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51. Česká společnost pro krajinnou ekologii - udržovatelka oboru v mezinárodních návaznostech

Creator:
Pavel Kovář
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Životní prostředí a jeho ochrana, Mezinárodní asociace krajinné ekologie., Česká regionální sekce, krajinná ekologie, landscape ecology, 2, and 502
Language:
Czech
Description:
Pavel Kovář. and Česká společnost pro krajinnou ekologii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

53. České vězeňství viděné optikou veřejného mínění

Creator:
Veselský, Michal
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Společenské vědy, výzkum veřejného mínění, public opinion polls, prison system, imprisonment, public opinion, 18, and 3
Language:
Czech
Description:
Pro vězení je na rozdíl od jiných institucí příznačné, že za svými zdmi shromažduje chovance nedobrovolně. Veškerý čas a aktivity vězňů jsou striktně strukturovány. Autoritě instituce, která za své svěřence přebírá zodpovědnost a tím pádem i možnost sankcionovat nežádoucí chování, jsou podřízeny veškeré aspekty života (některé aspekty, jako je např. rodinný život, jsou pak ze života v lůně totální instituce zcela vyňaty). Odsouzený má pouze omezený manévrovací prostor pro prosazení svých zájmů. Navíc vězení představuje značnou zátěž nejen pro odsouzené, ale klade vysoké nároky také na vězeňský personál, jenž má za úkol starat se o izolaci a převýchovu vězňů., The article concern on the prison system. In the first part are described attitudes of public opinion towards crime and prison system. Not only in the terms of causes of criminal behavior. It also brings an evaluation of particular conditions and facilities which are available or which would be hypothetically available for prisoners in contemporary Czech prison system. The second part brings information about prison from prisoners point of view. It sums up the particular needs and problems resulting from imprisonment. And the third part comes with a c omparison of prisoners and public opinion attitudes on some moral dilemmas of chosen kinds of human behavior., and Michal Veselský.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

54. České zmije stojí za pozornost

Creator:
Jiří Moravec and Šmíd, Jiří
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, biologie, zmije, kladistika, fylogeneze, Vipera, biology, cladistics, phylogeny, Česko, Czechia, zmije obecná, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek shrnuje současné názory na vnitrodruhové genetické rozrůznění a taxonomii zmije obecné (Vipera berus). Zvláštní pozornost je věnována genetické příslušnosti populací českých zmijí., This article summarizes contemporary knowledge of the intraspecific genetic differentiation and taxonomy of the Common Adder (Vipera berus). Special attention is paid to the genetic status of the Czech adders., and Jiří Moravec, Jiří Šmíd.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

55. Československý endemit Daphnia hrbaceki: jak jsme objevili "hrbáče od Bezdězu"

Creator:
Adam Petrusek and Petr Jan Juračka
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, perloočky, vodní bezobratlí, Kokořín (Česko : oblast), Kokořín Region (Czechia), zooplanktonní korýši, nové druhy, Daphnia hrbaceki, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Perloočky rodu Daphnia jsou intenzivně studovaní vodní bezobratlí. Proto byl pro nás velkým překvapením objev pro vědu nového druhu tohoto rodu v tůni na Kokořínsku. Druh byl pojmenován po významném českém hydrobiologovi Jaroslavu Hrbáčkovi, ale jeho jméno odkazuje i na hrbatý tvar těla. Jeho doposud známé lokality jsou pouze v Čechách a na Slovensku., Species of water fleas that belong to the genus Daphnia have been used intensively in studies as “model organisms”. The discovery of a new Daphnia species in a pool in Central Bohemia was, therefore, a surprise. All known localities of this species, which we named after the prominent Czech hydrobiologist Jaroslav Hrbáček, are restricted to Czechia and Slovakia., and Adam Petrusek, Petr Jan Juračka.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

56. Cestou zážitkové pedagogiky

Creator:
Čekanová, Markéta
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, Techmania science center (projekt), biologie, zážitková pedagogika, studium a výuka, biology, experience pedagogy, study and teaching, Plzeň (Česko), Plzeň (Czechia), vědecké parky, výuka, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Markéta Čekanová.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

57. Changes of acute-phase proteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Creator:
Saso, L., Tommasino, P., Italiano, G., Grippa, E., Leone, M. G., Gatto, M. T., and Silvestrini, B.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, proteiny akutní fáze, acute phase proteins, streptozotocin, a1-inhibitor-3, haptoglobin, glycosylation, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Quantitative and qualitative changes of serum proteins, apart from glycation, have not been sufficiently studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (D), the most common experimental model for diabetes. Thus, we decided to analyze the serum of diabetic rats by concanavalin A-blotting in comparison with rats with acute inflammation induced by fermented yeast (Y), in which characteristic alterations of serum proteins have been described. Two months after the streptozotocin treatment, the blood glucose levels were highly elevated (456± 24 vs. 124± 10 mg/dl, p<0.001, n=12), the body weight was significantly lower than normal (279± 10 vs. 392± 6 g, p<0.001, n=12), and serum proteins appeared to be highly glycated (p<0.001) when analyzed by the fructosamine assay, without any significant change in the total serum protein concentration. Analysis by concanavalin A-blotting, revealed a significant decrease of a1-inhibitor-3 (a1-I3, p<0.05) and an increase of the b chain of haptoglobin (b-Hp, p<0.05) in both D and Y rats (n=3) compared with control animals. However, acute inflammation caused a marked rise of two prominent acute phase proteins, a2-macroglobulin and hemopexin, which did not change appreciably in diabetic rats. Further work will be necessary to evaluate the physiopathological significance of these phenomena which could result from changes of both concentration and glycosylation of the aforementioned proteins., L. Saso, P. Tommasino, G. Italiano, E. Grippa, M.G. Leone, M.T. Gatto, B. Silvestrini., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

58. Changes to fetal steroidogenesis caused by maternal smoking

Creator:
Adamcová, K., Lucie Kolátorová Sosvorová, Chlupáčová, T., Šimková, M., Jandíková, H., Antonín Pařízek, Luboslav Stárka, and Michaela Dušková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, novorozenci, testosteron, kouření, těhotenství, newborns, testosterone, smoking, pregnancy, dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites, smoking in pregnancy, delivery, androstenedione, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Smoking during pregnancy presents health risks for both the mother and her child. In this study we followed changes in the production of steroid hormones in pregnant smokers. We focused on changes in steroidogenesis in the blood of mothers in their 37th week of pregnancy and in mixed cord blood from their newborns. The study included 88 healthy women with physiological pregnancies (17 active smokers and 71 nonsmokers). We separately analyzed hormonal changes associated with smoking according to the sex of newborns. In women with male fetuses, we found higher levels of serum cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-OH-DHEA, 17-OH pregnenolone, testosterone, and androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week compared to non-smokers. In women with female fetuses, we found lower serum levels of 7β-OH-DHEA and higher androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week. We found significantly higher levels of testosterone in newborn males of smokers and higher levels of 7α-OH-DHEA in female newborns of smokers. Smoking during pregnancy induces changes in the production of steroids in both the mother and her child. These changes are different for different fetal sexes, with more pronounced changes in mothers carrying male newborns as well as in the newborn males themselves., K. Adamcová, L. Kolátorová, T. Chlupáčová, M. Šimková, H. Jandíková, A. Pařízek, L. Stárka, M. Dušková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

59. Chronic administration of quercetin induces biomechanical and pharmacological remodeling in the rat coronary arteries

Creator:
Monori-Kiss, A., Kiss, F., Restifo, J. M., Emil Monos, and Nadasy, G. L.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, koronární cirkulace, coronary circulation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, quercetin, vascular remodeling, arterioles, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Acute dilation brought about by the dietary flavonoid quercetin in coronary arterioles has been described earlier, but no information is available on its chronic effects. Male Wistar rats (body weight about 190 g) were divided to two groups: the quercetin-treated group (n=22) had quercetin supplementation of approximately 30 mg/kg/day, whereas the control group (n=20) had none. After eight weeks of treatment, intramural coronary arterioles with identical passive diameters (178±14 μm and 171±9 μm) were prepared and their biomechanics and pharmacological reactivities were tested using pressure arteriography ex vivo. The spontaneous tone of quercetin-treated arteries was higher (16.5±1.9 % vs. 12.9±0.9 %), which resulted in a reduced lumen size (144±9 μm vs. 167±12 μm), thicker vascular wall (22.6±1.8 μm vs. 17.4±1.6 μm) and decreased tangential wall stress (16.8±1.1 kPa vs. 20.5±1.6 kPa) in supplemented animals (in spontaneous tone at 50 mm Hg, p<0.01 in all these comparisons). Elevated basal NO release resulted in increased endothelial dilation in quercetin-treated animals, especially at higher intraluminal pressures (10.8±2.5 % vs. 5.7±1.3 % at 70 mm Hg, p<0.01). We found remodeling of the geometry of coronary arterioles to ensure higher dilatory reserve and nitrogen monoxide production, as well as lowered elastic stress of the vessel wall., A. Monori-Kiss, F. Kiss, J. M. Restifo, E. Monos, G. L. Nadasy., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

60. Chrpy - botanická noční můra?: o jejich diverzitě, systematice a hybridizaci

Creator:
Petr Koutecký
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, biologie, botanika, pěstitelství, fyziologie rostlin, botany, biology, horticultural education, plant physiology, hybridizace rostlin, polyploidie, chrpy, Centaurea, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Článek přestavuje taxonomicky problematický rod chrpa z čeledi Asteraceae. Jsou diskutovány současné pohledy na vymezení a vnitřní členění rodu založené na molekulárních znacích. Dále je popsána problematika hybridizace, která je v rodu velmi častá, a její souvislost s polyploidií (druhy stejné ploidie se často kříží za vzniku rozsáhlých a variabilních hybridních rojů, zatímco mezi ploidiemi je silná reprodukční bariéra)., Centaurea is a taxonomically critical genus from the Asteraceae family. Current delimitation of the genus and its internal classification based on molecular data are discussed. Hybridization and polyploidy are common in Centaurea. The frequency of hybridization depends on ploidy levels of the taxa (homoploid taxa usually hybridize easily and form extensive and variable hybrid swarms, while heteroploid taxa are reproductively strongly isolated)., and Petr Koutecký.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public