Péče o nemocné se sarkomy měkkých tkání či sarkomy dutiny břišní a retroperitonea, kterých je celkem ročně v České republice asi 350, patří pouze omezenému počtu pracovišť, která jsou schopna a ochotna zajistit komplexní a kvalifikovanou zobrazovací a histopatologickou diagnostiku, širokou víceoborovou škálu operačních výkonů v různých anatomických lokalitách, včetně rekonstrukčních přístupů, zevní radioterapii i intersticiální brachyradioterapii, systémovou i intraarteriální chemoterapii, bedlivou dispenzarizaci nemocných a hodnocení dlouhodobých výsledků vlastní léčebné péče. Výsledky chaotické a náhodné péče o nemocné se sarkomy nelze účinně vylepšit ani novými diagnostickými a léčebnými metodami., Management of patients with soft tissue sarcomas elsewhere in the body (annual incidence in the Czech Republic about 350 cases) should be concentrated only to limited number of hospitals and teams which are able to provide comprehensive diagnostic services, including specialized histopathology, multidisciplinary spectrum of surgical operations, external radiotherapy and interstitial brachyradiotherapy, systemic and regional chemotherapy, careful long-term follow-up of patients and self-evaluation of therapeutic outcomes. Results of chaotic and scattered management can not be improved even by the newest diagnostic or therapeutic technology., Jan Žaloudík, and Lit.: 25
Autoři prezentují sestavu 76 nemocných radikálně operovaných pro karcinom hlavy pankreatu a analyzují pooperační komplikace a přežívání. Materiál a metodika: V období 1/2006–9/2010 podstoupilo 76 nemocných potenciálně kurativní hemipankreatoduodenektomii pro adenokarcinom hlavy pankreatu. Pacienti jsou prospektivně sledováni, diskutovány jsou komplikace a přežití. Výsledky: 30denní pooperační mortalita je 2,6 %. Na základě TNM klasifikace 11 % mělo stadium I, 78 % stadium II a 3 % stadium III. Nejzávažnější komplikací byla insuficience pankreatojejunální anastomózy (6,5 %) a opožděná evakuace žaludku (11,8 %). Ve stadiu I přežívá 1., 2., 3. a 4. rok 82 %, 52 %, 35 % a 35 % operovaných. Závěr: Resekce hlavy pankreatu je bezpečná operace s nízkou mortalitou, ale neuspokojivým dlouhodobým přežíváním. Toto je zřejmě způsobeno agresivní biologickou aktivitou nádoru a pozdní diagnostikou., The authors refer seventy six patients radically operated for pancreatic head carcinoma and analyzed postoperative complications and survival. Material and Methods: During 1/2006–9/2010 76 patients underwent potentially curative hemipancreato-duodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas. The patients are prospectively followed, complications and survival are discussed. Results: The 30-days postoperative mortality was 2,6 %. According to TNM classification 11 % of patients had stage I, 78 % stage II and 3 % stage III. Most severe complications were leak from pancreato-jejunal anastomosis (6,5 %) and delayed gastric emptying (11.8 %). The survival analyses showed 1,2,3 and 4 years survival as follows: 82 %, 52 %, 35 %, 35 % respectively. Conclusion: Resection of the pancreatic head is a safe procedure with low mortality but disappointing long-term survival. This may be due to biological activity of the tumor and late diagnosis., Martin Loveček, Dušan Klos, Pavel Skalický, Jiří Kysučan, Čestmír Neoral, Bohuslav Melichar, Roman Havlík, and Lit.: 10
Karcinom ledviny se liší od ostatních nádorů v mnoha aspektech svým biologickým chováním, s čímž pak také souvisí odlišný terapeutický přístup. Vzhledem k chemorezistenci má v systémové terapii karcinomu ledviny hlavní místo cílená léčba, působící především na vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor, který hraje klíčovou roli v etiopatogenezi a progresi nádorů ledvin., Renal cancer differs from other tumours by its biological behaviour, having an impact on its therapeutic approach. Due to chemoresistance, targeted therapy plays a major role in the treatment of renal carcinoma, targeting mainly vascular endothelial growth factor, a keystone in renal carcinoma etiopathogenesis and progression., Hana Procházková-Študentová, Bohuslav Melichar, and Lit.: 32
Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a rare odontogenic tumor associated with aggressive clinical behavior, metastasis and low survival. We report a case of CCOC affecting the maxilla of 62 year-old woman. It was first described as a clinicopathological entity in 1985 and to date only 67 cases were described in the English literature. We are understanding of the behavior of this carcinomas was depend on limited case reports. For these reason we found important to report this case of CCOC in the maxilla., Zahide Mine Yazici, Ozgur Mete, Zubeyde Elmalı, İbrahim Sayin, Rasim Yilmazer, Fatma Tulin Kayhan, and Literatura 8
Autoři poukazují na specifika poskytování zdravotní péče, která opravňují názor, že poskytování zdravotní péče není prostou službou, ale specifickou činností, označovanou samostatným pojmem zdravotní péče. and Lubomír Vondráček, Jan Vondráček, Zuzana Volejníková
More than half of all of the children in the world, which die before the age of five, die in Africa. Wider availability of several highly effecti - ve interventions such as oral rehyd - ration therapy in cases of diarrhoea could prevent large proportion of these child deaths. Unfortunately these interventions are usually not available in African countries. Ho - wever both availability of different life-saving health interventions and child mortality varies a lot across African countries. The purpose of this article is to explore what are determinants of child mortality and availability of these interventions in Africa. Both a review of existing research and a statistical analysis of data from 41 African countries point to the quality of governance and control of corruption as the most significant determinant of health system performance and availability of these life-saving interventions in Africa., Jan Klusáček, and Literatura
Comparative assessment of clinical efficiency of omeprazole and rabeprazole in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). 65 patients with a verified diagnosis GERD were examined. Comparative clinical investigations of using of omeprazole and rabeprazole have revealed effectiveness of both drugs in the therapy of GERD. However, rabeprazole showed antisecretory action in the earlier periods, providing stable clinical remission of GERD and early scarring of erosive lesions of the esophageal mucosa, compared with omeprazole., Mirvasit Karimov, Abdujabar Akhmatkhodjaev, and Literatura
The target of research was the implementation of the comparative analysis of conservative therapy of preparation of basic therapy and also new methods of treatment (anticytokine therapy). Appointment of salofalk in twos tablets (0, 5) 34 times a day per os, and also 2,0 gr in the form of a rectal enema unitary for a period of seven days, then had transferd the patients to reception 2,0 gr salofalk per os, allowed to achieve substantial improvement patients cliniclaboratory and endoscopic symptoms with a heavy intensification of ulcer colitis variation, providing full cliniclabaratory remissions achievements of disease at 8 (34 %) patients. In the Minister of the Uzbek Public Health of the Republican Science Coloproctological Center at 10 patients with the IDI have spent the therapy remicade, 7 of them had NUC and 3 patients had the Crohn's disease. Therefore, all patients no longer than on the first week after introduction of remicade had improvement of a course disease which was expressed in defering stool, extinction or reduction of pathological impurity in excrement and subsidence bellyaches. During colonoscopical inspection, in 1218 weeks after the first infusion at 80% of the patients had observed disappearance of ulcers and erosion. In terms of 6 months of supervision of relapse of disease was not noted. All new directions in treatment of the IDI, apparently, are perspective, but while are proved only theoretically and had no practical development. Unique and enough effective and safe method at the IDI and already has clinical acknowledgement is remicade., Matkarimov S. R., Rustamov A. E., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura