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7252. Does long-term experimental antiorthostasis lead to cardiovascular deconditioning in the rat?
- Creator:
- Raffai, Gábor, Csekő,C., Kocsis, L., Dézsi, L., and Monos, E.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, antiorthostasis, baroreflex sensitivity, cardiovascular deconditioning, microgravity, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Microgravity or simulated microgravity induces acute and chronic cardiovascular responses, whose mechanism is pivotal for understanding of physiological adaptation and pathophysiological consequences. We investigated hemodynamic responses of conscious Wistar rats to 45º head-down tilt (HDT) for 7 days. Arterial blood pressure (BP) was recorded by telemetry. Heart rate (HR), spectral properties and the spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (sBRS) were calculated. Head-up tilt (HUT) was applied for 2 h before and after HDT to assess the degree of any possible cardiovascular deconditio ning. Horizontal control BP and HR were 112.5±2.8 mmHg and 344.7±10 bpm, respectively. HDT elicited an elevation in BP and HR by 8.3 % and 8.8 %, respectively, in less than 1 h. These elevations in BP and HR were maintained for 2 and 3 days, respectively, and then normalized. Heart rate variability was unchanged, while sBRS was permanently reduced from the beginning of HDT (1.01±0.08 vs. 0.74±0.05 ms/mmHg). HUT tests before and after HDT resulted in BP elevations (6.9 vs. 11.6 %) and sBRS reduction (0.44 vs. 0.37 ms/mmHg), respectively. The pressor response during the post-HDT HUT test was accompanied by tachycardia (13.7 %). In conclusion, chronic HDT does not lead to symptoms of cardiovascular deconditioning. However the depressed sBRS and tachycardic response seen during the post-HDT HUT test may indicate disturbances in cardiovascular control., G. Raffai ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7253. Does Magnesium Dysbalance Participate in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Early Stages of Renal Disease?
- Creator:
- Katarína Šebeková, Štefíková, K., Daniela Polakovičová, Viera Spustová, and Rastislav Dzúrik
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, 31P NMR spectroscopy, Erythrocyte, Magnesium, Insulin resistance, Obesity, Kidney Disease, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We investigated the potential role of magnesium (Mg) dysbalance in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with mildly-to-moderately decreased renal function (creatinine: 142.8±11.0 mmol/l). The data were compared to those of 8 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (CTRL). The standard oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed in 61 patients. Twenty-two patients were classified as IR according to their values on fasting and after-load immunoreactive insulin concentrations. Serum and total erythrocyte Mg (tErMg) (atomic absorption spectro-photometry) and free erythrocyte Mg (fErMg) concentrations (31P NMR spectroscopy) were determined prior to and two hours after the glucose load. Ten out of 39 insulin-sensitive (IS) patients, but only one out of 22 insulin-resistant (IR) patients, had a low basal fErMg concentration (<162.2 mmol/l, c2, p<0.01). IR patients had higher serum Mg, total erythrocyte Mg and bound erythrocyte Mg (bErMg) concentrations (both before and after glucose load) when compared with the IS group. Both groups responded to the glucose load with a significant decrease in serum Mg concentration (within the normal range), while the IR group also exhibited a decline in tErMg and bErMg. The mean sum of insulin needed to metabolize the same glucose load correlated positively with tErMg (r=0.545, p<0.01) and bErMg (r=0.560, p<0.01) in the IR patients. It is concluded that, at an early stage of renal dysfunction, IR is not associated with the decline in free erythrocyte Mg concentration, but the magnesium handling in red blood cells is altered., K. Šebeková, K. Štefíková, D. Polakovičová, V. Spustová, R. Dzúrik., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7254. Does minimum wage affect workplace safety?
- Creator:
- Hradil, Vít
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, bez média, svazek, and 35 stran : tabulky, grafy.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Práce, minimální mzdy, bezpečnost práce, modelování a simulace, minimum wages, occupational safety, modeling and simulation, 331.215.53, 331.45, 519.86/.87, (048.8), 4, and 331
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Vít Hradil., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and České a anglické resumé
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7255. Does neonatal brain ischemia induce schizophrenia-like behaviour in young adult rats?
- Creator:
- Hana Tejkalová, Kaiser, M., Jan Klaschka, and František Šťastný
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, neurochirurgie, schizofrenie, potkan, biochemistry, neurosurgery, schizophrenia, Rattus norvegicus, neonatal ischemia, prepulse inhibition, 2, and 577
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Perinatal cerebral hypoxia represents a major cause of obstetric complications and the resulting transient oxygen deficiency might belong to early risk factors for schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible long-term behavioral changes induced by one hour of continuous bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in 12-day-old male rats. Post-ischemic behavioral disturbances were evaluated in social (play) behavior on postnatal day 22 (PND 22), open field test (PND 35 and 50) and prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (PND 50). Transient ischemia in neonatal rats was not significantly altered in social dyadic interactions evaluated in pre-weaning pups, but resulted in enhanced locomotor activity in pubertal rats (PND 35) and impaired prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in post- pubertal males (PND 50). These behavioral alterations suggest that perinatal hypoxic/ischemic insults may represent a risk factor for later manifestation of specific features relevant to schizophrenia in predisposed individuals., F. Tejkalová, M. Kaiser, J. Klaschka, F. Šťastný., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7256. Does obstructive sleep apnea worsen during REM sleep?
- Creator:
- Peregrim, I., Grešová, S., Mária Pallayová, Fulton, B. L., Štimmelová, J., Bačová, I., Mikul'aková, A., Zoltán Tomori, and Viliam Donič
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, apnoe, apnea, obstructive sleep apnea, apnoe-hypopnoe-index, body position, mixed apnea, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- I. Peregrim ... [et. al.]. and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7257. Does one size suit all? Dung pad size and ball production by Scarabaeus sacer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)
- Creator:
- Sullivan, Gregory T., Ozman-Sullivan, Sebahat K., Lumaret, Jean-Pierre, Zalucki, Myron P., and Baxter, Greg
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, vrubounovití, beetles, Scarabaeidae, Coleoptera, Scarabaeus sacer, ball roller, diel cycle, dung pad, intraspecies competition, nocturnal, seasonal, telecoprid, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Large, ball rolling dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) are competitively dominant and can strongly influence community succession in dung pads. Ball production by Scarabaeus sacer Linnaeus was recorded in the Kizilirmak Delta on the Black Sea coast of Turkey by using artificial dung pads from 125 g to 2,000 g. Utilisation of pads across the 16-fold range of pad sizes demonstrated behavioural variation that may reduce intraspecies competition. Ball production was highly concentrated, with 66 balls (61%) produced from 8 pads of the 3 largest pad sizes, which may be related to chemical attraction between males and females. Ball size increased with increasing pad size (P < 0.05) but the number of balls produced per 100 g of dung decreased with increasing pad size (P < 0.01). Pad size for maximum ball production and ball size were 1,371 g and 1,260 g, respectively. The highest and lowest percentage of dung used for ball production was 43% of 125 g pads and 13% of 2,000 g pads, respectively. Ball production and time of day were significantly related (P < 0.01); S. sacer was almost exclusively nocturnal, with 59% of all balls produced between 21.00 and 22.00. This optimum period for ball production early in the night may be a compromise between reduced risk of predation and the increased energy costs of ball production as the temperature falls., Gregory T. Sullivan, Sebahat K. Ozman-Sullivan, Jean-Pierre Lumaret, Myron P. Zalucki, Greg Baxter., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7258. Does paternal methamphetamine exposure affect the behavior of rat offspring during development and in adulthood?
- Creator:
- Mihalčíková, Lýdia, Ochozková, Anna, and Šlamberová, Romana
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- paternal exposure, methamphetamine, locomotor activity, sensorimotor development, and drug abuse
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most abused psychostimulants in the Czech Republic and worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of maternal drug abuse. However, the father's contribution as a parent and donor of the half genetic information is unclear. The present study aimed to examine the effect of paternal MA exposure on behavioral development and locomotor activity in rat offspring. MA was administrated subcutaneously for 30 days at a dose of 5 mg/kg to adult male rats. The impact of paternal MA exposure on rat pups was investigated using behavioral tests during development and locomotor activity tests in adulthood. Prior to testing, adult offspring were exposed to an acute challenge dose of MA (1 mg/kg) to examine the possible sensitizing effect of the paternal treatment. Our results found no significant differences in behavioral development or locomotor activity in adulthood of offspring linked to paternal MA application. These results differ from the effects induced by maternal MA application. Further, our results demonstrated a significant increase in locomotor activity on the Laboras test after acute MA application. When comparing sex differences, females showed more activity than males in adulthood, whereas males were more active during development.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7259. Does reform work?: an econometric examination of the reform-growth puzzle
- Creator:
- Babetskii, Ian, Campos, Nauro F., Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic and 40 s.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ekonomie, ekonometrické modely, ekonomické reformy, 338.24.021.8, 519.862, (048.8), 4, and 33
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Ian Babetskii, Nauro F. Campos. and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
7260. Does religious activity affect childbearing decisions?: the case of Georgia
- Creator:
- Lanchava, Lasha, Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic and 19 s. : il.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ekonomie, náboženství, ekonomické aspekty, porodnost, experimentální ekonomie, religion, economic aspects, natality, experimental economics, 21/29-1/-9, 33, 314.12, 33-028.77, (048.8), and 4
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Lasha Lanchava., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy., Anglické a české resumé, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public