A simple renewal process is a stochastic process {Xn} taking values in {0,1} where the lengths of the runs of 1's between successive zeros are independent and identically distributed. After observing X0,X1,…Xn one would like to estimate the time remaining until the next occurrence of a zero, and the problem of universal estimators is to do so without prior knowledge of the distribution of the process. We give some universal estimates with rates for the expected time to renewal as well as for the conditional distribution of the time to renewal.
We lift important results about universally typical sets, typically sampled sets, and empirical entropy estimation in the theory of samplings of discrete ergodic information sources from the usual one-dimensional discrete-time setting to a multidimensional lattice setting. We use techniques of packings and coverings with multidimensional windows to construct sequences of multidimensional array sets which in the limit build the generated samples of any ergodic source of entropy rate below an h0 with probability one and whose cardinality grows at most at exponential rate h0.
The study relating to the history of ethnology assesses the importance of a significant memory institution, the Masaryk University Archives in Brno, for the investigations aimed at the research into ethnographical activities developed within 1945-1989 in Moravia, especially in Brno. The essay submits an overview of particular collections which offer a plenty of noteworthy documents about the department of ethnography at the Faculty of Arts at Brno University, its history, educational and research work, leading personalities and study of numerous graduates. Special attention is paid to the personal estate of Professor Antonín Václavík, the larger part of which is stored there.
Instances are proffered where it seems Buddhists have been stimulated by Judeo-Christian material. Openness to wisdom emanating from a non-Indian Buddha is documented already in the Mahāyāna, but the majority of these present instances are taken from Theravāda literature. It seems material emanating from Jews was assimilated before the suttas were finalized. If so, "openness" established before being rationalized and lauded in the Mahāyāna.
In modern society, many people keep working hours different from the standard (9 hours, 5 days a week during conventional time of the day), a regimen leading to sleep deprivation and/or circadian desynchronization, and, consequently, to sleepiness, fatigue, impaired efficiency and ultimately to psychic and somatic complaints. Fortunately, sleepiness-related health and occupational hazards can be kept under control using scientifically tested precautions designed to help maintain wakefulness. Suitable work and rest scheduling and observance of the principles of sleep hygiene are of major importance there. In situations which interfere with sleep, it is possible to use hypnotics or behavioral techniques and melatonin for circadian regimen optimization. In situations when sleep loss is temporarily inevitable, options to be taken into account include work shift shortening, breaks for rest, naps of short duration or administration of vigilance enhancing drugs. In the future, risks associated with sleepiness could be mitigated by means of currently developed technologies for real-time detection of sleepiness.
Rrecise analysis of the orbit of minor planet (1221) Amor, based on all observations made In 1932-1980, shows that in 1956 there was an unexplained event in the motion of the asteroid. Possible interpretations of that fact as well as peculiarities in the long-term motion of Amor in 1650-2170 are discussed. The ephemeris of Amor for 1988 is presented.
Physical exercise instruction sheets are difficult to understand. In general, considerable information is hidden in these types of instruction sheets, which also makes them difficult for machines to understand. Major missing information types include the source and destination location of a human movement. Here we present a Bayesian network to extract the implicit or missing information from typical exercise instruction sheets. We proposed two different kind of Bayesian networks which consists of three and four variables respectively. The network with three variable are designed to for single exercise instruction with single action or pose and the other one designed for single or multiple sentence with two actions or poses. The conditional probability table (CPT) is the backbone of the Bayesian network. At the start, the CPT is updated from our physical exercise instruction sheet corpus (PEISC). Keeping the Action and Bodypart fixed, we have developed our CPT using a unique approach, i.e., crowdsourcing, where we have developed a CPT update system using 13 different exercises consisting of 44 different exercise videos. Using this system based on the rating of a participant of the video the specific variable of that CPT is updated automatically in the Bayesian network. We also updated the Action variable, which consists of 14 different values (action verbs) using crowdsourcing with a human computation approach.
To fulfill the requirements on the laser ranging systems, the soft/hardware package of the Helwan station was significantly modified in period 1982-84. The max. ranging reprate was increased up to 5 pps. The mount pointing accuracy was increased implementing the mechanical inaccuracies software model. The automatical comparison of the time base to the Loran C signal was put into operation.