Assaultive acts committed by people with a mental illness is a major public health issue that affects patients with their families, law enforcement authorities, and the public at large. Failure to provide treatment is in fact a major predictor of assaultive acts in patients with schizophrenia living in the community. Considering that the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia have similar sociocultural characteristics, these factors may be reflected in individuals with schizophrenia who have committed serious assaultive acts in Uzbekistan. Objectives: The aim of the work was to identify the sociocultural and clinical characteristics of schizophrenic representatives of indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia who have committed violent crimes in Uzbekistan and have been found insane in regard to their offence, and to compare these subjects to ones belonging to the other ethnic groups. Material and methods: The data were collected in 2010–2013 in the Tashkent High Security Psychiatric Hospital via face-to-face interviews and also from the patients’ charts and from forensic psychiatric examination statements. Results: The sample consisted of 201 individuals. The sample was 90.1 percent (n = 181) male, with a predominance of the paranoid schizophrenia subtype according to the ICD-10 criteria. Of the subjects, 174 ones (86.6%) were representatives of the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, and 27 ones (13.4%) were representatives of other ethnic groups. The duration of illness among the subjects belonging to the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia was less than in the other group; the individuals were rarely referred to psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness. A positive correlation between violence and various psychotic symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder, has also been demonstrated in this group. European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 Conclusions: Sociocultural characteristics, such as delayed referral for psychiatric care because of the popularity of alternative medicine and the stigma attached to mental illness among the indigenous ethnic groups of Central Asia, frequently factor into committing serious acts of assault because of developing psychotic symptoms at the early stages of disease despite their sufficient socioenvironmental adaptation., Saida Yеshimbetova, Bulat Chembaev, and Literatura
The aim of our study was to determine the significance of lymphocyte-platelet adhesion (LPA), interleukins, transforming included 139 pregnant women aged between 17 and 27 years (21.3±4.22 years). GH was diagnosed in 119 women after 20 weeks of pregnancy. 20 patients (control group) were with physiological course of pregnancy. The distribution of patients by groups was carried out according to the level of blood pressure (BP) in accordance with ICD-10 (Geneva, WHO, 2002). The survey was conducted at the moment of detection pregnancy from 7 to 10 weeks and in dynamics of I, II and III trimesters of gestation. In the dynamics of gestation, were studied the number of desquamated endothelial cells circulating in the systemic circulation (CECs), nitrates levels, the adhesion of platelets by estimation their ability to form co-aggregates with lymphocytes by determining the percentage of lymphocytes aggregates with thrombocytes (lymphocyte-platelet plugs), at risk of hypertensive disorders, especially after 20-22 weeks of gestation and later, lymphocytes ability to platelets adhesion is rose, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO level are increased. The direct relationship indicates their importance in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women., Salomat Aleksandrovna Matyakubova, and Literatura
Protection of reproductive health of adolescents and youth, i.e., individuals aged 15 to 24 years, is a primary goal of a family planning service as according to WHO estimations (1995), the youth aged 15 to 24 years makes over 14% of the overall population in developed countries. Disorders of a menstrual cycle take a leading place among gynaecologic pathologies of adolescent girls. At the same time, according to WHO data, about 30% of schoolchildren suffer from iron deficiency anemia, which takes one of the first places in the structure of somatic pathologies. On the basis of maternity welfare centre No. 2, 2,456 girls aged 15 to 18 years were examined, and the frequency of occurrence and structure of disorders of a menstrual cycle was studied. In addition to standard methods of examination, all patients undertook USI of small pelvis organs; indicators of a hormonal status, complete blood test, transport fund, and iron stocks were investigated. The study included 285 girls, with various disorders of a menstrual cycle, who had no history of iron deficiency states and exacerbation of chronic diseases. The control group included 69 adolescent girls with a regular menstrual cycle. The most common type of disorder of a menstrual cycle in subjects examined was dysmenorrhea I. Iron deficiency anaemia was found in 5.3% of the subjects examined. The frequency of occurrence of moderate anaemia and latent deficiency of iron of 46.7% and 11.9%, respectively, attracts our attention. Well-timed diagnostics of the states mentioned in adolescent girls can prevent subsequent development of reproductive and somatic pathologies., Ibragim Kasym-Hojaev, Gulnora Kamalova, Habiba Negmatshaeva, Hurmatoy Khankeldieva, and Literatura
Východiska: Implementace mezinárodní klasifikace NANDA-I v podmínkách neonatologické péče v ČR. Cíl: Cílem práce bylo validovat diagnostické prvky ošetřovatelských diagnóz 00104 Neefektivní kojení a 0106 Snaha zlepšit kojení vybraným souborem neonatologických sester – expertek a zjistit, které diagnostické prvky považují za hlavní a které za vedlejší. Metody: Pro obsahovou validaci byl využit Fehringův model validity diagnostického obsahu (Diagnostic Content Validity Model). Soubor tvořilo 26 neonatologických sester – expertek. Za expertky byly považovány sestry pracující na neonatologii, které získaly minimálně 4 body dle modifikovaných Fehringových kritérií. Pro posouzení významnosti diagnostických prvků byl použit měřící nástroj obsahující 43 položek (diagnostických prvků) uvedených v klasifikačním systému NANDA-International. Výsledky: U ošetřovatelské diagnózy 00104 Neefektivní kojení za významné určující znaky (vážené skóre vyšší než 0,80) expertky považovaly: kojenec není schopen správně uchopit prs (0,82). Ze souvisejících faktorů dosáhlo váženého skóre vyšší než 0,80 celkem 3 prvky. U ošetřovatelské diagnózy 0106 Snaha zlepšit kojení váženého skóre vyšší než 0,80 nedosáhl žádný prvek. Závěr: Pro posouzení nespokojenosti nebo potíží matky a dítěte při procesu kojení na oddělení šestinedělí považují expertky za významné 4 prvky z 30, týkající se pouze ošetřovatelské diagnózy 00104 Neefektivní kojení., Background: Implementation of the International Classification of NANDA-I in neonatology care in the Czech Republic. Aim: The aim of the study was to validate the diagnostic elements of nursing diagnoses 00104 Ineffective Breastfeeding and 00106 readiness for inhanced breastfeeding selected file by neonatal nurses-experts and determine which diagnostic elements consider as the main, and which the minor are. Methods: For the content of validation was used Fehring diagnostic content of validity model (Diagnostic Content Validity Model). The sample consisted of 26 neonatal nurses-experts. For expert were considered nurses working in neonatology, which received at least 4 points modified by Fehring standard. To assess the significance of diagnostic elements was used measurement instrument containing 43 items (diagnostic elements) listed in the classification system, NANDA-International. Results: At nursing diagnosis 00104 Ineffective Breastfeeding, the main key features (score > 0, 80) experts considered: the infant isn´t unable to correctly to grasp the breast (0, 82). From the related factors achieve score 0, 80 in all 3 elements. At the nursing diagnosis 00106 Effort to improve breastfeeding weighted score of > 0, 80 reached no character. Conclusion: For the assess of dissatisfaction or problems of mother and child at the process of breastfeeding on postpartum department, specialists considered to be significant of 4 members from 30, concerning only to nursing diagnoses 00104 Ineffective breastfeeding., and Jana Chrásková, Mária Boledovičová
Creation of productive knowledge is important whereas on the base of this knowledge we can diagnose morphologic and morphometric properties of vascular stromal tissues of myocardium under toxic myocarditis on the bases of clinical symptoms. Consequence of this is a proper therapeutic strategy that will have a life importance for the patients., Sayora Akhmedova, and Literatura
V tomto roce uplynulo 25 let od otevření Střediska komplexní terapie psychosomatických poruch v Liberci. Rekapitulujeme okolnosti vzniku, mapujeme teoretické zdroje, ze kterých tým pracoviště vyšel, a na základě autentických dokumentů ilustrujeme vývoj, kterým za čtvrt století na své cestě do neznáma tento projekt prošel. Ambulantní týmové pracoviště zaměřené na psychosomatické pacienty vzniklo na půdě všeobecného lékařství a představovalo neobvyklé řešení v systému zdravotní péče. Při pohledu zpátky se ukazuje, že shodou okolností byly vstupní parametry nastaveny tak šťastně, že tato „porucha“ v systému měla dostatečný potenciál k rozvoji v oblasti, se kterou u nás bylo málo zkušeností a která neměla téměř žádnou podporu oficiálních řídících struktur. Hlavní koncepce pracoviště vznikala v diskusích mezi lékaři a psychology během osmdesátých let, a v době otevření pracoviště byla prakticky hotova. Základní nastavení bio-psycho-sociálního přístupu k pacientům bylo založeno na teorii narativní terapie a rodinné psychosomatiky. Kolem ní se postupně sdružovala řada dalších terapeutických přístupů, gestalt-terapeutický přístup, rogersovský přístup, ericksonovský přístup, psychoanalytické směry, práce s tělem, meditativní směry terapie spojené s jógou, akupunktura a rehabilitace, podle aktuálního složení týmu. Pracovištěm prošlo za 25 let přes 50 pracovníků, terapeutů, lékařů, psychologů, fyzioterapeutů, středního zdravotnického personálu a administrativy. S výjimkou prvních asi tří let prochází pracovištěm stabilně kolem jednoho tisíce pacientů ročně. Lze tedy hovořit o zkušenosti s nejméně 20 000 pacienty trpícími komplikovaným psychosomatickým stonáním. S naším způsobem práce jsme se netajili, vyškolili jsme stovky zdravotnických pracovníků a pomohli jsme založit další podobná pracoviště. Speciálním tréninkem rodinné terapie psychosomatických poruch, akreditovaným pro zdravotnictví, prošlo na 150 lékařů, psychologů a dalších profesí. Další stovky odborníků prošly kurzem o rozhovoru nebo sebezkušenostními výcviky vedenými v gestalt-terapeutickém stylu., This year it has been 25 years since the Complex Therapy Centre of Psychosomatic Disorders in Liberec was opened. We are summarizing the circumstances of the formation, surveying theoretical resources on which the workplace team has been based, and we are illustrating the development on the basis of authentic documents which this project has gone through on its way into the unknown during a quarter of a century. The ambulatory team workplace focused on psychosomatic patients came into existence on the ground of general medicine and represented an unusual solution in the health care system. When looking back it appears that coincidentally, the input parameters were so well-chosen that this „failure“ in the system had sufficient potential for the development in the area with which we had had little experience, and that did not have almost any support of official governance structures. The main workplace concept emerged in the discussions between doctors and psychologists during the eighties, and it was virtually finished at the time of the opening of the workplace. The basic set-up of the bio-psycho-social approach to patients was based on the theory of narrative therapy and family psychosomatics. A number of other therapeutic approaches cropped gradually around it, gestalt therapeutic approach, Rogers’s approach, Erickson’s approach, psychoanalytic trends, work with the body, meditative therapy trends associated with meditation and yoga, acupuncture and rehabilitation, according to the current staff. 45 workers, therapists, doctors, psychologists, physiotherapists, middle medical and administrative personnel have worked in the workplace during 25 years. With the exception of the first three years, about one thousand patients come per year. Therefore it is possible to speak of experience with at least 20 thousand patients with complicated psychosomatic diseases. We have not kept our way of work secret; we have trained hundreds of health workers, and helped found other similar workplaces. 150 doctors, psychologists and other professions have participated in a special training of family therapy of psychosomatic disorders accredited for health care. Other hundreds of experts have participated in a course about a dialogue or in self-experienced trainings coached in gestalt therapeutic style., Chvála V., and Literatura