Development-led excavation in Rousínov in 2017 uncovered a La Tène cemetery in which 30 graves were excavated. Out of these, two exceptional graves, a rich female inhumation and a warrior’s cremation grave, are discussed in detail in this paper. In addition to typological determination of artefacts, the paper includes the results of a survey and conservation work on metal artefacts and anthropological analysis. The inhumation burial of a gracile woman at the age of about 30 years (H823) contained, among other things, a complete bimetallic chain-belt; its furnishing can be dated to LT B2/C1. The warrior’s cremation contained, among other things, an undeformed sword in its scabbard and a spear-head with an exceptionally decorated socket; the grave goods date to LT C1.
Intentional destruction of objects is a rather frequent phenomenon in the Celtic world. In the past, the attention of researchers was primarily focused on damage to weapons. Intentional fragmentation – the breaking of clay vessels – has not yet been sufficiently explored. The subject of the article is these practices documented in La Tène graves in the Carpathian Basin, with a focus on selected cemeteries from the territory of southwest Slovakia (Dubník and Malé Kosihy) and northwest Hungary (Ludas). The author attempts to interpret the reasons for these practices in the context of the funerary rite based on an analysis of ways vessels were intentionally damaged, their position in the grave pit and also the types of these vessels. and Intencionálne ničenie predmetov je u Keltov pomerne častým javom. Pozornosť bádateľov bola v minulosti zameraná predovšetkým na poškodzovanie zbraní. Zámerné rozbíjanie hlinených nádob nebolo dosiaľ dostatočne riešené. Cieľom tohto článku je upriamenie pozornosti na uvedené praktiky doložené v hroboch doby laténskej na území Karpatskej kotliny, so zameraním na vybrané pohrebiská z územia juhozápadného Slovenska (Dubník a Malé Kosihy) a severozápadného Maďarska (Ludas). Autor sa na základe analýzy spôsobov zámerného deštruovania nádob, ich polohy v hrobovej jame, či ich druhovej skladby pokúša aj o interpretáciu dôvodov týchto praktík v súvislosti s pohrebným rítom.
The article presents a brief summary of newly discovered wooden structures in the well-known polycultural site Mohelnice – štěrkovna (also “U cukrovaru” or Za cukrovarem) in the Mohelnice cadastre and its vicinity. Earlier discoveries at this site include Neolithic timbered wells and a sensational find of an oak monoxylon from the La Tène period of the 4th/3rd century BC (dendro 281 or 301 BC). It was found trapped in its home port on the banks of the meandering river Morava and dating has revealed the same age as the absolutely dated simple wooden pole construction. It is the northernmost found monoxylon known in the Czech Republic and also presents the oldest evidence for such use of ships on Czech rivers. The manufacture and use of such ships has been known since the Mesolithic period continuing until modern times. The subsequent exploration of the shores of the Moravičany Lakes banks revealed a number of smaller wooden structures below the water surface, either made up of pointed stakes themselves, or a combination of smaller stakes and branches built into a tapered corridor resembling a structure used for fishing. The latest discovery is a massive oak-fir structure manufactured from stakes, longitudinal and transverse planks and stones, interpretable as a timber trackway, or a bridge. It has been dendrochronologically dated to 1547–1560 and archival sources indicate the structure was repaired in 1645. The structure spans the former meander between Třeština and Mohelnice near one of the mills. The existence of this route is documented on 18th-century maps. Significant discoveries from various times of mainly wooden buildings underscore at least the European significance of the Mohelnice site. It may yield many valuable finds in the future.
V letech 2010–2016 byl prováděn detektorový průzkum v bezprostředním okolí zaniklých cest v k. ú. Křenov (okr. Svitavy, Pardubický kraj, Česká republika). Mimo jiné byl objeven depot sestávající z železné radlice a čepele meče typu Bell-Zemplín, kterou lze zařadit do pozdní doby laténské až časné doby římské. Z prospekce dále pochází hrot meče z doby římské zhotovený technikou damasku. Nálezy s největší pravděpodobností souvisí s překonáváním obtížného úseku na soudobé komunikaci. and A metal detector survey was conducted in the immediate vicinity of defunct routes in the cadastral territory of Křenov (Svitavy district, Pardubice Region, Czech Republic) in 2010–2016. Findsincluded a hoard composed of an iron ploughshare and the blade of a Bell-Zemplín type sword, which can be dated to the period between the Late La Tène and the Early Roman periods. The surveys also produced a pattern-welded sword point from the Roman Iron Age. The finds are most likely related to the successful passage of a difficult section of the route at the time.
The article presents the results of geophysical prospection in the quadrangular enclosure of Markvartice, Jičín district, which was carried out in 2018. The obtained data resulted in new findings about the arrangement of internal buildings within sites of this kind known from the territory of Bohemia. The ascertained form of architectural arrangement of the internal space has exact analogies only in identical types of LT C2–D1 enclosures known from the territory of southern Germany. The questions of its particular form, classification possibilities and importance are discussed. The results also confirm the affiliation of the whole enclosure with La Tène sites, the so-called Viereckschanzen, which was repeatedly disputed in the past. and Článek prezentuje výsledky geofyzikální prospekce čtyřúhelníkového valového areálu v Markvarticích, okr. Jičín, jež byla realizována v roce 2018. Získaná data přinášejí nové poznatky o organizaci vnitřní zástavby těchto areálů známých z českého území. Zjištěná forma architektonického uspořádání vnitřního prostoru má dosud přesné analogie pouze u identických typů ohrazených areálů známých z období LT C2–D1 z oblasti jižního Německa. Otevřeny jsou tak otázky její konkrétní podoby, možností klasifikace i významu. Výsledky zároveň potvrzují příslušnost celého ohrazení k laténským areálům tzv. Viereckschanzen, o níž byla v minulosti opakovaně vedena diskuse.