Number of results to display per page
Search Results
24562. Neolitická těžba v Jizerských horách pohledem pylové a antrakologické analýzy
- Creator:
- Pokorný, Petr, Šída, Petr, Novák, Jan, and Prostředník, Jan
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- neolit, těžební areály, metabazit typu Pojizeří, vývoj vegetace, krajina, paleoekologie, Neolithic, quarrying grounds, Pojizeří (Jizera River valley) type metabasites, vegetation development, landscape, and palaeoecology
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Archeologické výzkumy mapující neolitickou těžbu metabazitů na úpatí Jizerských hor probíhají od r. 2002. K obrovskému množství úštěpů kamenné suroviny a polotovarů vyráběných nástrojů nově přibyl z výplní těžebních jam soubor zuhelnatělého dřeva, který poskytl základní představu o složení stromového patra vegetace a zároveň umožnil konzistentní radiokarbonové datování. Také jsme testovali možnosti pylové analýzy, jejíž výsledky mají potenciál posloužit jako biostratigrafické datovací vodítko a mohly by umožnit rekonstrukci charakteru přírodního prostředí v průběhu těžby a v době těsně následující po jejím ukončení. Oba druhy analýz dovolují rekonstruovat dynamiku tvorby zánikových souvrství a ukazují, že neolitická těžba probíhala uprostřed převážně zalesněné krajiny. and Archaeological investigations mapping the Neolithic quarrying of metabasites at the foothills of the Jizerské Mts. has been conducted since 2002. The enormous amount of flakes of stone raw materials and semi-finished manufactured tools has been supplemented by an assemblage of wood charcoal from the fill of quarrying pits; this new assemblage has provided a basic impression of the composition of arboreal vegetation and has enabled consistent radiocarbon dating. In addition, we also tested the possibilities of pollen analysis, the results of which have the potential to serve as a biostratigraphic dating guideline, possibly enabling a reconstruction of the character of the natural environment at the time the quarrying was conducted and shortly thereafter. Both conducted analyses permit a reconstruction of the creation dynamic of defunct layers; in the case of the Neolithic period they also show that the quarrying was conducted in a primarily wooded landscape.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
24563. Neolitizace střední Evropy
- Creator:
- Pavlů, Ivan
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- neolit, mezolit, kultura s lineární keramikou, střední Evropa, Neolithic, Mesolithic, Linear Pottery culture, and Central Europe
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Stručný přehled názorů na neolitizaci Evropy a vznik kultury s lineární keramikou, jak se mění v posledním desetiletí. Souvislosti nejstaršího evropského neolitu s předcházejícím osídlením nejsou v archeologických nálezech bezprostředně patrné, ale lze je identifikovat v řadě indicií. Především je to zaujímání regionů se znalostí krajiny, gracilnost prvotní architektury, nedostatečná znalost výroby keramiky na samém počátku, nebo přežívání symbolických forem v keramické plastice. and A concise summary of views on the Neolithisation of Europe and the appearance of the Linear Pottery culture, and of how they have changed over the last decade. The relationship of the earliest European Neolithic with earlier settlement is not securely evident in the archaeological record, but may be identified in a range of indices, above all the occupation of the region with a knowledge of the landscape, the grace of the first architecture, the insufficient knowledge of pottery production at the very beginning and the survival of symbolic forms in ceramic sculpture.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/
24564. Neonatal capsaicin administration impairs postnatal development of the cardiac chronotropy and inotropy in rats
- Creator:
- Kuncová, J., Jirkovská, A., Švíglerová, J., Marková, M., Meireles, D., and Čedíková, M.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Capsaicin, Sensory denervation, Cytotoxicity, Postnatal development, and Rat heart
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The present study evaluated the impact of neonatal administration of capsaicin (neurotoxin from red hot pepper used for sensory denervation) on postnatal development of the heart rate and ventricular contractility. In the rats subjected to capsaicin administration (100mg/kg) on postnatal days 2 and 3 and their vehicle-treated controls at the ages of 10 to 90 days, function of the sympathetic innervation of the developing heart was characterized by evaluation of chronotropic responses to metipranolol and atropine, norepinephrine concentrations in the heart, and norepinephrine release from the heart atria. Sensory denervation was verified by determination of calcitonin gene-related peptide levels in the heart. Direct cytotoxic effects of capsaicin were assessed on cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. Capsaicin-treated rats displayed higher resting heart rates, lower atropine effect, but no difference in the effect of metipranolol. Norepinephrine tissue levels and release did not differ from controls. Contraction force of the right ventricular papillary muscle was lower till the age of 60 days. Significantly reduced viability of neonatal cardiomyocytes was demonstrated at capsaicin concentration 100 μmol/l. Our study suggests that neonatal capsaicin treatment leads to impaired maturation of the developing cardiomyocytes. This effect cannot be attributed exclusively to sensory denervation of the rat heart since capsaicin acts also directly on the cardiac cells.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
24565. Neonatal hypoglycemia, early-onset diabetes and hypopituitarism due to the mutation in EIF2S3 gene causing MEHMO syndrome
- Creator:
- Juraj Staník, Škopková, M, Gasperiková, D, Iwar Klimeš, Jarmila Hornová, Tichá, L, Ľubomír Barák, Brennerová, K, and Staníková, D
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, human physiology, MEHMO syndrome, EIF2S3, Diabetes, Hypopituitarism, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Recently, the genetic cause of several syndromic forms of glycemia dysregulation has been described. One of them, MEHMO syndrome, is a rare X-linked syndrome recently linked to the EIF2S3 gene mutations. MEHMO is characterized by Mental retardation, Epilepsy, Hypogonadism/hypogenitalism, Microcephaly, and Obesity. Moreover, patients with MEHMO had also diabetes and endocrine phenotype, but detailed information is missing. We aimed to provide more details on the endocrine phenotype in two previously reported male probands with MEHMO carrying a frame-shift mutation (I465fs) in the EIF2S3 gene. Both probands had a neonatal hypoglycemia, early onset insulindependent diabetes, and hypopituitarism due to dysregulation and gradual decline of peptide hormone secretion. Based on the clinical course in our two probands and also in previously published patients, neonatal hypoglycemia followed by earlyonset diabetes and hypopituitarism may be a consistent part of the MEHMO phenotype., J. Staník, M. Škopková, D. Staníková, K. Brennerová, L. Barák, L. Tichá, J. Hornová, I. Klimeš, D. Gasperiková., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
24566. Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury leads to sex-specific deficits in rearing and climbing in adult mice
- Creator:
- Laštůvka, Zdeněk, Borbélyová, Veronika, Janišová, Kateřina, Otáhal, Jakub, Mysliveček, Jaromír, and Riljak, Vladimír
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- newborn, mouse, hypoxia-ischemia, open-field test, and sex differences
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The study examined the morphological and long-term behavioral impacts of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in a mouse model. We investigated the modification of different behavioral domains, such as spontaneous climbing, which represents fine motor skills. We also focused on sex-dependent differences during hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The Rice-Vannucci model of hypoxia-ischemia was used, adjusted and adapted to 7-day-old C57BL/6NTac mice. The effects of induced hypoxia and ischemia were also studied separately. At postnatal day 60, mice underwent behavioral testing using the LABORAS apparatus. The perfusion for histological evaluation was performed one day after the behavioral analyses. In groups with separately induced hypoxia or ischemia, the observed alterations in behavior were not accompanied by morphological changes in the cortex or hippocampal formation. Female mice naturally climbed significantly more and hypoxic females reared less than hypoxic males (p<0.05). Male mice postnatally exposed to hypoxiaischemia exhibited significantly lower vertical activity and higher horizontal activity (p<0.05). Mild hypoxic damage may not be morphologically detectable but may induce substantial behavioral changes in adult mice. There were significant differences between horizontal and vertical activity in reaction to hypoxiaischemia. Our study indicates that the importance of behavioral testing is irreplaceable and may be reflected in neonatal medicine.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
24567. Neonatal intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA encoding GLP-1 reduces serum insulin level and modifies skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain composition in adult rats
- Creator:
- Wang, L., Guo, F., Wei, S., and Zhao, R.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inzulin, insulin, GLP-1, suckling, skeletal muscle, myosin heavy chain (MyHC), 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- To test the hypothesis that neonatal GLP-1 exposure may program myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition in adult skeletal muscle, two-day-old rats were transfected intramuscularly with vacant vector plasmid (VP), or recombinant plasmid expressing secretory GLP-1 at the doses of 60 μg (LG) and 120 μg (HG), respectively. Expression of GLP-1 mRNA was detected in muscles of both LG and HG rats 7 days after transfection, with more abundant GLP-1 transcript seen in LG rats. In accordance with the GLP-1 expression, LG rats demonstrated more significant responses to neonatal GLP-1 exposure. Small yet significant growth retardation was observed in LG rats, which is accompanied with significantly reduced serum insulin concentration at 8 weeks of age compared to VP rats. The responses of skeletal muscle were dependent on muscle type. Significant increase of PGC-1α and GLUT4 mRNA expression was detected in soleus of LG rats, whereas a MyHC type switch from ⅡB to Ⅰ was seen in gastrocnemius. These results indicate that neonatal exposure of healthy pups to ectopic GLP-1 causes growth retardation with decreased serum insulin as well as muscle type-dependent modifications in MyHC type composition and metabolic gene expression in adult rats., L. Wang ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
24568. Neonatal rat hearts cannot be protected by ischemic postconditioning
- Creator:
- Doul, J., Zuzana Charvátová, Ivana Ošťádalová, Matej Kohutiar, Hana Maxová, and Bohuslav Ošťádal
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, neonatal rats, ischemic postconditioning, tolerance to ischemia, contractile function, lactate dehydrogenase, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Although there are abundant data on ischemic postconditioning (IPoC) in the adult myocardium, this phenomenon has not yet been investigated in neonatal hearts. To examine possible protective effects of IPoC, rat hearts isolated on days 1, 4, 7 and 10 of po stnatal life were perfused according to Langendorff. Developed force (DF) of contraction was measured by an isometric force transducer. Hearts were exposed to 40 or 60 min of global ischemia followed by reperfusion up to the maximum recovery of DF. IPoC wa s induced by three cycles of 10, 30 or 60 s periods of global ischemia/reperfusion. To further determine the extent of ischemic injury, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was measured in the coronary effluent. Tolerance to ischemia did not change from day 1 to day 4 but decreased to days 7 and 10. None of the postconditioning protocols tested led to significant protection on the day 10. Prolonging the period of sustained ischemia to 60 min on day 10 did not lead to better protection. The 3x30 s protocol wa s then evaluated on days 1, 4 and 7 without any significant effects. There were no significant differences in LDH release between postconditioned and control groups. It can be concluded that neonatal hearts cannot be protected by ischemic postconditioning during first 10 days of postnatal life. and J. Doul, Z. Charvátová, I. Ošťádalová, M. Kohutiar, H. Maxová, B. Ošťádal.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
24569. Neopolystoma liewi sp. n. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) from the eye of the Malayan box turtle (Cuora amboinensis)
- Creator:
- du Preez, Louis H. and Lim, L. H. S.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Polystomatidae, Neopolystoma, and Cuora amboinensis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Neopolystoma liewi sp. n. is described from the conjunctival cavity of the Malayan box turtle Cuora amboinensis (Daudin, 1802), in Peninsular Malaysia, This is the first record of Neopolystoma in Malaysia and the fourth polystomatid species described from C. amboinensis. Of the 27 Malayan box turtles examined, 8 were found to be infected. A maximum of 2 parasites per eye and 4 individuals per host was recorded. N. liewi sp. n. differs from all other members of the genus by possessing few and short genital spines and small marginal hooks. The oncomiracidium has 64 ciliated cells arranged symmetrically about the sagittal axis.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
24570. Neoskrjabinolepis merkushevae sp. n. (Cyclophyllidea: Hymenolepididae), a new cestode from shrews from the Palaearctic region
- Creator:
- Kornienko, Svetlana A. and Binkienė, Rasa
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cestoda, Hymenolepididae, Neoskrjabinolepis, Sorex, and Palaearctic region
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Neoskrjabinolepis (Neoskrjabinolepidoides) merkushevae sp. n. is described from the shrew Sorex minutus L. (type host) from Belarus. The new species is characterised by rostellar hooks 35-37 µm long, provided with small epiphyseal thickening of the handle; short (35-40 µm) cirrus consisting of a basal part with claw-shaped spines, a parabasal part with thin needleshaped spines and an unarmed distal part; cirrus-sac slightly passing into median field; and 12-16 eggs per gravid uterus. In addition to the type host and the type locality, the host range of the new species includes Sorex araneus L. and there are geographical records from Bulgaria, Lithuania and North-East Altay (Russia).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public