In the article the results of repeated satellite positional measurements of station VYHL of the Sněžník Network over period 1994-2006 are presented. Altogether 17 Brno University of Technology measuring campaigns were carried out and evaluated. The observation data (acquired mostly with Leica GPS receivers) were processed with the scientific Bernese GPS Software and the commercial Leica SKI-Pro software packets. Unified procedure for campaign data processing including the alignement of the resulting positions to respective EUREF Permanent Network weekly solutions had been adopted. Only the stability in horizontal direction was analysed. Positional stability of the VYHL station was considered in respect to the surrounding IGS, EPN, and local stations which were used for a local reference frame definitions, at three different levels. First level information was obtained from relations to surrounding stations of the Sněžník Network in distances up to 10 km, second level represent the relations to nearest EPN stations in distances about 100 km, and finally third level represent the relations to surrounding IGS Network stations in distances about 300 - 400 km. Another approach to VYHL stability assessment was the an alysis of slope distances time series from VYHL to neighbouring GPS stations. Outlined are also possibilities of exploitation of the recently completed CZEPOS Network., Otakar Švábenský and Josef Weigel., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
In this paper, results from the long-term monitoring of two deep-seated slope deformations are presented. These deformations are considered typical of the types of landslide that occur in the high mountains of the Western Carpathians. The localities are situated in similar geological settings and this has enabled direct comparison of their development over the past 30 years. The monitoring has been undertaken using the extensometric gauges, TM71. At the Parohy Site, results from the scarp area show a significant vertical displacement trend of 0.07 mm per year. At the Štrochy Site, results from the crown area show a horizontal crack opening trend of 0.015 mm per year. Monitoring is ongoing at both sites., Miloš Briestenský, Blahoslav Košťák, Josef Stemberk and Jozef Vozár., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The static analyses and assessment of the technical condition of historical buildings in the Prague Castle Area are based on observational methods to gather the basic information about the behaviour of structures. The monitoring involves a combination of different methods of surveying, crack, inclination and temperature measurements together with the monitoring of dynamic effects of traffic and nearby tunnelling activities. These methods were enhanced by line-wise measurements using a high-precision sliding micrometer and inclinometer to assess the role of subsoil and to discover potential very slow slope movements in inclined parts of the area. The problems connected with long-term stability of historical buildings are further studied with the use of static analyses and numerical models of selected buildings in the area., Jaromír Procházka, Jan Záleský, Tomáš Jiřikovský and Jan Salák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Před více než 150 lety Josef Loschmidt, později uznávaný fyzik, publikoval práci, v níž velice jasným a správným způsobem znázornil strukturu téměř čtyř stovek převážně organických chemických sloučenin a zejména jako první objasnil cyklickou strukturu benzenu. Bohužel tato jeho práce byla přehlížena a postupně zapomenuta, v evidentní neprospěch dalšího vývoje organické strukturní chemie., More than 150 years ago Josef Loschmidt, later a distinguished physicist, published a booklet in which he clearly and correctly depicted the structure of almost four hundred mainly organic chemical compounds, and above all deduced the cyclic structure of benzene. Unfortunately, this work was disregarded and gradually forgotten, which had a negative impact on the later development of organic chemistry., Miroslav Novák., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Advanced atherosclerotic changes can often resist even to very aggressive treatment. Although basic mechanisms of its origin and development are known, some important steps in this process are still waiting for more detailed explanation. Therefore, in addition to already proved aggressive lowering of LDL cholesterol, appropriate timing of atherosclerosis treatment is of the essence. Revealing different stages of atherosclerotic process, less or more sensitive to treatment is of primary importance; however, its detection is complicated by several facts including not exactly identifiable periods of quiescence and progression of atherosclerotic process. One of populations, study of which could add valuable information regarding this problem , are women in menop ausal transition. Previously unsuccessful therapy with hormone replacement therapy is restudied with focus on the time of/after menopause. Now, it is supposed to be favorable in women soon, approximately less than 8 years, after menopause. In addition, the same principle - optimal timing of the intervention of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, especially lipids, could be also of importance. Therefore, menopausal transition could be optimal period for the intervention in women at risk. However, this a pproach is to be proved by evidence from controlled prospective studies focused on lifestyle and/or pharmacological intervention., J. Piťha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Domoic acid (DA) is a potent marine neurotoxine present in seafood. Intoxication by DA causes gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhoea and also the so-called amnesic shellfish poisoning (inflicting memory impairment and seizures). Since exposure to non-convulsive doses is relevant to the human health, we investigated the effect of low dose DA administration in adult Wistar rats. Rats were administered with DA at the dose 1.0 mg/kg and their behavior was monitored for one hour in three sessions. The first session started immediately after DA administration. The second and third session started one and two weeks later. After the third session, the histochemical analysis of the hippocampi of the animals was conducted (Fluoro-Jade B, bis-benzimide). DA increased time spent by locomotion and distance travelled in the second half of the first session and this effect was pronounced during the second and third session. Exploratory rearing was decreased by DA administration in the first half of the first session. DA influenced the grooming in biphasic manner (decrease followed by an increase of time spent by grooming). This biphasic trend was observed even two weeks after the DA administration. Histochemistry of DA treated rats did not confirm the presence of apoptotic bodies, Fluoro-Jade B positive cells were not found neither in CA1 nor CA3 area of the hippocampi. Our study revealed that a low dose of DA affect short and long-term the spontaneous behavior of rats without inducing neuronal damage., M. Schwarz, K. Jandová, I. Struk, D. Marešová, J. Pokorný, V. Riljak., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a very rare, atypical myofibroblastic tumor with fibromatosis-like features with predilection mostly in head and neck region. LGMS occurs primarily in adult patients with a slight male predominance. Only few cases of LGMS affecting the larynx have been reported in literature to this date. We describe a case of low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the larynx in a 40-year-old male patient. The clinicopathological characteristics, immunohistochemical findings and treatment are discussed. and P. Kordač, D. H. Nikolov, K. Smatanová, D. Kalfeřt
a1_The effect of low-salt diet on phospholipid composition and remodeling was examined in rat colon which represents a mineralocorticoid target tissue. To elucidate this question, male Wistar rats were fed a low-salt diet and drank distilled water (LS, low-salt group) or saline instead of water (HS, high-salt group) for 12 days before the phospholipid concentration and fatty acid composition of isolated colonocytes were examined. The dietary regimens significantly influenced the plasma concentration of aldosterone which was high in LS group and almost zero in HS group. Plasma concentration of corticosterone was unchanged. When expressed in terms of cellular protein content, a significantly higher concentration of phospholipids was found in LS group, with the exception of sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) accounted for more than 70 % of total phospholipids in both groups. A comparison of phospholipid distribution in LS and HS groups demonstrated a higher percentage of PE and a small, but significant, decrease of PC and SM in LS group. The percentage of phosphatidylinositol (PI), PS and cardiolipin (CL) were not affected by mineralocorticoid treatment. With respect to the major phospholipids (PE, PC), a higher level of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and lower levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were detected in PC of LS group. The increase of PUFA predominantly reflected an increase in arachidonic acid by 53%. In comparison to the HS group, oleic acid content was decreased in PC and PE isolated from colonocytes of the LS group. Our data indicate that alterations in phospholipid concentration and metabolism can be detected in rats with secondary hyperaldosteronism., a2_The changes in phospholipid concentration and their fatty acid composition during fully developed effect of low dietary Na+ intake may reflect a physiologically important phenomenon with long-term consequences for membrane structure and function., L. Mrnka, O. Nováková, F. Novák, E. Tvrzická , J. Pácha., and Obsahuje bibliografii