Studie Davida Kozla je věnována formě hudební koláže ve vztahu k princpipu mytologického myšlení, stejně jako jejího použití v postmoderní hudební tvorbě., The term neo-mythologism can be used as an interpretative approach to reflect the new 20th-century music paradigm, which helps to explain changes in the understanding of basic structural elements of myth and music. The study identifies certain possible correlations between mythological thinking and music by analysing the concept of collage (bricolage). The underlying theoretical concept employed is Claude Lévi-Strauss’ structural anthropology as proposed in La Pensée Sauvage (1962). Collage is viewed as a manifestation of neo-mythologism and as a narrative in the postmodern musical discourse, which is accompanied by changes in the understanding of the essence of the musical matter and compositional techniques of composers. The compositional treatment of several different layers of the musical structure within a musical collage with a view to conveying a new meaning is in principle akin to how meaning is generated in mythological thinking through the combination of various materials., David Kozel., Rubrika: Studie, and České resumé na s. 192, anglický abstrakt na s. 181.
Příspěvek Ondřeje Maňoura je ohlédnutím za mezinárodní konferencí k výročí 100 let od založení ČSR, která se uskutečnila v Praze ve dnech 30. až 31. května 2018., Ondřej Maňour., Rubrika: Konference, and Cizojazyčné resumé není.
Studie Martina Voříška je věnována hudebnímu životu na zámku v Českém Krumlově v roce 1780. Autor jej sleduje prostřednictvím neobvyklé události. 12. srpna 1780 totiž byla vykradena knížecí pokladna, z níž se ztratilo více než 950 zlatých. V té době ji měl na starosti kancelista a dvorní hudební ředitel Antonín Jan Jüngling. Aby se zbavil z podezření, že byl pachatelem tohoto činu, vytvořil detailní soupis své denní činnosti, díky níž tak zcela mimoděk vznikl unikátní dokument reflektující činnost schwarzenberské kapely v té době. Výňatky z tohoto dokumentu, jež se týkají hudby, jsou citovány v příloze., The article is based on a lengthy report by Anton Johann Jüngling on his own activities on 12 August 1780; Jüngling was at the time the Schwarzenbergs’ music director and also a highly placed official. This unique historical source affords a very detailed look at Jüngling’s daily life as a person and a professional, and in combination with other sources, it also enables the creating of a quite detailed picture of the musical events at the Schwarzenberg court over a period of just under two weeks, when the Schwarzenbergs were staying in Český Krumlov with their guests. The musical activities included theatrical performances, a ball, a private concert with repertoire consisting of orchestral arrangements of music from singspiels currently being performed (Die schöne Schusterin and Die abgeredte Zauberey), and accompaniment for worship services. The study documents that the musicians at the princely court were able to secure the music for most of these occasions, and that they were supplemented or substituted for as needed by hired musicians from the town or the military., Martin Voříšek., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 141-142, anglický abstrakt na s. 117.
Measuring the speed of sound propagation in metals is easy and fast, and is not only for the laboratory. With the use of a smartphone, ruler, rosin, and vice we can measure speeds for steel, brass, aluminium, and plastic. Values differ by a few percent from the tabulated values. Following determination of the density of the material, it is also possible to determine the Young's modulus of elasticity. This method presents an opportunity for students to take physics into their own hands.
Příspěvek Jany Frankové je ohlédnutím za mezinárodní mezioborovou konferencí, která se uskutečnila v Paříži ve dnech 30. listopadu až 2. prosince 2017., Jana Franková., Rubrika: Konference, and Cizojazyčné resumé není.
Studie Marcuse Zagorskiho je věnována dílu hudebního skladatele Karlheinze Stockhausena. Autor se však na něj zaměřuje z netradičního pohledu, protože zkoumá problematiku a způsob poslechu Stockhausenovy hudby., Karlheinz Stockhausen’s theory of listening reflected essential tenets of his creative practice and aesthetic inclinations. He outlined an admirably tolerant and accepting approach to listening and encouraged different listeners to generate different formal models to describe the same music. His method of listening thereby challenged the perceptual reconstruction of known, pre-existing forms that was so important to listening in the preceding 150 years, and this complemented his compositional challenge to another established aesthetic category – that of the closed musical work. By revealing this aesthetic background, this article shows the significance of Stockhausen’s thinking about listening., Marcus Zagorski., Rubrika: Studie, and České resumé na s. 201, anglický abstrakt na s. 193.
Příspěvek Jana Kouby představuje autorovo zastavení nad jeho knihou "Slovník statočeských hymnografů". Věnuje se zde otázce pojmů hymnografie a hymnologie, německým hymnografům a dalším tématům., The article summarises all of the problems with the existing editions of Leoš Janáček’s organ compositions. The indisputable originality of the composer’s musical language, highlighted by his peculiar, inimitable notation and the nearly illegible handwriting that resulted when his hand could not keep up with his thoughts, did not always lead to comprehension of the composer’s intentions. These circumstances also emboldened the efforts of publishers to make the notation of his compositions more intelligible and often to “improve” his works in the best sense of the word. It is the author’s assertion that in spite of the existence of a Complete Critical Edition of the Works of Leoš Janáček and of many other printed editions, we shall still have to wait for an edition of Janáček’s organ works that will correct all of the errors in the musical text and will approach a return to the composer’s notation., Jan Kouba., Rubrika: Informatorium, and Anglický abstrakt na s. 223.
The article focuses on the concerns of Czech expectant parents and their subsequent life difficulties. A qualitative longitudinal methodology was used to study parental experiences for a period of around four years. Three waves of semi-structured interviews were conducted with sixteen dual-earner parental couples who had their first child in 2011 or 2012. An analysis of 93 interviews revealed that the fears of the parents-to-be principally concerned childcare, paid work, free time, the relationships, and health. Actual experience of difficulties in these areas was often mentioned by different respondents from those who had expected to have them. The theory of intensive motherhood was employed to underscore the heavy demands and responsibilities placed on contemporary parents and the difficulties that accompany the use of a child-centred approach. The heavy demands on childcare felt by mothers who adhered to the intensive mothering model were cited as causing difficulties in the everyday lives of parental couples; the fathers mainly complained of a lack of rest and quality time with their partners.
Studie Markéty Kratochvílové je věnována osobnosti hudebního skladatele a dirigenta Otakara Ostrčila, avšak zaměřuje se na jeho ediční činnost. Autorka se zde věnuje Ostrčilově participaci na kritickém vydávání děl Bedřicha Smetany, kterýžto projekt realizoval Zdeněk Nejedlý ve 20. a 30. letech 20. století. Prodanou nevěstou se Ostrčil zabýval od roku 1924 až do své smrti v roce 1935 a edicí se zabýval nejen jako standardní editor, ovšem velmi podrobně se vyjadřoval i k podobě hudební sazby a dalším parametrům edice., The present study familiarises the reader with the activity of the composer and conductor Otakar Ostrčil as a music editor and in particular his work on the critical edition of Bedřich Smetana’s opera Prodaná nevěsta (The Bartered Bride), which was realised as part of the first attempt at publishing a complete works edition of Smetana’s music between 1924 and 1936 under the leadership of Zdeněk Nejedlý. The study is based on correspondence exchanged between Ostrčil and Nejedlý and is placed in the context of efforts to publish Smetana’s works during the first decades of the twentieth century as well as the context of Ostrčil’s life and works., Markéta Kratochvílová., Rubrika: Studie, and České resumé na s. 179-180, anglický abstrakt na s. 169.
The aim of the article is to quantify how often in leading Czech social-science journals (Československá psychologie / Czechoslovak Psychology, Pedagogika/Pedagogy, and Sociologický časopis / Czech Sociological Review) authors choose the wrong procedures to analyse quantitative data. In particular, attention is focused on the incorrect choice of statistical tests, their misinterpretation and mechanical application, and the use of effect sizes, that are so highly recommended nowadays. The basic research period was ten years, from 2005 to 2014, and for the Czech Sociological Review the period was extended back to 1995. The results of the content analysis of published articles (N=363) show that statistical tests are applied quite often to data that are not suitable for statistical tests: this is found in about one-fifth of cases in Czech Sociological Review, one-half in Pedagogy, and more than three-quarters in Czechoslovak Psychology. In addition, authors often make mechanical use of statistical methods or make incorrect interpretations (in over 40% of articles in the Czech Sociological Review over the last 10 years) and there are rarely any substantive interpretations of results (especially in Czechoslovak Psychology). Effect sizes are applied relatively often, but there are also gaps in their usage. It is clear from the results that changes are necessary both in the teaching of quantitative methodology and publishing practices in this subject area.
Research on precarious work and the working conditions of lowwage workers often stresses the role of the labour market or state institutions in either creating or exacerbating already precarious working conditions. However, it often ignores their organisational aspects. At the same time, in organisation studies there is a large body of literature that focuses on internal organisational structures but disregards working conditions. This article is based on a case study of supermarket cashiers and deals with the flexibilisation of their work. Firms use two forms of flexibility as a cost-cutting strategy: numerical and functional flexibility. Numerical flexibility divides workers into different groups according to their work contract. This enables firms to employ as much labour as they need at a particular point in time. In effect firms reduce the number of employees while intensifying the work of the employees they retain. In the case of functional flexibility the duties and responsibilities attached to a job are redefined. In this respect, I show that the duties of the cashiers in my case study are increased beyond the scope of tasks traditionally attached to this occupation and head towards the model of a universal worker. This shift leads to a decline in qualifications that, combined with technological changes, results in the degradation of work. As a result, flexibilisation processes deepen existing asymmetries in employer-employee relationships and thereby enable firms to transfer a significant amount of market risk onto the shoulders of workers. Moreover, the negotiating position of workers remains weak and their wages low.
Příspěvek Jana Hory je věnován edičním zpracováním varhanních kompozic od hudebního skladatele Leoše Janáčka. Autor, jenž je sám výtečným varhaníkem, zde hodnotí jejich úroveň i nedostatky., The article summarises all of the problems with the existing editions of Leoš Janáček’s organ compositions. The indisputable originality of the composer’s musical language, highlighted by his peculiar, inimitable notation and the nearly illegible handwriting that resulted when his hand could not keep up with his thoughts, did not always lead to comprehension of the composer’s intentions. These circumstances also emboldened the efforts of publishers to make the notation of his compositions more intelligible and often to “improve” his works in the best sense of the word. It is the author’s assertion that in spite of the existence of a Complete Critical Edition of the Works of Leoš Janáček and of many other printed editions, we shall still have to wait for an edition of Janáček’s organ works that will correct all of the errors in the musical text and will approach a return to the composer’s notation., Jan Hora., Rubrika: Informatorium, and Anglický abstrakt na s. 213.