Soil water availability, nutrient supply and climatic conditions are key factors for plant production. For a sustainable integration of bioenergy plants into agricultural systems, detailed studies on their water uses and growth performances are needed. The new bioenergy plant Igniscum Candy is a cultivar of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), which is characterized by a high annual biomass production. For the determination of transpiration-yield relations at the whole plant level we used wicked lysimeters at multiple irrigation levels associated with the soil water availability (25, 35, 70, 100%) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha-1). Leaf transpiration and net photosynthesis were determined with a portable minicuvette system. The maximum mean transpiration rate was 10.6 mmol m-2 s-1 for well-watered plants, while the mean net photosynthesis was 9.1 µmol m-2 s-1. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing seasons varied between 49 l (drought stressed) and 141 l (well-watered) per plant. The calculated transpiration coefficient for Fallopia over all of the treatments applied was 485.6 l kg-1. The transpiration-yield relation of Igniscum is comparable to rye and barley. Its growth performance making Fallopia a potentially good second generation bioenergy crop.
Transport and communication are phenomena which are based on significant human needs and which play a serious role in human life. The theme was also accepted in the course of research conducted for the needs of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas. Fieldwork made it possible to gather large source materials which were analysed using the ethnographical method. The display of information gained from memories registered on the maps of ethnographic fragments created (re)constructions of the former reality. (Re)constructions that did not take into account the context of common or individual involvement of the users. Such a picture of the past does not make a multi-dimensional view of the phenomena concerned. The application of new interpreting methods offers new knowledge to the researchers.
The effects of sleepiness, sleep loss and fatigue have been the focus of literally hundreds of studies dating back to 1896. Sleep disorders, like any other medical condition potentially affecting the safe performance of essential job functions or the safety of co-workers or the general public, require an individual assessment of the employee diagnosed with the condition to determine medical fitness for service and the necessity of any appropriate reasonable accommodations. The medical fitness assessment is a tool for maximum possible operational safety and the health and safety of all personnel in the railway industry. The article describes relevant international medical fitness standards for railway staff with special rules recommended for mental disorders, disorders of the central nervous system and use of alcohol, drugs, and other psychotropic substances.
This paper describes the free transverse vibration analysis of a thin circular plate, subjected to in plane stretching, whilst in interaction with a cylindrical acoustic cavity. An analysis is performed which combines the equations describing the plate and the acoustic cavity to form a matrix equation which, when solved, produces the natural frequencies (latent roots) of the coupled system and associated latent vectors which describe the mode shape coefficients of the plate. After assessing the numerical convergence of the method, results are compared with those from a commercial finite element code (ANSYS). The results analysis is then extended to investigate the effect of stressing upon the free vibration of the coupled system. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
In this paper, by a travel groupoid is meant an ordered pair $(V, *)$ such that $V$ is a nonempty set and $*$ is a binary operation on $V$ satisfying the following two conditions for all $u, v \in V$: \[ (u * v) * u = u; \text{ if }(u * v ) * v = u, \text{ then } u = v. \] Let $(V, *)$ be a travel groupoid. It is easy to show that if $x, y \in V$, then $x * y = y$ if and only if $y * x = x$. We say that $(V, *)$ is on a (finite or infinite) graph $G$ if $V(G) = V$ and \[ E(G) = \lbrace \lbrace u, v\rbrace \: u, v \in V \text{ and } u \ne u * v = v\rbrace . \] Clearly, every travel groupoid is on exactly one graph. In this paper, some properties of travel groupoids on graphs are studied.
The notion of travel groupoids was introduced by L. Nebeský in 2006 in connection with a study on geodetic graphs. A travel groupoid is a pair of a set $V$ and a binary operation $*$ on $V$ satisfying two axioms. We can associate a graph with a travel groupoid. We say that a graph $G$ has a travel groupoid if the graph associated with the travel groupoid is equal to $G$. Nebeský gave a characterization of finite graphs having a travel groupoid. In this paper, we study travel groupoids on infinite graphs. We answer a question posed by Nebeský, and we also give a characterization of infinite graphs having a travel groupoid.
Stať se zabývá trávením volného času. Nejprve uvádíme význam trávení volného času a odpovídající sociologickými koncepty. V empirické části analyzujeme data z mezinárodního výzkumu ISSP 2007 – Volný čas a sport. Popisujeme frekvenci 13 volnočasových aktivit a spolu s vnímanými funkce volného času je srovnáváme s 18 evropskými zeměmi. V následující části nejprve pomocí klastrové analýzy rozkrýváme strukturu volnočasových aktivit v České republice, identifikovány byly tři hlavní životní styly: (1) kulturní a sportovní aktivity mimo domov typické pro mladou generaci, (2) nakupování, navštěvování příbuzných, sledování TV a čtení příznačnou pro ženy a (3) domácí práce/kutilství charakteristické pro muže. Na závěr pomocí multinominální logistické regrese identifikujeme nositele těchto životních stylů z hlediska sociodemografických charakteristik., The article focuses on leisure activities in the Czech Republic. After the introductory part defining leisure and its functions, data from the international research ISSP 2007 Leisure and Sport are analyzed. Frequencies of 13 leisure acti - vities and perceived functions of leisure are described and the Czech results are briefly compared with the average of 18 European countries. Then attention is paid to the structure of leisure activities in the Czech society. Three main leisure clus - ters, i.e. types of lifestyle, were identified: (1) cultural and sporting activities outside home, (2) “female” culture (shopping, watching TV, reading books and visiting relatives), (3) “home-loving” style of life (doing handicrafts and do-it-yourself). The main sociodemographic characteristics of their followers are delineated using multinominal logistic regression., and Jiří Šafr, Věra Patočková.
The use of treated wastewater (TWW) for agricultural irrigation becomes increasingly important in water stressed regions like the Middle East for substituting fresh water (FW) resources. Due to elevated salt concentrations and organic compounds in TWW this practice has potential adverse effects on soil quality, such as the reduction of hydraulic conductivity (HC) and soil aggregate stability (SAS). To assess the impact of TWW irrigation in comparison to FW irrigation on HC, in-situ infiltration measurements using mini disk infiltrometer were deployed in four different long-term experimental orchard test sites in Israel. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were collected for analyzing SAS and determination of selected soil chemical and physical characteristics. The mean HC values decreased at all TWW sites by 42.9% up to 50.8% compared to FW sites. The SAS was 11.3% to 32.4% lower at all TWW sites. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were generally higher at TWW sites. These results indicate the use of TWW for irrigation is a viable, but potentially deleterious option, as it influences soil physical and chemical properties.
Hypertriglyceridemia is an important marker of increased levels of highly atherogenic rem nant -like particles. The importance of lowering plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) has been called into question many times, but currently it is considered an integral part of residual cardiovascular risk reduction strategies. Lifestyle changes (improved diet and increased physical activity) are effective TG lowering measures. Pharmacological treatment usually starts with statins, although associated TG reductions are typically modest. Fibrates are currently the drugs of choice for hyperTG, frequently in c ombination with statins. Niacin and omega -3 fatty acids improve control of triglyceride levels when the above measures are inadequately effective. Some novel therapies including anti- sense oligonucleotides and inhibitors of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein have shown significant TG lowering efficacy. The current approach to the management of hypertriglyceridemia is based on lifestyle changes and, usually, drug combinations (statin and fibrate and/or omega -3 fatty acids or niacin)., M. Vrablík, R. Češka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Twelve-day-old barley seedlings were supplied with 23 μM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 10 μM paraquat (Pq) via the transpiration stream and kept in the dark for 24 h. Then they were exposed to 100 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR and samples were taken 1, 2, 3, and 6 h after irradiation. Treatment of seedlings with MeJA alone resulted in decreased content of chlorophyll (Chl), and net photosynthetic (PN) and transpiration rates. Pq treatment led to a decrease in Chl content and to a very strong inhibition of PN, the effects were manifested by 1 h of irradiation. Pq treatment did not affect the activity of ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC, EC 4.1.1.39) but increased the activity of the photorespiratory enzymes phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP, EC 3.1.3.18), glycolate oxidase (GO, EC 1.1.3.1), and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6). Pre-treatment of seedlings with MeJA before exposure to Pq fully blocked the inhibitory effect of Pq on photosynthesis and protected against subsequent Pq-induced oxidative damage. and V. A. Hristova, L. P. Popova.