Thanks to intensive monitoring of butter - flies and specifically of the critically en - dangered Clouded Apollo Butterfly (Parnassius mnemosyne) over the last 10 years, we can provide more accurate information about recent distribution and habitat requi - rements. and Petr Vlašánek, Martin Konvička, Jiří Beneš.
Škeblička plochá (Pseudanodonta complanata), dříve škeble plochá, se v České republice vždy považovala za vzácného a především řídce se vyskytujícího mlže, a to i v tocích málo ovlivněných člověkem. V současnosti je znám výskyt škebličky v povodí Dunaje z Dyje a z Moravy těsně nad ústím Dyje, ojedinělý nález pochází i z Malé Bečvy. V povodí Odry byla zaznamenána pouze z vlastní Odry. V povodí Labe je výskyt častější a lze ji stále nalézt v již zmiňované Orlici, Lužnici a Nežárce, dolní Otavě, dolním toku Berounky, Úhlavy, Radbuzy, z Ohře na dolním toku pod Terezínem nebo v Sázavě. Výskyt byl potvrzen i na několika místech ve Vltavě v Praze a níže po proudu. Největším překvapením však byl nález početné populace ve Vltavě v Praze v r. 2007 a 2009 při snížení hladiny, které provedlo Povodí Vltavy. Odhadovaný počet jedinců škebličky ve Vltavě v Praze činil 150 000 (Douda a kol. v tisku)., The Depressed River Mussel (Pseudanodonta complanata) has always been considered in the Czech Republic to be a rare inhabitant of larger rivers. First data on its occurrence were provided more than 140 years ago. The species is known from the Dyje and lower Morava (Danube drainage basin), Odra River (Odra drainage basin) and more data exist from the Elbe drainage basin from the rivers Elbe, Vltava, Ohře, Berounka, Úhlava, Radbuza, Lužnice, Nežárka, Otava and Orlice. The largest population with an estimated number of about 150,000 individuals has been found in the Vltava in Prague., and Luboš Beran.
A tiny terrestrial snail Vertigo geyeri is an example of a typical late-glacial relict in the central Europe. It inhabits exclusively treeless fens and is highly endangered in most of its area and internationally protected. So far, only three recent and highly isolated populations have been found in the Czech Republic. The first one, a small calcareous spring fen located in the V Dubech Nature Monument was however damaged by construction of drainage canals and summer droughts in the last few years and the future survival of this population is doubtful. New sites found in 2011 (the Louky u Jeníkova NM and the Ratajské rybníky NM) document that the species is still extant in the Czech Republic at more sites than previously thought., Jan Myšák, Michal Horsák, Jaroslav Č. Hlaváč., and 4 barev. fot.
Steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone and the sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone are the main regulators of insect development; however, it is unclear how they interact in the regulation of metamorphic events. Using the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we show that the juvenile hormone analogue fenoxycarb affects the cascade of ecdysone regulated genes that control the programmed cell death in the larval midgut. Morphological changes that occur during cell death were investigated by studying cross-sections of the midgut stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Apoptosis-specific DNA fragmentation was detected using TUNEL assay. Expression patterns of genes ATG8 and ATG12, which were used as indicators of autophagy, and genes of the ecdysone-regulated gene cascade were examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Fenoxycarb application on day 0 of the 5th larval instar extended the feeding period and postponed programmed cell death in mature larval midgut. This effect was probably due to a delay in ecdysone secretion and associated changes in gene expression were mostly not a direct response to the fenoxycarb. However, differences in the gene expression patterns in the control and fenoxycarb treated insects during the prepupal and early pupal stages indicated that fenoxycarb may also exert a more direct effect on some genes of the ecdysone regulated gene cascade., Ebru Goncu, Ramazan Uranli, Osman Parlak., and Obsahuje bibliografii