mg/kg; n = 7 and 24 mg/kg; n = 6) and compared with either a control group (saline 1 ml/kg; n = 6) or a group with experimentally induced cardiomyopathy (daunorubicin 50 mg/m2; n = 13). In daunorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, cTnT levels in animals with premature deaths were significantly higher (0.31±0.11 mg/l) in comparison with the surviving animals (0.04±0.03 mg/l). However, cardiac TnT levels after the administration of dimethoxybenfluron in both doses were within the physiological range (lower than 0.1 mg/l) during the whole experiment as it was in the control group. The lack of cardiotoxicity of this new antineoplastic drug was supported by the absence of alterations in PEP:LVET ratio, left ventricle dP/dtmax or histological heart examination as well as by the fact that no premature death of animals occurred following repeated administration of dimethoxybenfluron. It is possible to conclude that no signs of cardiotoxicity were observed following repeated i.v. administration of dimethoxybenfluron., J. Macháčková, M. Adamcová, Y. Mazurová, R. Hrdina, M. Nobilis., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1505. Evaluation of ECG time intervals in a rabbit model of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: a useful tool for assessment of cardioprotective agents
- Creator:
- Anna Potáčová, Michaela Adamcová, Čajnáková, H., Hrbatová, L., Martin Štěrba, Popelová, O., Tomáš Šimůnek, Přemysl Poňka, and Vladimír Geršl
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, troponiny, physiology, troponins, chelátor železa, ECG, troponin T, iron chelator, anthracyclines, daunorubicin, dexrazoxane, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to analyze the ECG time intervals in the course of the development of chronic anthracycline cardiomyopathy in rabbits. Furthermore, this approach was employed to study the effects of a model cardioprotective drug (dexrazoxane) and two novel iron chelating compounds - salicylaldehyde isonicotinoyl hydrazone (SIH) and pyridoxal 2-chlorobenzoyl hydrazone (o-108). Repeated daunorubicin administration induced a significant and progressive prolongation of the QRS complex commencing with the 8th week of administration. At the end of the study, we identified a significant correlation between QRS duration and the contractility index dP/dtmax (r=-0.81; P<0.001) as well as with the plasma concentrations of cardiac troponin T (r=0.78; P<0.001). In contrast, no alterations in ECG time intervals were revealed in the groups co-treated with either dexrazoxane or both novel cardioprotective drugs (SIH, o-108). Hence, in this study, the QRS duration is for the first time shown as a parameter suitable for the non-invasive evaluation of the anthracycline cardiotoxicity and cardioprotective effects of both well established and investigated drugs. Moreover, our results strongly suggest that novel iron chelators (SIH and o-108) merit further study as promising cardioprotective drugs against anthracycline cardiotoxicity., A. Potáčová, M. Adamcová, H. Čajnáková, L. Hrbatová, M. Štěrba, O. Popelová, T. Šimůnek, P. Poňka, V. Geršl., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1506. Evaluation of endothelium-protective effects of drugs in experimental models of endothelial damage
- Creator:
- Viera Kristová, Milan Kriška, Pavel Babál, Djibril, M. N., Slámová, J., and Kurtanský, A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, models of endothelial dysfunction and damage, endothelium-protective effects, sulodexide, pentoxifylline, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Endothelium-protective properties of pharmacological agents may be assessed by using different experimental models of endothelial dysfunction or injury. The model of endothelial dysfunction induced by vessel perfusion with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was used for evaluation of pentoxifylline (PTX) effects on vasoconstrictor responses to noradrenaline (NA) in the rabbit renal artery. Addition of PMN into the perfusion solution significantly increased the responses to NA at all doses. PTX administration (10-5 mol.l1) significantly diminished the constrictor responses to NA in vessels perfused with PMN+PTX when compared to the responses in PMN-perfused vessels (at dose 0.1 m g: 32.25 vs. 14.25, at dose 1 m g: 51 vs. 27.75 (p<0.01), at dose 10 m g 74.25 vs. 39.75 (p<0.05), all values expressed as median of perfusion pressure in mm Hg). The model of endothelial damage induced by repeated NA administration in 5 doses (10-50 m g of NA) was used for evaluation of the endothelium-protective effect of sulodexide (SLX). It was found that SLX (120 U/l) significantly decreased the number of desquamated endothelial cells (EC) compared to the control group (controls: 131.4± 20.1 EC, +SLX: 83.3± 13.8 EC, p<0.01). These results confirmed the favorable endothelium-protective effects of pentoxifylline and sulodexide in the two experimental models., V. Kristová, M. Kriška, P. Babál, M. N. Djibril, J. Slámová, A. Kurtanský., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1507. Evaluation of full seismic moment tensor from isotropic, CLVD and double-couple components
- Creator:
- Kolář, Petr
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, seizmicita, seismicity, evaluation of full seismic moment tensor, point source representation, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Formulas for full seismic moment tensor composition are present, i.e. moment tensor is express as a function of ISO, CLVD, DC, strike, dip, rake, where ISO is amount of isotropic part, CLVD is amount of compensated liner-vector dipole and DC is amount of pure double couple. Two forms of final formulas are given: i, two matrixes multiplication, ii, extension of "classical" formulas for 6 independent moment tensor elements., Petr Kolář., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1508. Evaluation of granite weathering in the Jeroným Mine using non-destructive methods
- Creator:
- Ledniká, Markéta and Zdeněk Kaláb
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, zvětrávání, žuly, doly, weathering, granites, mines, ultrasonic pulse velocity, Schmidt hammer, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The paper presents the results of experimental examination of the weathering grade of granite rock mass in the medieval Jeroným Mine (Czech Republic). This mine is declared as a cultural heritage site of the Czech Republic therefore, non-destructive methods for determination of the Schmidt hammer rebound value and the ultrasonic pulse velocity were used to minimize negative impact on the historical workings during in situ exploration. Weathering grade of selected parts of the rockmass in underground spaces was classified visually according to the assumed classification (Hencher and Martin, 1982 in Vahed et al., 2009) and the above mentioned measurements were performed in these parts. Results show that the rebound value and the ultrasonic pulse velocity are decreasing with increasing weathering grade for all investigated parts. Therefore this result is possible to use as a supplementary method for evaluation of weathering grade of rock massif in this mine., Markéta Lednická and Zdeněk Kaláb., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1509. Evaluation of hepatic 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity by cortisone acetate test in young adults with diabetes mellitus type
- Creator:
- Kateřina Šimůnková, Richard Hampl, Hill, M., Lubomír Kříž, Jana Vrbíková, Hana Kvasničková, and Karel Vondra
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kortizol, diabetes mellitus, cortisol, cortisone, cortisone acetate test, peripheral metabolism of glucocorticoids, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cortisone acetate test was performed in twelve young adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 1, after dexamethasone administration to suppress endogenous cortisol production. Previous screening revealed that all of the subjects had peak cortisol responses in the range from subnormal to normal, as determined by a low-dose Synacthen test. The aim was to find out whether these patients would exhibit different conversion of cortisone to cortisol by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Using multifactorial ANOVA the following significant relationships were obtained between cortisol or cortisol/cortisone ratio measured during the test and other para meters examined a) before dexamethasone suppression and b) du ring the test: a) Cortisol at 120 th minute negatively correlated with daily insulin dose and positively with basal aldosterone. Cortisol/cortisone ratio at 60th, 120th, 180th, and 240th minute negatively correlated with basal aldosterone/plasma reni n activity ratio, urinary free cortisol/24 hours and positively with basal dehydroepindrosterone sulphate. b) Cortisol at 120th minute negatively correlated with suppressed basal serum glycemia; cortisol/cortisone ratio during the whole test negatively correlated with supressed basal ACTH. The examination of peripheral metabolism of cortisol using cortisone acetate test in patients with di abetes mellitus type 1 showed adaptive changes of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenace activity associated with altered cortisol tissue supply., K. Šimůnková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1510. Evaluation of iridociliary and lenticular elasticity using shear-wave elastography in rabbit eyes
- Creator:
- Detorakis, Efstathios T., Drakonaki, Eleni E., Ginis, Harilaos, Karyotakis, Nikolaos, and Pallikaris, Ioannis G.
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, časopisecké články, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zvířata, atropin--farmakologie, corpus ciliare--účinky léků--patofyziologie--ultrasonografie, elasticita--účinky léků--fyziologie, elastografie, ženské pohlaví, čočka oční--účinky léků--patofyziologie--ultrasonografie, miotika--farmakologie, mydriatika--farmakologie, pilokarpin--farmakologie, and králíci
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- INTRODUCTION: A previous study has employed shear-wave ultrasound elastographic imaging to assess corneal rigidity in an ex-vivo porcine eye model. This study employs the same modality in vivo in a rabbit eye model in order to assess lens, ciliary body and total ocular rigidity changes following the instillation of atropine and pilocarpine. METHODS: Ten non-pigmented female rabbits were examined. Measurements of the lens, ciliary body and total ocular rigidity as well as lens thickness and anterior chamber depth were taken with the Aixplorer system (SuperSonic Imagine, Aix-en-Provence, France) with the SuperLinear™ SL 15-4 transducer in both eyes at baseline as well as after pilocarpine and atropine instillation. The IOP was also measured with the TonoPen tonometer. RESULTS: Changes in rigidity in the examined areas following atropine instillation were statistically not significant. Ciliary body rigidity was significantly increased whereas lens and total ocular rigidity were significantly reduced following pilocarpine instillation. The decrease in lens rigidity following pilocarpine was significantly associated with the respective increase in ciliary body rigidity. CONCLUSIONS: Shear-wave ultrasound elastography can detect in vivo rigidity changes in the anterior segment of the rabbit eye model and may potentially be applied in human eyes, providing useful clinical information on conditions in which rigidity changes play an important role, such as glaucoma, pseudoexfoliation syndrome or presbyopia. and E. T. Detorakis, E. E. Drakonaki, H. Ginis, N. Karyotakis, I. G. Pallikaris
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public