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15012. Mořic Hruban: od protirakouského aktivismu k přitakání ČSR

Creator:
Marek, Pavel
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Mořic Hruban, political Catholicism, Czechoslovak history, and conservatism
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article is devoted to Mořic Hruban, a notable personality of Czech political Catholicism. His political role during World War I and in the period of the formation of the Czechoslovak Republic is analyzed here. This conservative and traditionally oriented Catholic gradually changed hisattitude towards some crucial questions; the supporter of the Habsburg Monarchy became an advocate of the Republic. Furthermore, he was one of its prominent statesmen and politicians till its downfall in 1938 and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15015. Mormyrogyrodactylus gemini gen. et sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae), a new gyrodactylid from Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Mormyridae) from South Africa

Creator:
Luus-Powell, Wilmien J., Mashego, Sevid N., and Khalil, Lotfi F.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae, Mormyrogyrodactylus, Mormyridae, Marcusenius macrolepidotus, and South Africa
Language:
English
Description:
Mormyrogyrodactylus gemini gen. et sp. n. (Gyrodactylidea: Gyrodactylidae), a viviparous monogenean is described from the skin and fins of Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters) from South Africa. This new genus is unique in having a large cup-shaped cirrus armed with one large needle-like spine and numerous small hair-like spinelets. A peduncular bar is present. The haptor is clearly demarcated from the body and situated on a small pedicle. The haptor has one pair of large anchors, a ventral bar complex, a small dorsal bar and 16 evenly spaced marginal hooks. The ventral bar complex consists of three parts: an inverted U-shaped piece with two semi-attached bars, each bar consisting of a base and an extension. An accessory inverted T-shaped sclerite is present on the posterior rim of the haptor. Mormyrogyrodactylus is the fifth genus of the Gyrodactylidae to be described from Africa.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15016. Morpho-anatomical and physiological leaf traits of two alpine herbs, Podophyllum hexandrum and Rheum emodi in the Western Himalaya under different irradiances

Creator:
Pandey, S., Kumar, N., and Kushwaha, R.
Format:
electronic, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
alpine plants, leaf anatomy, leaf unit per unit leaf area, leaf physiology, mesophyll, net photosynthetic rate, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, oxygenase
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Morpho-anatomical leaf traits and photosynthetic activity of two alpine herbs, Podophyllum hexandrum (shade-tolerant) and Rheum emodi (light-requiring), were studied under field (PAR>2 000 µmol m-2 s-1) and greenhouse (PAR 500 µmol m-2 s-1) conditions. Mesophyll thickness, surface area of mesophyll cells facing intercellular spaces (Smes), surface area of chloroplasts facing intercellular spaces (Sc), intercellular spaces of mesophyll cells (porosity), photon-saturated rate of photosynthesis per unit leaf area (PNmax), and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity decreased in the greenhouse with respect to the field and the decreases were significantly higher in R. emodi than in P. hexandrum. P. hexandrum had lower intercellular CO2 concentration than R. emodi under both irradiances. The differences in acclimation of the two alpine herbs to low irradiance were due to their highly unlikely changes in leaf morphology, anatomy, and PNmax which indicated that the difference in radiant energy requirement related to leaf acclimation had greater impact under low than high irradiance. and S. Pandey, N. Kumar, R. Kushwaha.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15017. Morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of muskmelon genotypes to different degree of water deficit

Creator:
Ansari, W. A., Atri, N., Singh, B., Kumar, P., and Pandey, S.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
meloun cukrový, fotosyntéza, muskmelon, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme, proline, reactive oxygen species, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Morpho-physiological and biochemical analyses were carried out in eight diverse indigenous muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes exposed to different degrees of water deficit (WD). The ability of genotypes MM-7, and especially MM-6, to counteract better the negative effect of WD was associated with maintaining higher relative water content (RWC), photosynthetic rate, efficiency of PSII, and photosynthetic pigments compare to other genotypes. Furthermore, MM-6 showed a better ability to maintain cellular homeostasis than the others. It was indicated by a stimulated antioxidative defense system, i.e., higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, accumulation of nonenzymatic antioxidants together with lower concentration of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. However, the genotypes MM-2 and MM-5 suffered greatly due to WD and showed reduced RWC, photosynthetic rates, pigment content, and exhibited higher oxidative stress observed as lower antioxidant enzyme activities., W. A. Ansari, N. Atri, B. Singh, P. Kumar, S. Pandey., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15018. Morphoanatomy and ecophysiology of tree seedlings in semideciduous forest during high-light acclimation in nursery

Creator:
Calzavara, A. K., Bianchini, E., Mazzanatti, T., Oliveira, H. C., Stolf-Moreira, R., and Pimenta, J. A.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, ecological anatomy, environmental restoration, mesophyll, plant ecophysiology, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
a1_The recomposition of deforested environments demands the acclimation of seedlings in nurseries. This process induces changes in physiological, anatomical, and morphological traits of plants, favouring their establishment after transplantation to the field. The present study aimed to verify the influence of full-sun acclimation on seedling hardiness. For the purpose, leaf gas-exchange, plant anatomical and morphological parameters of three tree species [Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Ravenna (Malvaceae), Croton floribundus Spreng. (Euphorbiaceae), and Cecropia pachystachya Trecul (Urticaceae)], which are used for reforestation in the Brazilian Atlantic biome, were evaluated. Seedlings were grown under 40% of total PPFD (shaded control) and under full sun (acclimated) for 168 days. The acclimation process induced a higher leaf production rate in C. speciosa and C. floribundus, whereas C. pachystachya seedlings replaced their leaves quickly, irrespective of the light conditions. The newly developed leaves of all three species presented a lower area and thicker palisade parenchyma, resulting in a reduced specific leaf area. The seedlings of C. speciosa and C. pachystachya showed increases in light-saturated net photosynthesis and transpiration rates, whereas water-use efficiency generally remained unchanged in all three species. The full-sun acclimated seedlings of C. pachystachya showed a reduced relative growth rate, lower height/stem diameter (H/D) and shoot to root dry mass ratios, characteristics that may result in greater physical resistance and ability for water and nutrient uptake to support the higher transpiratory demand under full sun. The reduction of the H/D ratio also occurred in the acclimated seedlings of C. speciosa., a2_The seedlings of C. floribundus showed few changes during acclimation, but they did not seem to be affected by excessive light. In spite of the observed differences among the three species, all of them developed hardiness characteristics, mainly related to leaf anatomy, which should favour their establishment after transplantation to the field., A. K. Calzavara, E. Bianchini, T. Mazzanatti, H. C. Oliveira, R. Stolf-Moreira, J. A. Pimenta., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15019. Morphological alterations and NO-synthase expression in heart after continuous light exposure of rats

Creator:
Ľudovít Paulis, Važan, R., Fedor Šimko, Oľga Pecháňová, Ján Styk, Pavel Babál, and Pavol Janega
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, myokard, melatonin, myocardium, fibrosis collagen I/II, nitric oxide synthase, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Although exposure to continuous light is associated with hypertension and modulates the outcome of ischemiareperfusion injury, less attention has been paid to its effects on cardiac morphology. We investigated whether 4-week exposure of experimental rats to continuous 24 h/day light can modify cardiac morphology, with focus on heart weight, fibrosis and collagen I/III ratio in correlation with NO-synthase expression. Two groups of male adult Wistar rats were studied: controls exposed to normal light/dark cycle (12 h/day light, 12 h/day dark) and rats exposed to continuous light. After 4 weeks of treatment the absolute and the relative heart weights were determined and myocardial fibrosis and collagen type I/III ratio were evaluated using picrosirius red staining. Endothelial and inducible NO-synthase expression was detected immunohistochemically. The exposure of rats to continuous light resulted in an increase of body weight with proportionally increased heart weight. Myocardial fibrosis remained unaffected but collagen I/III ratio increased. Neither endothelial nor inducible NO-synthase expression was altered in light-exposed rats. We conclude that the loss of structural homogeneity of the myocardium in favor of collagen type I might increase myocardial stiffness and contribute to functional alterations after continuous light exposure., L'. Paulis, R. Važan, F. Šimko, O. Pecháňová, J. Styk, P. Babál, P. Janega., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

15020. Morphological and ecophysiological plasticity in dioecious plant Populus tomentosa under drought and alkaline stresses

Creator:
Lu, Y. W., Miao, X. L., Song, Q. Y., Peng, S. M., and Duan, B. L.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
topol, poplar, alkaline stress, cuttings, drought, plasticity index, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Morphological and ecophysiological traits showed by male and female Populus tomentosa Carr. trees were studied under various degrees of water and alkaline stresses. The results showed that different adaptations to drought and alkaline stresses were adopted by each gender; males possessed a much higher tolerance to both stresses compared to females. In contrast to females, the males exhibited a lower inhibition in total biomass, total leaf area, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, leaf carbon and nitrogen concentrations as well as water- and nitrogen-use efficiency in response to drought and alkaline stresses. Nevertheless, compared to the males, the females showed a higher plasticity in root biomass/shoot biomass ratio, fine root/coarse root ratio, and intrinsic water-use efficiency, indicating that the males and females differed in some of trade-offs between growth and stress defence to maximize water and nitrogen gains under both stress conditions., Y. W. Lu, X. L. Miao, Q. Y. Song, S. M. Peng, B. L. Duan., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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