Toxoplasmosis is caused by intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). Cats and other felids are the definitive hosts. It could be transmitted to man and animals by consumption of infected undercooked meat and contaminated food items including drinking water. Results of toxoplasmosis epidemiological surveys in animals and humans in South-West, North-West, North-East and North-Central Zones of Nigeria have been reported with greater impact on the health of pregnant women and HIV-infected individuals. Meanwhile, studies in states within the South-South and South-East Zones are relatively scanty or non-existent. Overall, the seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis in Nigeria is estimated at 32% with the following reports for North-West (32%), North-East (22%), North-Central (24%) and South-West (37%). Information on the genetic diversity of isolates of T. gondii in humans and animals including the role of the environment in transmission and maintenance of the disease are highly needed., John Asekhaen Ohiolei, Clement Isaac., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Toxoplazmóza je velmi častá parazitární infekce, způsobená prvokem Toxoplasma gondii. Onemocnění má většinou benigní průběh, ale závažné komplikace mohou nastat v případě přenosu infekce z matky na plod během gravidity nebo v důsledku reaktivace latentní infekce u imunodefi citních osob. Nejčastější způsob nákazy je konzumace nedostatečně tepelně zpracovaného masa obsahujícího tkáňové cysty. Diagnóza může být stanovena na základě sérologických metod, polymerázové řetězové reakce (PCR), histologie nebo izolace prvoka Toxoplasma gondii., Toxoplasmosis is a very frequent parasitic infection, caused by protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The course of infection is generally benign, but serious complications can occur after vertical transmission from mother to fetus during pregnancy or reactivation of latent infection in persons with immunodefi ciency. The most frequent way of infection is consumption of uncooked meat containing viable tissue cysts. The diagnosis may be established by serologic tests, polymerase chain reaction, histology, or by isolation of protozoan Toxoplasma gondii., Tomková Jana, Novotný D., Bednaříková J., Schneiderka P., and Lit.:31
The protective role of nutrition factors such as calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K for the integrity of the skeleton is well understood. In addition, integrity of the skeleton is positively influenced by certain trace elements (e.g. zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium, iron, selenium, boron and fluoride) and negatively by others (lead, cadmium, cobalt). Deficiency or excess of these elements influence bone mass and bone quality in adulthood as well as in childhood and adolescence. However, some protective elements may become toxic under certain condition s, depending on dosage (serum concentration), duration of treatment and interactions among individual elements. We review the beneficial and toxic effects of key elements on bone homeostasis., I. Zofkova, M. Davis, J. Blahos., and Obsahuje bibliografii
We investigate the traceless component of the conformal curvature tensor defined by (2.1) in Kähler manifolds of dimension $\ge 4$, and show that the traceless component is invariant under concircular change. In particular, we determine Kähler manifolds with vanishing traceless component and improve some theorems (for example, [4, pp. 313–317]) concerning the conformal curvature tensor and the spectrum of the Laplacian acting on $p$ $(0\le p\le 2)$-forms on the manifold by using the traceless component.
Including the previously untreated borderline cases, the trace spaces (in the distributional sense) of the Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces are determined for the anisotropic (or quasi-homogeneous) version of these classes. The ranges of the traces are in all cases shown to be approximation spaces, and these are shown to be different from the usual spaces precisely in the cases previously untreated. To analyse the new spaces, we carry over some real interpolation results as well as the refined Sobolev embeddings of J. Franke and B. Jawerth to the anisotropic scales.
We investigate traces of functions, belonging to a class of functions with dominating mixed smoothness in ${\mathbb{R}}^3$, with respect to planes in oblique position. In comparison with the classical theory for isotropic spaces a few new phenomenona occur. We shall present two different approaches. One is based on the use of the Fourier transform and restricted to $p=2$. The other one is applicable in the general case of Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces and based on atomic decompositions.