Changes in the temperature dependence of the maximum carboxylation capacity (VCmax) of Rubisco during thermal acclimation of PN remain controversial. I tested for acclimation of the temperature dependence of VCmax in quinoa, wheat, and alfalfa. Plants were grown with day/night temperatures of 12/6, 20/14, and 28/22°C. Responses of PN to substomatal CO2 (Ci) and CO2 at Rubisco (Cc) were measured at leaf temperatures of 10-30°C. VCmax was determined from the initial slope of the PNvs. Ci or Cc curve. Slopes of linear regressions of 1/VCmaxvs. 1/T [K] provided estimates the activation energy. In wheat and alfalfa the increases in activation energy with growth temperature calculated using Ci did not always occur when using Cc, indicating the importance of mesophyll conductance when estimating the activation energy. However, in quinoa, the mean activation energy approximately doubled between the lowest and highest growth temperatures, whether based on Ci or Cc., J. A. Bunce., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The thermal resistance is one of the important behaviors of the construction and thermal insulating materials. This study describes foamed material made from fluidized bed ash (FBA) in combination with natural smectite having a filler function. The foaming effect was insured by addition of metallic aluminum to the FBA/smectite mixture. Highly calcareous FBA containing calcium oxide creates during slaking processes an alkali reaction and with aluminum develops foaming agent - hydrogen. Study of thermal resistance was a part of experiments directed on heat insulating materials and article presents test results of this life gardening material. Specific attention was focused on differences between the results of chemical analyses and the crystal phases identified by X-ray diffractions. The paper presents hypothesis of chained alumina-silicates acting as bonding agent confirmed by infra-red spectroscopy and assuring together with calcium sulfates high thermal resistance even under condition of direct flame attack., Tomáš Hanzlíček and Ivana Perná., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Daniconema anguillae Moravec et Koie, 1987 larvae measuring 1.64-1.76 mm were occasionally found in considerable numbers in the fins and subcutaneous connective tissue of approximately 50% of eel Anguilla anguilla (L.) sampled from Lake Balaton, Hungary. The larvae were noted for their slender body, very long tail with a rounded tip, a densely transversely striated cuticle, and the presence of boring tooth and large kidney-shaped amphids on the cephalic end. The larvae could easily be recovered from the above mentioned organs by placing them into isotonic saline solution. No disease signs or pathological changes attributable to the larval infection could be observed. The only histological indication of host reaction was the appearance of macrophages adhering to the body surface of larvae and of cells with spherical nucleus in areas around the larvae. A possible life cycle pattern of I), anguillae is discussed.
The aim of our study was to explore the effects of regular aerobic exercise on anthropome tric, biochemical and hormonal parameters and mRNA expression of selected factors involved in metabolic regulations in subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with obesity. Fifteen obese wome n with arterial hypertension underwent a three-month exercise program consisting of 30 min of aerobic exercise 3 times a we ek. Fifteen healthy lean women with no intervention served as a control group. Obese group underwent anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) biopsy and 24-h blood pressure monitoring at baseline and after three months of exercise, while control group was examined only once. At baseline, obese group had increased SCAT expression of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines relative to control group. Three months of regular exercise improved anthropometric parameters, decreased CRP, blood glucose and HOMA-IR, while having no significant effect on lipid profile and blood pressure. Gene expressions in SCAT were not affected by physical activity with the exce ption of increased aquaporin-3 mRNA expression. We conclude that three months of regular exercise decrease systemic subc linical inflammation with only minor influence on the blood pressure and the endocrine function of subcutaneous fat., P. Trachta, J. Drápalová, P. Kaválková, V. Toušková, A. Cinkajzlová, Z. Lacinová, M. Matoulek, T. Zelinka, J. Widimský Jr., M. Mráz, M. Haluzík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Helminthological examination of two rare, endemic species of plethodontid salamanders, the Texas blind salamander (Typhlomolge rathbuni Stejneger) and the San Marcos dwarf salamander (Eurycea nana Bishop), from the subterranean waters and springs in San Marcos, Hays County, central Texas, USA revealed the presence of three new, previously undescribed species of intestinal helminths: Brachycoelium longleyi sp. n. (Trematoda) from T. rathbuni (type host) and E. nana, Dendronucleala americana sp. n. (Acanthocephala) from T. rathbuni, and Amphibiocapillaria texensis sp. n. (Nematoda) from T. rathbuni', nematode larvae probably belonging to the last named species were recorded from E. nana. Brachycoelium longleyi can be distinguished from all congeners primarily by its conspicuously small eggs among other features, whereas A. texensis differs from its closest congeneric species A. tritonispunctati mainly in the structure of mature eggs and a markedly shorter spicule. Dendronucleala americana is the first species of the family Dendronucleatidae from the New World, differing from its Asian congeners mainly in the number and arrangement of proboscis hooks, number of giant hypodermic nuclei and in the position of testes.
Three-dimensional electrogram was used for analysis of ischemia manifestation in isolated hearts. Three parameters based on spherical coordination system were used in this study - amplitude of electrical heart vector, its azimuth and elevation. The parameters were presented as a trend. This approach reflected ischemic changes in a manner which can be easily observed and evaluated. Ischemia was analysed in seven isolated hearts of New Zealand white rabbits. It was found that (a) ischemia changes heart electric vector, (b) ischemic preconditioning has a protective effect, and (c) both of these findings can be clearly observed by the proposed method., O. Janoušek ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy