Based on survey of 257 women with nondeveloping pregnancies of various geneses, it was shown that the level of apoptosis marker P53 in the decidual tissue is increased, and antiapoptotic protein Bcl2 simultaneously is reduced, compared with similar data of women with physiological pregnancies. The morphological and histochemical investigation of apoptotic changes during NDP, by means of Bcl2 and P53, must consider the main marker in early manifestations of the dynamics of the pathological processes., Dilnoza Saidjalilova, and Literatura
Ruptured pregnancy in the rudimentary horn of women who have had a vaginal delivery is rare and unpredictable. However, when undiagnosed, this condition could lead to maternal morbidity and mortality. We report a pregnancy at 19 weeks gestation presented with acute abdomen and hypovolemic shock. She was initially thought to have an intrauterine pregnancy with the provisional diagnosis of a ruptured uterus. Intraoperatively, a ruptured non-communicating right rudimentary horn with ex utero pregnancy was discovered., Che Hasnura Che Hassan, Abdul Kadir Abdul Karim, Nor Azlin Mohamed Ismail, Mohd Hashim Omar, and Literatura 6
Cíl studie: zhodnocení efektivity cerkláže dle McDonalda ve Fakultní nemocnici Ostrava v období 1/2007 – 3/2014. Typ studie: retrospektivní studie Název a sídlo pracoviště: Porodnicko–gynekologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava Metodika: retrospektivní analýza provedených cerkláží ve Fakultní nemocnici Ostrava a rozbor výsledků takto ošetřených gravidit. Kritériem úspěšnosti byl stanoven porod po ukončeném 34. týdnu gravidity. Závěr: ve sledovaném období bylo indikováno devět cerkláží – 7 terapeutických a 2 záchranné. Výkony byly provedeny mezi 18. a 25. týdnem gravidity. Tři pacientky již měly v minulosti cerkláž provedenu. 57 % takto ošetřených těhotných porodilo po ukončeném 34. týdnu gravidity. Pouze v jednom případě (11,1 %) byla cerkláž neúspěšná a těhotenství skončilo potratem. Průměrná doba mezi provedením cerkláže a porodem činila 69 dnů., Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of cerclage according to McDonald at the University Hospital Ostrava in the period 1/2007 - 3/2014. Design: A retrospective study Obstetrics and Gynecology: Obstetrics - Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava Methods: A retrospective analysis of cerclage performed at the University Hospital Ostrava and analysis of the results thus treated pregnancies. The criterion for success was determined after childbirth completed 34 weeks of preg - nancy. Conclusion: In the reporting period, nine indicated cerclage - 7 of therapeutic and 2 emergency. The procedures were performed between the 18th and 25th week of pregnancy. Three patients have had in the past cerclage performed. 57% of the treated pregnant women gave birth after 34 completed weeks of gestation. Only in one case (11.1 %) cerclage was unsuccessful and the pregnancy ended in a miscarriage. The average time between performing cerclage and delivery was 69 days., Petr Vašek, Igor Michalec, and Literatura
We measured plasma concentrations, adipose tissue and placental mRNA expression of hepatokines fetuin A, fetuin B and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in 12 healthy pregnant women (P group), 12 pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and 10 healthy non-pregnant women (N group) to explore their potential role in the etiopathogenesis of GDM. GDM and P group had comparable BMI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and glycated hemoglobin levels while IL-10 and TNF-α levels were higher in GDM group. Fetuin A and fetuin B levels were higher in pregnancy as compared to N group and decreased after delivery with no apparent influence of GDM. In contrast, the pattern of changes of circulating FGF21 levels differed between GDM and P group. Fetuin A concentrations positively correlated with CRP, TNF-α mRNA expression in adipose tissue and IL-6 mRNA expression in placenta. Fetuin B positively correlated with CRP. FGF21 levels correlated positively with IFN-γ mRNA in adipose tissue and inversely with IL-8 mRNA in the placenta. Taken together, fetuin A and fetuin B levels were increased during pregnancy regardless of the presence of GDM. In contrast, FGF21 patterns differed between healthy pregnant women and GDM patients suggesting a possible role of this hepatokine in the etiopathogenesis of GDM., P. Šimják, A. Cinkajzlová, K. Anderlová, J. Kloučková, H. Kratochvílová, Z. Lacinová, P. Kaválková, H. Krejčí, M. Mráz, A. Pařízek, M. Kršek, M. Haluzík., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Smoking during pregnancy presents health risks for both the mother and her child. In this study we followed changes in the production of steroid hormones in pregnant smokers. We focused on changes in steroidogenesis in the blood of mothers in their 37th week of pregnancy and in mixed cord blood from their newborns. The study included 88 healthy women with physiological pregnancies (17 active smokers and 71 nonsmokers). We separately analyzed hormonal changes associated with smoking according to the sex of newborns. In women with male fetuses, we found higher levels of serum cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-OH-DHEA, 17-OH pregnenolone, testosterone, and androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week compared to non-smokers. In women with female fetuses, we found lower serum levels of 7β-OH-DHEA and higher androstenedione in smokers at the 37th week. We found significantly higher levels of testosterone in newborn males of smokers and higher levels of 7α-OH-DHEA in female newborns of smokers. Smoking during pregnancy induces changes in the production of steroids in both the mother and her child. These changes are different for different fetal sexes, with more pronounced changes in mothers carrying male newborns as well as in the newborn males themselves., K. Adamcová, L. Kolátorová, T. Chlupáčová, M. Šimková, H. Jandíková, A. Pařízek, L. Stárka, M. Dušková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Cíl práce: Upozornit na možnosti laparoskopického chirurgického řešení náhlé příhody břišní v graviditě. Typ práce: Kazuistika. Vlastní pozorování: Formou kazuistiky prezentujeme případ těhotné ve 23. týdnu gravidity s náhlou příhodou břišní neznámé etiologie a její laparoskopické řešení. Závěr: Laparoskopie v rukou zkušeného operatéra se jeví jako velmi bezpečná metoda v případech nejasné bolesti podbříšku, a to i v graviditě v závislosti na velikosti dělohy, tedy stáří gravidity. V tomto případě byla příčinou torze fibromu tuby, která byla řešena salpingektomií., The aim of the study: Draw attention to possibilities of LPSC surgical solutions of acute abdominal evens in pregnancy. Type of paper: Case study. Own observation: We are presenting a case of a pregnant woman at 23 weeks who suffered an acute abdominal event of unknown etiology and its laparoscopic solution. Conclusion: Laparoscopy in the hands of an experienced surgeon appears as a very safe method in cases of lower abdominal pain of unclear origin also in pregnancy, depending on the size of the uterus, i.e. the stage of pregnancy. In this case the cause was the torsion of the fallopian tube fibroma for which salpingectomy was carried out., and Jana Hofierková, Michael Fanta
Chronická neinfekční onemocnění představují závažný problém soudobé společnosti. Jejich etiologie má komplexní charakter. Jsou výsledkem v čase se vyvíjející interakce genetických a vnějších faktorů, jejichž podstatná část je vázána na životní styl a chování jedince. Genetická složka může být životním stylem modifikována, do jisté míry však sama chování a životní styl determinuje. Celoživotní vliv prostředí na genom je z velké části zprostředkován epigeneticky. Epigenetické mechanismy řídí chování genů, jsou podkladem fenotypové plasticity. Expozice faktorům modifikujícím epigenom v prenatálním a časně postnatálním období formuje vnímavost ke vzniku onemocnění, v dalším životě pak modifikuje manifestaci genetické vlohy a potenciálně participuje na patogenezi. Prenatálně indukované změny epigenomu mohou být předány na další generace potomků. Významným induktorem těchto alterací jsou nutriční faktory a kouření. V souvislosti s environmentální modifikací genové exprese je studována zejména DNA metylace, post-translační modifikace histonů a regulační aktivita nekódující RNA. Potenciální reverzibilita epigenetických procesů otevírá nové možnosti pro prevenci komplexních chorob. Poznatky o interakci genů, chování a prostředí potvrzují opodstatněnost primárně preventivních opatření a mohou přispět ke změně postojů ke zdraví., Non-infectious diseases represent a serious health problem in current society. Their etiology is complex as they result from a time-evolving interaction of genetic and environmental factors, a significant part of which are based on individual behaviour and lifestyle. Lifestyle can modify the impact of genetic load; nonetheless, behaviour and lifestyle are themselves determined by genes to a certain extent. Lifelong environmental influences on the genome are largely mediated epigenetically. Epigenetic mechanisms modify the activity of genes and form a base of the phenotype plasticity. Exposure to epigenetic modificators prenatally and in the early post-natal stage form susceptibility to diseases, modifiying manifestation of a genetic predisposition later in life and potentially participating in pathogenesis. Prenatally induced changes of the epigenome can be passed on to subsequent generations of offspring. Nutritional factors and smoking are major inducers of these epigenetic alterations. The most studied epigenetic mechanisms in relation to environmentally induced modification of gene expression are DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and non-coding RNA regulatory activity. The potential reversibility of epigenetic processes opens up new possibilities for the prevention of complex diseases. Knowledge of the interactions of genes, behaviour and environment confirm the validity of primary preventive measures and may contribute to changing attitudes to health., Šárka Kunzová, Drahoslava Hrubá, and Literatura