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477122. Toward the He to H full intensity ratios in quiescent prominences with filamentary structure
- Creator:
- Zharkova, V. V. and Morozhenko, N. N.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- heliophysics and quiescent prominences
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- In quiescent prominences of a different brightness the full intensity ratios of He to H are varied in the different parts of the features. In the outside, more thin, parts of bright prominences or in the faint prominences a helium emission is stronger than hydrogen one. With a brightness increase the full intensity ratio of He to H is decreased. A modern interpretation of this ratio behaviour is connected with a fine filamentary structure of quiescent prominences. In this paper we consider a model filamentary feaaure, with different values fo structure coefficients, which consists of He and H atoms in excited and ionized states. We solve the non-LTE problem for the main transitions, coupled with the statistical equilibrium equations for a set of physical parameters typical for a quiescent prominence. As the result we compute He(3888) to Hα ratios and compare them with observations. We find this ratio to be sensitive to structural parameters, as some other ones.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477123. Towards a more economically effective e-government: the case of the transitional economy in Poland
- Creator:
- Lech Wojciech Zacher and Białobłocki, Tomasz
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- věda, internet, evaluace, Internet, evaluation, Polsko, Poland, e-government, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- E-government becomes an important element of the emerging e-societies. There is a great diversity of strategies, policies and results related to its introduction. Educational and cultural conditions and possibilities are vital because they generate - or not - interests in ICTs and their various applications. So capacity building for e-government is a coplex porcess, not limited to introduciton of technological and organizational actions. Moreover e-government is costly and will require soon not only social but also econimic evaluation. These issues are explored in an illustrative case study of e-services in Poland. and Lech W. Zacher, Tomasz Białobłocki
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477124. Towards a political economy of the private rental sector
- Creator:
- Byrne, Michael
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- political economy, generation rent, private rental sector, and inequality
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This article sets out a theoretical framework for the political economy of the private rental sector, with a particular focus on the question of inequality. It brings together three existing bodies of research. First, macro-accounts of social stratification and wealth inequality. Second, Marxian critiques of the antagonism between accumulation and social reproduction. Third, qualitative accounts of tenants’ experiences of housing inequality. The article synthesises these three literatures to put forward a political economy approach which can capture the multi-dimensional and multi-scale nature of both ‘housing’ and ‘home’ in the private rental sector. In so doing, it contributes to recent research on ‘generation rent’, in particular the related class and generational inequalities, as well as wider debates on the political economy of housing.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477125. Towards an extension of the 2-tuple linguistic model to deal with unbalanced linguistic term sets
- Creator:
- Abchir, Mohammed-Amine and Truck, Isis
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fuzzy partitioning, fuzzy linguistic 2-tuples, unbalanced linguistic term sets, and linguistic aggregation
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the domain of \emph{Computing with words} (CW), fuzzy linguistic approaches are known to be relevant in many decision-making problems. Indeed, they allow us to model the human reasoning in replacing words, assessments, preferences, choices, wishes… by \emph{ad hoc} variables, such as fuzzy sets or more sophisticated variables. This paper focuses on a particular model: Herrera and Martínez' 2-tuple linguistic model and their approach to deal with unbalanced linguistic term sets. It is interesting since the computations are accomplished without loss of information while the results of the decision-making processes always refer to the initial linguistic term set. They propose a fuzzy partition which distributes data on the axis by using linguistic hierarchies to manage the non-uniformity. However, the required input (especially the density around the terms) taken by their fuzzy partition algorithm may be considered as too much demanding in a real-world application, since density is not always easy to determine. Moreover, in some limit cases (especially when two terms are very closed semantically to each other), the partition doesn't comply with the data themselves, it isn't close to the reality. Therefore we propose to modify the required input, in order to offer a simpler and more faithful partition. We have added an extension to the package jFuzzyLogic and to the corresponding script language FCL. This extension supports both 2-tuple models: Herrera and Martínez' and ours. In addition to the partition algorithm, we present two aggregation algorithms: the arithmetic means and the addition. We also discuss these kinds of 2-tuple models.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477126. Towards Complex System Theory
- Creator:
- Svítek, Miroslav
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Complex system theory, Knowledge, quantum information systems, information power, information physics, self-organization, and smart systems
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This tutorial summarizes the new approach to complex system theory that comes basically from physical information analogies. The information components and gates are defined in a similar way as components in electrical or mechanical engineering. Such approach enables the creation of complex networks through their serial, parallel or feedback ordering. Taking into account wave probabilistic functions in analogy with quantum physics, we can enrich the system theory with features such as entanglement. It is shown that such approach can explain emergencies and self-organization properties of complex systems.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477127. Towards direct casting: Archaeometallurgical insight into a bronze mould from Elgiszewo, Poland, 900-700 BC
- Creator:
- Kowalski , Łukasz , Garbacz-Klempka , Aldona , Gackowski , Jacek , Ścibior , Dominik , Perek-Nowak , Małgorzata , Adamczak , Kamil , and Długosz, Piotr
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- casting mould, Lusatian culture, Urnfield complex, Late Bronze Age, archaeometallurgy, licí forma, lužická kultura, komplex popelnicových polí, pozdní doba bronzová, and archeometalurgie
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This study reports the results of archaeometallurgical investigations performed on a complete two-part bronze casting mould discovered in the village of Elgiszewo (north Poland). The mould was part of the so-called Lusatian founder’s hoard deposited on the southern borders of the Chełmno group territory between 900 and 700 BC. The investigations involved the employment of spectral (ED XRF, SEM-EDS, X-ray) and microscopic (SEM-EDS, OM) analyses. The experimental casting of the model mould and socketed axe was carried out in this study as well. The chemical composition of the mould indicates the use of fire-refined (oxidized) fahlore scrap bronze, which could originally be composed of North Tyrolean copper fahlores. The metallographic results furthermore indicate deliberate tin abandonment by the Lusatian metalworker to maintain a thermal resistance of the mould during direct metal casting. Having analysed the results of the performed research, we can state that the mould from Elgiszewo was capable of ensuring direct casting and was in fact used by the Lusatian metalworkers for this purpose before the mould was finally deposited. and Studie prezentuje výsledky archeometalurgického výzkumu kompletní dvoudílné bronzové licí formy nalezené v obci Elgiszewo (Kujavsko-pomořské vojvodství). Forma pochází z depotu zlomků, který byl uložen na jižních hranicích územní skupiny Chełmno mezi lety 900 a 700 př. n. l. Průzkum formy zahrnul spektrální (ED XRF, SEM-EDS, rtg.) a mikroskopické (SEM-EDS, OM) analýzy. V rámci studie bylo provedeno i experimentální odlití modelů formy a tulejkovité sekerky. Chemické složení formy nasvědčuje užití žárově (oxidačně) rafinovaného zlomkového bronzu získaného hutněním sulfidických měděných rud (řady tetraedrit- tennantit), jejichž původ lze hledat nejspíše v severním Tyrolsku. Metalografické výsledky ukazují i na skutečnost, že kovolitci lužické kultury záměrně pominuli příměs cínu z důvodu zachování tepelné odolnosti formy pro přímé lití. Po analýze výsledků výzkumu lze konstatovat, že forma z Elgiszewa umožňovala přímé lití a že toto zařízení bylo skutečně využíváno.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477128. Towards information circuits
- Creator:
- Svítek, Miroslav, Moos, Petr, and Votruba, Zdeněk
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Information circuit, information flow, information contents, and information dynamics
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A trial of analogies utilization among electrical, mechanical and information circuits is presented. The concepts of Information Power and significant proximity of the measure of information and knowledge could enable upgrading these analogies for solving important tasks from the area of Systems Engineering. This attempt seems to be attractive, as it could help in using the well-established and proved methodologies from the classical areas of electricity or mechanics.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477129. Towards the properties of fuzzy multiplication for fuzzy numbers
- Creator:
- Bica, Alexandru Mihai , Fechete, Dorina , and Fechete, Ioan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fuzzy number, semiring, and fuzzy product distributivity
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this paper, by using a new representation of fuzzy numbers, namely the ecart-representation, we investigate the possibility to consider such multiplication between fuzzy numbers that is fully distributive. The algebraic and topological properties of the obtained semiring are studied making a comparison with the properties of the existing fuzzy multiplication operations. The properties of the generated fuzzy power are investigated.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
477130. Toxic associations: a review of the predatory behaviors of millipede assassin bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae)
- Creator:
- Forthman, Michael and Weirauch, Christiane
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Ectrichodiinae, millipede, prey specificity, communal predation, Costa Rica, Rhiginia cinctiventris, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Ectrichodiinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), the millipede assassin bugs, are a speciose group (>660 species) of assassin bugs that appear to be specialist predators on Diplopoda, or millipedes. Apparently capable of coping with the noxious defensive compounds produced by many millipedes, Ectrichodiinae are engaged in a predator-prey relationship with millipedes realized only by few other arthropods. Unfortunately, feeding behaviors of Ectrichodiinae are inadequately documented, rendering this exciting phenomenon largely inaccessible. We here present a literature review on ectrichodiine prey selection and feeding behaviors, with supplemental original observations on Rhiginia cinctiventris (Stål, 1872) in Costa Rica. Thirteen species in 12 genera have been observed to feed on millipedes. The majority of diplopod prey species were reported from the orders Spirostreptida and Spirobolida, whereas Polydesmida are rarely attacked. Ectrichodiinae insert their stylets at the millipede’s intersegmental membranes on the ventral and ventro-lateral trunk area or between the head and collum. Communal predation was observed among conspecific nymphs, among groups of nymphs with a conspecific adult, and more rarely among adults. Immature ectrichodiines were rarely observed to engage in solitary predation. Observations on R. cinctiventris indicate that this species preys on spirobolid and polydesmid millipedes and are in agreement with behaviors described for other Ectrichodiinae., Michael Forthman, Christiane Weirauch., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public