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3992. Romeo a Julie

Creator:
William Shakespeare and František Doucha
Publisher:
Nákladem Musea království Českého
Format:
print, text, regular print, and 127 s. ; 17 cm
Type:
model:monograph and TEXT
Subject:
Anglické drama, anglicky psané, 821.111-2, (0:82-21), and 25
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
[William Shakespeare] ; přeložil František Doucha, Přeloženo z angličtiny, Nakladatelské údaje a údaje o edici z bibliografického katalogu 19. stol., and Pod názvem: (Druhý překlad)
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3993. Röntgenová analýza rozhraní v multivrstvových zrkadlách

Creator:
Jergel, Matej, Šiffalovič, Peter, Majková, Eva, and Luby, Štefan
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fyzika, physics, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
This paper describes the application of X-ray specular reflectivity and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering methods for complex characterization of randomly rough interfaces in multiplayer mirrors. The capability of the microscopic layer growth model to estimate thermal stability and scale interface properities is demonstrated here for an ultra-short period W/B4C mirror. The information obtained is not only crucial for practical applications of mirrors but also brings new knowledge relevant to interface physics., Článok popisuje aplikáciu metód röntgenovej spekulárnej reflektivity a malouhlového röntgenového rozptylu pri šikmom dopade (GISAXS) na komplexnú charakterizáciu náhodne drsných rozhraní v multivrstvových zrkadlách. Na príklade interferenčného multivrstvového zrkadla W/B4C s vel'mi malou periodou sú ukázané možnosti analýzy tepelnej stabiIity a korelačných a škálovacích vlastností rozhraní v rámci mikroskopického modelu rastu vrstiev. Získané informácie sú určujúce pre praktické aplikácie zrkadla a prinášajú tiež nové poznatky z fyziky rozhraní., Matej, Jergel, Peter Šiffalovič, Eva Majková, Štefan Luby., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3994. Röntgenová reflektometria lipidových membrán

Creator:
Nováková, Eva
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
lipidy, biofyzika, měření, lipids, biophysics, measurement, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Metóda založená na meraní odrazivosti röntgenového žiarenia pri dopade pod malými uhlami na povrch skúmanej vzorky sa stala dôležitým nástrojom v biofyzikálnom výskume. Uplatňuje sa pri skúmaní vlastností tenkých organických vrstiev lipidov, proteínov a iných biopolymérov, surfaktantov atď. V článku je podaný krátky výklad fyzikálnej podstaty tejto metódy a jej aplikácie pri štúdiu štruktúrnych parametrov dvojzložkových membránových modelových systémov líšiacich sa v zložení lipidov a vo fázovom stave., In recent decades, X-ray reflectometry, an experimental technique based on measuring the reflected X-ray intensity from surfaces upon illumination under small angles, became an important tool in biophysical research. It is often used for the investigation and study of properties of thin organic lipid layers, proteins and other biopolymers, surfactants, etc. In the presented article, we introduce the teoretical foundations of this physical method and its applications. In particular, we discuss our recent experimental study of structural parameters of double-compound membrane model systems, which differ in lipid composition and phase state., Eva Nováková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3995. ROS production is increased in the kideny but not in the brain of dahl rats with salt hypertension elicited in adulthood

Creator:
Martina Vokurková, Hana Rauchová, Řezáčová, L., Ivana Vaněčková, and Josef Zicha
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypertenze, fyziologie, hypertension, physiology, dahl rats, lipid peroxidation, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPT) oxidase, reactive oxygen species, salt hypertension, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Enhanced production of superoxide radicals by nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in the brain and/or kidney of salt hypertensive Dahl rats has been proposed to participate in the pathogenesis of this form of experimental hypertension. Most information was obtained in young Dahl saltsensitive (DS) rats subjected to high salt intake prior to sexual maturation. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate whether salt hypertension induced in adult DS rats is also accompanied with a more pronounced oxidative stress in the brain or kidney as compared to Dahl salt-resistant (DR) controls. NADPH oxidase activity as well as the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and conjugated dienes (oxidative index), which indicate a degree of lipid peroxidation, were evaluated in two brain regions (containing either hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus or rostral ventrolateral medulla) as well as in renal medulla and cortex. High salt intake induced hypertension in DS rats but did not modify blood pressure in DR rats. DS and DR rats did not differ in NADPH oxidase-dependent production of ROS, TBARS content or oxidative index in either part of the brain. In addition, high-salt diet did not change significantly any of these brain parameters. In contrast, the enhanced NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production (without significant signs of increased lipid peroxidation) was detected in the renal medulla of salt hypertensive DS rats. Our findings suggest that there are no signs of enhanced oxidative stress in the brain of adult Dahl rats with salt hypertension induced in adulthood., M. Vokurková, H. Rauchová, L. Řezáčová, I. Vaněčková, J. Zicha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3996. ROS scavenger decreases basal perfusion pressure, vasoconstriction and NO synthase activity in pulmonary circulation during pulmonary microembolism

Creator:
Mizera, R., Daniel Hodyc, and Jan Herget
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, plicní hypertenze, plicní embolie, oxid dusnatý, volné radikály, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism, nitric oxide, free radicals, ROS scavenger, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Two mechanisms contribute in the development of pulmonary hypertension in pulmonary embolism (PE) - obstruction of pulmonary blood vessels and vasoconstriction. We hypothesize that hypoxia, increased shear stress and/or activation of gathered leukocytes in the PE may cause a release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore our aim was to determine the influence of the ROS scavenger Tempol on pulmonary hypertension and to d escribe NO synthase activity and production of NO oxidative products (NOx) after PE. In general anesthesia sephadex microspheres suspended in PSS were applied in right jugular vein as the pulmonary microembolism. Than we measured in isolated salt solution -perfused lungs the changes in perfusion pressure, activity of NO synthase and NOx plasma concentration in 7 groups of rats: C: control group (n=5), CN: C + sodium nitroprusside (SN) (n=5), EN: PE + SN (n=5), ETN: Tempol + PE + SN (n=5), CL : C + L -NAME (n=5 ), EL: PE + L-NAME (n=5), ETL: Tempol + PE + L -NAME (n=5). Tempol was applied intraperitoneally before PE. Animals that received Tempol (groups TN, TL) had significantly lower basal perfusion pressure than those which did not rec eive Tempol (EN, EL). Overa ll we measured a higher decrease of perfusion pressure than in the control group (C) after applica tion of SN. Administration of L-NAME after PE (EL) increased the pressure more than in the control group (NL). NOx concentration was higher after PE. We found that preventive administration of Tempol decreases the increase in perfusion pressure after PE. PE increased NO release and concentration of NOx., R. Mizera, D. Hodyc, J. Herget., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3998. Rosiglitazone influences the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules and CD14 receptor in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Creator:
Tomáš Štulc, Svobodová, H., Krupičková, Z., Radka Doležalová, Iuri Marinov, and Richard Češka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, rosiglitazone, cell adhesion molecules, lipopolysaccharide receptor, leukocytes, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased inflammatory response, which may contribute to atherosclerosis progression. Experimental results demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity of glitazones; their effect on leukocyte adhesion molecules has not been studied to date. We therefore studied the effect of rosiglitazone treatment on leukocyte surface expression of adhesion molecules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and compared our results with findings in healthy subjects. 33 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 32 healthy controls were included; patients were examined at baseline and after 5 months of rosiglitazone treatment (4 mg /d). Leukocyte expression of adhesion molecules LFA-1, CD 18 and ICAM-1 was quantified using flow cytometry; in addition, CD14 (lipopolysaccharide receptor) expression was analyzed as a marker of nonspecific immunity. The expression of examined molecules at baseline was higher in patients compared to controls. Despite only mild decrease in blood glucose, ro siglitazone treatment induced substantial decrease of CD18 and CD14 expression and borderline decrease of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression (on monocytes only). We thus observed improvement in the expression of leukocyte inflammatory markers after rosiglitazone treatment. This effect is supposed to be mediated by direct effect of rosiglitazone on PPAR- γ receptors on leukocytes., T. Štulc, H. Svobodová, Z. Krupičková, R. Doležalová, I. Marinov, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3999. Rosuvastatin ameliorates inflammation, renal fat accumulation, and kidney injury in transgenic spontaneously hypertensive rats expressing human c-reactive protein

Creator:
Šilhavý, J., Václav Zídek, Vladimír Landa, Miroslava Šimáková, Petr Mlejnek, Olena Oliyarnyk, Hana Malínská, Ludmila Kazdová, Mancini, M., and Michal Pravenec
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, rosuvastatin, kidney damage, CRP, transgenic, spontaneously hypertensive rat, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Recently, we derived “humanized” spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-CRP) in which transgenic expression of human CRP induces inflammation, oxidative stress, several features of metabolic syndrome and target organ injury. In addition, we found that rosuvastatin treatment of SHR-CRP transgenic rats can protect against pro-inflammatory effects of human CRP and also reduce cardiac inflammation and oxidative damage. In the current study, we tested the effects of rosuvastatin (5 mg/kg) on kidney injury in SHR-CRP males versus untreated SHR-CRP and SHR controls. All rats were fed a high sucrose diet. In SHR-CRP transgenic rats, treatment with rosuvastatin for 10 weeks, compared to untreated transgenic rats and SHR controls, was associated with significantly reduced systemic inflammation which was accompanied with activation of antioxidative enzymes in the kidney, lower renal fat accumulation, and with amelioration of histopathological changes in the kidney. These findings provide evidence that, in the presence of high CRP levels, rosuvastatin exhibits significant anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and renoprotective effects., J. Šilhavý, V. Zídek, V. Landa, M. Šimáková, P. Mlejnek, O. Oliyarnyk, H. Malínská, L. Kazdová, M. Mancini, M. Pravenec., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

4000. Rotunda sv. Václava na Matfyzu - setkání archeologie s dalšími vědními obory

Creator:
Čiháková, Jarmila, Vlach, Martin, Veverka, Luboš, Vlachová, Ilona, and Světlík, Ivo
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fyzika, archeologie, physics, archaelogy, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Pokrok, který přineslo 20. století v exaktních vědách, se druhotně projevil také v archeologii. Snaha poznat aspekty vývoje společnosti z pohledu, který nepostihly písemné prameny, vedla k těsné spolupráci s přírodovědnými a technickými obory při řešení otázek v rámci záchrany a rekonstrukce malostranské rotundy sv. Václava na Matematicko-fyzikální fakultě Univerzity Karlovy., The progress made in exact sciences in the 20th century is also evident in archaeology. The effort to grasp aspects of society’s development from a point untouched by written sources has led to a close cooperation between natural-scientific and technical disciplines during the preservation and restoration of St. Wenceslas Rotunda at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University., Jarmila Čiháková, Martin Vlach, Luboš Veverka, Ilona Vlachová, Ivo Světlík., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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