Associations between different infectious agents and obesity have been reported in humans for over thirty years. In many cases, as in nosocomial infections, this relationship reflects the greater susceptibility of obese individuals to infection due to impaired immunity. In such cases, the infection is not related to obesity as a causal factor but represents a complication of obesity. In contrast, several infections have been suggested as potential causal factors in human obesity. However, evidence of a causal linkage to human obesity has only been provided for adenovirus 36 (Adv36). This virus activates lipogenic and proinflammatory pathways in adipose tissue, improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and hepatic steatosis. The E4orf1 gene of Adv36 exerts insulin senzitizing effects, but is devoid of its pro-inflammatory modalities. The development of a vaccine to prevent Adv36- induced obesity or the use of E4orf1 as a ligand for novel antidiabetic drugs could open new horizons in the prophylaxis and treatment of obesity and diabetes. More experimental and clinical studies are needed to elucidate the mutual relations between infection and obesity, identify additional infectious agents causing human obesity, as well as define the conditions that predispose obese individuals to specific infections., V. Hainer, H. Zamrazilová, M. Kunešová, B. Bendlová, I. Aldhoon-Hainerová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The functional antagonism between obestatin and ghrelin in the testis is under investigation. We investigated the ability of obestatin to counteract the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on basal and stimulated testosterone (T) secretion in vitro. Testicular strips from adult rats were incubated with 10 ng/ml and 100 ng /ml of obestatin alone, ghrelin alone and obestatin + ghrelin. Obestatin modulation of stimulated T secretion was evaluated by incubation of testicular samples with 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml obestatin, ghrelin and obestatin + ghrelin in the absence and presen ce of 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). T concentrations in the hCG treated groups were significantly (P<0.0001) higher than those in the control groups. Obestatin caused a significant increase in basal T secretion in a dose-dependent manner; however, obestatin at the both 10 ng /ml and 100 ng/ml significantly (P<0.0001) in creased hCG-stimulated T secretion. In contrast, ghrelin in a dose-dependent manner significantly (P<0.001) decreased both basal and hCG-induced T secretion by testicular slices. Obestatin opposed the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on T secretion under both basal and hCG-stimulated conditions at all doses tested. In conclusions, administration of obestatin was able to antagonize the inhibitory effect of ghrelin on testosterone secretion in vitro ., T. Afsar, S. Jahan, S. Razak, A. Almajwal, M. Abulmeaty, H. Wazir, A. Majeed., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Obezita 2. a 3. stupně a přidružené komorbidity zvyšují pravděpodobnost sexuálních poruch. Vliv má nejen prostá obezita, ale zvláště její metabolické komorbidity, dále omezení pohybová, hormonální dysbalance a v neposlední řadě i psychika obézního. Negativní vliv obezity na sexualitu lze nalézt ve třech základních rovinách: v rovině psychické, sociální a zdravotní. Cíl studie: Posoudit sexuální spokojenost u obézních pacientek před a po bariatrickém výkonu. Metodika: 60 obézních pacientek vyplnilo dotazníky sexuální spokojenosti před bariatrickým výkonem, za 6 měsíců a za 12 měsíců po tomto výkonu, a tedy po významné váhové redukci. Závěr: Výrazná redukce hmotnosti dosažená pomocí bariatrických výkonů implikovala snížení sexuálních poruch u žen, a dokonce srovnání s normou., Obesity of 2nd and 3rd degree and associated comorbidities increase the probability of sexual disorders. Not only obesity has an influence, but especially its metabolic comorbidities, motion restrictions, a hormonal dysbalance and last but not least, the psyche of obese patient. The negative impact of obesity on sexuality can be found in three basic levels: psychological, social, and health. Objective: To assess sexual satisfaction in obese women before and after bariatric surgery Methods: 60 obese women completed the questionnaire of a sexual satisfaction before a bariatric procedure, 6 months and 12 months after the procedure, i.e. after a significant weight reduction. Conclusion: A significant weight reduction achieved through bariatric procedure implied a reduction on sexual dysfunction in women, and even equalization with the standard., and Dita Pichlerová, Jitka Herlesová, Petr Weiss