Článek o vývoji vztahu akvaristiky a vědeckého výzkumu je zaměřen především na aspekty taxonomie, etologie a rozmnožování. Stručně jsou zmíněny počátky akvaristiky stojící na základech tehdejší vědy, a uvedena jména významných osobností, které ovlivnily vývoj chovu ozdobných ryb. Je zdůrazněn termín akvariologie, zavedený pro multidisciplinární vědecké základy akvaristiky., This article deals with the mutual relations between the aquarium hobby and scientific research, especially with respect to taxonomy, ethology and breeding. The beginnings of aquaristics, based on earlier scientific sources, are mentioned, and leading figures pioneering the developments in keeping tropical fish are also introduced. The term aquariology, applied to the multidisciplinary scientific basis of ornamental fish farming, is highlighted., Jindřich Novák., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The reproduction of the Splash Tetra (Copella arnoldi), which inhabits the Amazon freshwater river basin, has its peculiarities. These fish deposit their eggs on the bottom of leaf blades above the water surface, where atmospheric moisture is high. After spawning is over the males remain beneath the leaf and spray the fertilized eggs with water so that they do not dry out. But that is the end of their care for their offspring. The hatching fry falls from the leaf back into the water and begin their independent life. These fish usually start mass spawning during the rainy season. Fish breeders are well aware of this fact and often deliberately arrange similar conditions for their fish when breeding them in captivity. and Jaroslav Eliáš.
The life cycle of the swim bladder nematode Huffmanela huffmani Moravec, 1987 (Trichinelloidea: Trichosomoididae), an endemic parasite of centrarchid fishes in the upper spring run of the San Marcos River in Hays County, Texas, USA, was experimentally completed. The amphipods Hyalella cf. azteca (Saussure), Hyalella sp. and Gammarus sp. were successfully infected with larvated eggs of Huffmanela huffmani. After ingestion of eggs of H. huffmani by experimental amphipods, the first-stage larvae hatch from their eggshells and penetrate through the digestive tract to the hemocoel of the amphipod. Within about 5 days in the hemocoel of the experimental amphipods at 22 °C, the larvae presumably attained the second larval stage and were infective for the experimental centrarchid definitive hosts, Lepomis spp. The minimum incubation period before adult nematodes began laying eggs in the swim bladders of the definitive hosts was found to be about 7.5 months at 22 °C. This is the first experimentally completed life cycle within the Huffmanelinae., McLean L. D. Worsham, David G. Huffman, František Moravec, J. Randy Gibson., and Obsahuje bibliografii
In the present study two new species of Tetragonocephalum Shipley et Hornell, 1905, T. mackenziei sp. n. and T. kazemii sp. n., are described from the spiral intestine of the cowtail stingray, Pastinachus sephen (Forsskål), from the northern coast of the Gulf of Oman. Tetragonocephalum mackenziei is distinguished from the 16 other valid species of Tetragonocephalum by a unique combination of characteristics, i.e. sperm-filled seminal receptacle in immature proglottids, body length (7.7-17.5 mm), body width (213-288 µm), number of proglottids (34-49), number of testes (10-14), size of scolex (228-315 µm × 213-288 µm) and size of acetabula (56-73 µm × 61-75 µm). Tetragonocephalum kazemii is morphologically distinguishable from its valid congeners and T. mackenziei based on a combination of characteristics, including body length (28.8-36.6 mm), number of proglottids (50-65), number of testes (30-42), size of scolex (388-564 µm × 326-448 µm), size of acetabula (62-86 µm × 57-90 µm) and testes (25-39 × 21-32). This brings the total number of validly described species of Tetragonocephalum to 18 and expands our knowledge of this diverse genus to now include the Gulf of Oman, as well as Arafura Sea, northern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean., Atabak Roohi Aminjan, Masoumeh Malek., and Obsahuje bibliografii