This paper deals with a bounded control design for a class of nonlinear systems where the mathematical model may be not explicitly given. This class of uncertain nonlinear systems governed by a system of ODE with quasi-Lipschitz right-hand side and containing external perturbations as well. The Attractive Ellipsoid Method (AEM) application permits to describe the class of nonlinear feedbacks (containing a nonlinear projection operator, a linear state estimator and a feedback matrix-gain) guaranteeing a boundedness of all possible trajectories around the origin. To fulfill this property some modification of AEM are introduced: basically, some sort of sample-time corrections of the feedback parameters are required. The optimization of feedback within this class of controllers is associated with the selection of the feedback parameters which provide the trajectory converges within an ellipsoid of a "minimal size". The effectiveness of the suggested approach is illustrated by its application to a flexible arm system).
A weak form of the Henstock Lemma for the PoU-integrable functions is given. This allows to prove the existence of a scalar Volterra derivative for the PoU-integral. Also the PoU-integrable functions are characterized by means of Pettis integrability and a condition involving finite pseudopartitions.
This work provides a detailed morphological description by optic and scanning electron microscopy of the nematode Spirura dentata (Mönnig, 1938), a parasite of Herpestes ichneumon in southern and centra] Spain, together with an analyses of the morphometric variations within this population. Our findings in adult specimens include some important characters not recorded in previous descriptions, and contradict these in a few details: a) the four denticles arising from the inner wall of the oral opening are double, not simple as reported in the original description, b) four simple denticles are present, each located between the corresponding double denticles and the central protuberance of the pseudolabium, c) lateral crests are present running along the first third of the body in the adult, starting a short distance behind the deirids, and d) the pair of small submedian post-cloacal papillae mentioned in the original description has not been observed. The fourth-stage larva is described for the first time. The relative growth rate (i.e., growth rate with respect to body length) of the reproductive zone was higher in females. In adult males, the growth of the left (longer) spicule was positive, whereas that of the right (shorter) spicule was negative.
The classification scheme for micaceous minerals is described. According to the size of mineral particles micas are divided into macrocrystalline compounds and microcrystalline clay micas. Macroc rystalline micas are differentiated into (a) Mg-Fe-Al micas, (b) Li-micas, (c) micas with other cations. Vertical boundary in the suggested scheme divides micas into trioctahedral and dioctahedral members. Additional subdivision is carried out on the basis of the extent of Si substitution in tetrahedral positions of their crystal lattice. Microcrystalline (<4μm) micas are subordinate to the crystallochemical scheme for macrocrystalline micas. List of mica species together with their varieties and synonyms is in Table 2., Karel Melka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
In this paper, we introduce a new linear programming second-order stochastic dominance (SSD) portfolio efficiency test for portfolios with scenario approach for distribution of outcomes and a new SSD portfolio inefficiency measure. The test utilizes the relationship between CVaR and dual second-order stochastic dominance, and contrary to tests in Post \cite{Post} and Kuosmanen \cite{Kuosmanen}, our test detects a dominating portfolio which is SSD efficient. We derive also a necessary condition for SSD efficiency using convexity property of CVaR to speed up the computation. The efficiency measure represents a distance between the tested portfolio and its least risky dominating SSD efficient portfolio. We show that this measure is consistent with the second-order stochastic dominance relation. We find out that this measure is convex and we use this result to describe the set of SSD efficient portfolios. Finally, we illustrate our results on a numerical example.
This paper presents a segmentation technique to handwritten word recognition. This technique implements an algorithm based on an analytical approach. It uses a letter sweeping procedure with a step equal to the Euclidean distance between an established reference index and the entity (the alphabet letter). Then a dissociation of this entity is achieved when this distance will reach a rate of 80%. Our experience about this segmentation technique gives a rate of 81.05% of recognition. A neural multi-layer perceptron classifier confirms the extracted segment. This procedure is successively repeated from the beginning until the end of the word. A concatenation technique is finally used to the word reconstitution.