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17464. Vzťah medzi prežívaným stresom a zmysluplnosťou života u mladých a starších dospelých. Osobnostné črty ako moderátory

Creator:
Peter Halama, Kettner, Katarína, and Lesayová, Lenka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Psychologie, psychologie, zmysel života, percipovaný stres, päť veľkých osobnostných čŕt, meaning in life, perceived stress, big five personality traits, 17, and 159.9
Language:
Czech
Description:
a1_Ciele. Cieľom štúdie bolo analyzovať vzťah medzi percipovaným stresom a životnou zmysluplnosťou na súboroch mladších a starších dospelých a analyzovať možný moderačný efekt osobnostných čŕt v tomto vzťahu. Výskumný súbor. Výskumný súbor zahŕňal dva podsúbory: 303 mladých dospelých s vekovým priemerom 21,56 roka, kde bolo zastúpených 47 % mužov, a 190 starších dospelých s vekovým priemerom 63,91 roka so zastúpením 27 % mužov. Metódy. Na meranie percipovaného stresu bola použitá Škála percipovaného stresu (Cohen et al., 1983). Životná zmysluplnosť bola meraná Škálou životnej zmysluplnosti (Halama, 2002a, 2008) a päť veľkých osobnostných čŕt dotazníkom NEO-FFI, ktorého pôvodní autori sú Costa a McCrae (1992) a autormi slovenskej verzie Ruisel a Halama (2007). Štatistická analýza. Použitá štatistika zahŕňala t-testy pre dva nezávislé súbory na porovnanie rozdielov, Pearsonove korelačné koeficienty na identifikovanie vzťahov medzi premennými a viacnásobnú hierarchickú regresnú analýzu pre identifikáciu moderačného efektu., a2_ Výsledky. Porovnanie podsúborov ukázalo, že starší dospelí skórujú vyššie v prívetivosti aj v svedomitosti a nižšie v percipovanom strese, extraverzii a otvorenosti. Korelačná analýza ukázala v oboch podskupinách stredne vysoké korelácie medzi zmysluplnosťou a percipovaným stresom. Čo sa týka piatich osobnostných faktorov, zmysluplnosť v oboch podskupinách korelovala stredne vysoko s neurotizmom, extraverziou a svedomitosťou. Moderačná analýza u mladých dospelých odhalila ako moderátory vzťahu medzi percipovaným stresom a zmysluplnosťou črty extraverzia a prívetivosť. U starších dospelých to bol neurotizmus. Obmedzenia výskumu. Obmedzenia výskumu sú nelongitudinálny dizajn a dominancia žien v podsúbore starších dospelých., b1_Objectives. The goal of the study was to analyse the relationship between perceived stress and life meaningfulness in two samples: young adults and the elderly, and to analyse moderation role of the personality traits in this relationship. Sample and setting. The research sample included two subsamples: 303 young adults with mean age 21,56 years and 47% of males, and the 190 elderly with mean age 63,91 years and 27% of males. Methods. To measure perceived stress, Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al., 1983) was used. Level of meaning in life was measured by Life Meaningfulness Scale (Halama, 2002a, 2008) and big five personality traits by NEO Five Factor Inventory originally authored by Costa and McCrae (1992) and Slovak version by Ruisel and Halama (2007). Statistical analysis. The statistics used in the study included t-tests for comparisons score across two samples, Pearson correlations for identification of the relationships between measured variables and multiple hierarchical regression analysis for moderation analysis., b2_Results. The comparison analysis showed that the elderly scored higher in agreeableness and conscientiousness, and lower in perceived stress, extraversion and openness. Correlational analysis shows medium correlation between meaningfulness in life and perceived stress in both subsamples. Concerning the big five traits, meaningfulness correlated in both subsamples modestly with neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness. Moderation analysis in young adults revealed that extraversion and agreeableness acted as moderators of the relationship between stress and meaningfulness. In the subsample of the elderly, neuroticism was identified as moderator. Study limitation. The limitations of the study are its non-longitudinal design and the predominance of females in the sample of the elderly., Peter Halama, Katarína Kettner, Lenka Lesayová., and obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17465. Vztah mezi individuálními charakteristikami a vysokoškolským vzděláním: role osobnosti, fyzické atraktivity a sebehodnocení

Creator:
Petra Anýžová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
terciární vzdělávání, sebeúcta, tertiary education, self-esteem, physical attractiveness, personality traits, gender differences, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Focusing on a subject largely neglected in mainstream Czech social stratification research so far, this study seeks to examine to what extent tertiary educational attainment and educational mobility are affected by personal factors, such as personality traits, physical attractiveness, and self-esteem. It is based on data drawn from a large-scale representative survey carried out in the Czech Republic (Neglected Human Capital Dimensions 2015) as the second follow-up to the OECD PIAAC project. The results show that physical attractiveness plays a significant role in tertiary educational attainment, especially in the humanities and social-science disciplines. As for personality traits, Openness to Experience and Extraversion are more beneficial for humanities degrees, whereas Neuroticism significantly decreases a person’s chances of obtaining a degree in science. Conscientiousness and Self-esteem have a positive impact on upward educational mobility. The study also finds that there are some gender differences in the strength of the effect of personality factors, and that this is especially true for the trait of Agreeableness., Petra Anýžová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17467. Vztah vietnamských navrátilců předlistopadové imigrace k československému státu a jeho společnosti

Creator:
Kušniráková, Tereza
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Vietnamese, return migration, Czechoslovak’s migratory experience, relationship to Czechoslovakia, and historical context
Language:
Czech
Description:
Post-WWII geopolitical changes in Indochina and Central & Eastern Europe drastically altered the international relationships of Czechoslovakia. Viet-nam became one of its partners. After the 1954 defeat of the French, the first Northern Vietnamese immigrants came to Czechoslovakia. However, after the Velvet Revolution of 1989 political agreements on cultural cooperation ended, and a return migration began. Nevertheless, the reconsolidation of democracy in the successor states of Czechoslovakia did not bring to an end the long established connection, and spontaneous individual migration started. Since then thousands of persons have come, and the Czech Republic remains one of the most desirable destinations for Vietnamese migrants. This article is the result of a qualitative survey conducted among pre-1989 returnees that was carried out in Vietnam from July 2010 to February 2011. The main task of the study is to frame the migration in a broader historical and political context, and show how the consequences and organized features of pre-1989 migration have shaped the perception of Czecho-slovakia and the returnees’ relationship with it.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17468. Vztah ženy a feudálního pána v českých a slovenských baladách

Creator:
Veliká, Anna
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
ballads, women/girls, and feudal lords
Language:
Czech
Description:
Women/girls are most often portrayed in Czech and Slovak folk ballads in connection with love. In ballads expressing love between feudal lords and common women/girls we can observe different portrayals of women. In these ballads we find women/girls in the position of the feudal lord’s victims as well as in the position of the feudal lord’s wifes to be. Especially in Slovak ballads we can also find women in the position of feudal ladies, which makes up a special category of ballads. These ballads have been divided into three main groups based on the relationship of the woman/girl to the feudal lord: i. Ballads with one-sided love, (where the woman/girl doesn’t return the feudal lord’s love) ii. Ballads with mutual love and iii. Ballads portraying the feudal lady. Generally, the majority of these ballads reflect a historical-social phenomenon: the lower social position of women.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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