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25392. Nuoxi Theatre in China /
- Creator:
- Weijie, Yu
- Subject:
- divadlo čínské, světové dějiny od r. 1918 do současnosti, Čína, and divadlo, film, fotografie
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
25393. Nuremberg Laws
- Creator:
- Krošlák, Daniel
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Nuremberg Laws, Anti-semitic legislation, Adolf Hitler, Jews, the Third Reich, and Germany
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 were anti-Semitic laws in Nazi Germany introduced at the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. The article describes their ideological and legislative genesis and analyzes their content, as well as selected implementing regulations which were adopted in the coming years.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
25394. Nutriční hodnota školního stravování
- Creator:
- Devátá, Iveta, Rumlová, Lilian, and Tomicová, Jana
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- stravovací služby--organizace a řízení--využití, kvalita jídla, nutriční hodnota, výživa - hodnocení, výživové doporučené dávky, proteiny--normy, sacharidy--normy, tuky--normy, energetický příjem, školy mateřské, školy--normy, kyselina askorbová--normy, dietní vláknina--normy, pilotní projekty, statistika jako téma, předškolní dítě, dítě, and lidé
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Regionální úkol "Nutriční hodnota školního stravování – výsledky regionálního úkolu Krajské hygienické stanice Středočeského kraje se sídlem v Praze" byl realizován v roce 2013 v návaznosti na pilotní etapu úkolu "Laboratorní stanovení výživové a energetické hodnoty pokrmů školního stravování" z roku 2011. V rámci regionálního úkolu byl proveden odběr pokrmů v zařízeních školního stravování ve Středočeském kraji v 5 po sobě následujících dnech. Celkem byl odběr proveden ve 12 stravovacích zařízeních – 4x ve školní jídelně základní školy, 4x ve školní jídelně mateřské školy a 4x ve stravovacím zařízení poskytujícím celodenní stravu. U vzorků byl stanovován obsah sacharidů, bílkovin, tuků, soli, vlákniny a vitaminu C, dále byla stanovována energetická hodnota a trojpoměr bílkovin, tuků a sacharidů. Z výsledků provedených analýz vyplynulo, že průměrné energetické hodnoty pokrmů ve sledovaném období po započítání nejistoty měření ve většině případů odpovídaly daným referenčním hodnotám pro danou skupinu strávníků. Většina stanovovaných ukazatelů však neodpovídala referenčním hodnotám pro dané živiny. U analyzovaných pokrmů převládalo především nadměrné zastoupení bílkovin a soli a nízký obsah vitaminu C. Dle výsledků analýz tedy děti a žáci přijímají dostatečné a přiměřené množství energie, ovšem zastoupení živin, které tuto energii vytvářejí, není zajištěno ve správných poměrech dle současných výživových doporučení., The Regional task "Nutritional value of school meals" was performed following the pilot phase of the task called "Laboratory determination of nutritional and energy value of school meals" performed in 2011. The Regional task comprises sampling of meals served within school catering in the Central Bohemian Region in 5 consecutive days. Sampling was performed at 12 catering establishments – 4 school canteens in elementary schools, 4 school canteens in kindergartens and 4 school canteens in establishments providing daily diet. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, salt, fiber and vitamin C content were determined in the analysis of the samples as well as the energy value and ratio of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. The results of the analyses revealed that the average energy value of meals within the observed period in most cases corresponded to the reference values for the group of diners. Most of the indicators, however, did not correspond to the reference values determined for individual nutrients. Most of the samples reported a high content of proteins and salt and a low content of vitamin C. According to the analysis results, children and students receive an adequate and reasonable amount of energy, but the ratio of the nutrients that make this energy is not provided in the right proportions according to current dietary recommendations., Iveta Devátá, Lilian Rumlová, Jana Tomicová, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
25395. Nutrition as prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
- Creator:
- Miroslav Stránský and Lydie Ryšavá
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hygiena. Lidské zdraví, zdraví, osteoporóza, prevence onemocnění, výživa člověka, health, osteoporosis, prevention of diseases, human nutrition, makronutrienty, mikronutrienty, macronutrients, mikronutrients, 14, and 613
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton, characterized by reduction of bone mass and concurrent deterioration of bone structure. Consequently, bones are more fragile, and there is increased risk of fractures. The potential for acquisition of maximum bone mass is influenced by a number of factors. Among those are heredity, sex, nutrition, endocrine factors, mechanical influences and some risk factors. The best documented nutrient for metabolism of bone is calcium. Major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis have some micro and macro nutrients, prebiotics, alcohol, alternative diets, starvation and anorexia. Meta analysis of 29 randomized trials showed that supplementation with calcium and vitamin D3 reduces risk of bone fractures by 24 % and significantly reduces loss of bone mass. Osteoporosis has multi factor etiology. Osteoporosis is one of diseases which are influenced by nutrition and life style. It is preventable by means of adequate nutrition and sufficient physical activity., M. Stránský, L. Ryšavá., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
25396. Nutritional intervention as an essential part of multiple sclerosis treatment?
- Creator:
- Adela Penesová, Dean, Z., Branislav Kollár, Havranová, A., Richard Imrich, Vlček, M., and Rádiková, Ž.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- roztroušená skleróza, nenasycené mastné kyseliny, multiple sclerosis, unsaturated fatty acids, neuroinflammation, diet, saturated fatty acids, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In addition to the genetic, epigenetic and immunological components, various other factors, e.g. unhealthy dietary habits, play a role in the MS pathogenesis. Dietary intervention is a highly appealing approach, as it presents a simple and relatively low risk method to potentially improve outcomes in patients with brain disorders in order to achieve remission and improvement of clinical status, well-being and life expectancy of patients with MS. The importance of saturated fat intake restriction for the clinical status improvement of MS patients was pointed for the first time in 1950s. Recently, decreased risk of first clinical diagnosis of CNS demyelination associated with higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids particularly originating from fish was reported. Only few clinical trials have been performed to address the question of the role of dietary intervention, such is e.g. low saturated fat diet in MS treatment. This review summarizes current knowledge about the effect of different dietary approaches (diets low in saturated fat and dietary supplements such as fish oil, lipoic acid, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, seeds oils, high fiber diet, vitamin D, etc.) on neurological signs, patient’s well-being, physical and inflammatory status. So far the results are not conclusive, therefore much more research is needed to confirm and to understand the effectiveness of these dietary interventions in the long term and well defined studies., A. Penesová, Z. Dean, B. Kollár, A. Havranová, R. Imrich, M. Vlček, Ž. Rádiková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
25397. Nutritive cost of interguild predation on eggs of Coccinella septempunctata and Adalia bipunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
- Creator:
- Hemptinne, Jean-Louis, Dixon, Anthony F. G., and Gauthier, Catherine
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Coccinellidae, ladybird beetles, intraguild predation on eggs, costs, larval development, survival, and alkaloids
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Coccinella septempunctata was approximately 20% more reluctant to eat the eggs of Adalia bipunctata than the reverse. In addition, fourth instar larvae of C. septempunctata failed to complete their development on a diet of A. bipunctata eggs and only 30% of those of A. bipunctata completed their development on a diet of C. septempunctata eggs, and the survivors took nearly 2 times as long as those fed aphids. This is an indication that the costs of intraguild predation might outweigh the benefits.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
25398. Nybelinia queenslandensis sp. n. (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) parasitic in Carcharhinus melanopterus, from Australia, with observations on the fine structure of the scolex including the rhyncheal system
- Creator:
- Jones, Malcolm K. and Beveridge, Ian
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Cestoda, Trypanorhyncha, Tenlaculariidae, Nybelinia, morphology, scolex, ultrastructure, tentacles, and taxonomy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new species of Nybelinia Poche, 1926, N. queenslandensis sp. n. (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) is described from sharks, Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy et Gaimard, 1824) from the coast of northeastern Queensland, Australia. Morphological features of the 46 known species of Nybelinia Poche, 1926 are tabulated and the new species is differentiated from all known taxa that are adequately described on the basis of having a homcomorphous armature, metabasal hooks 20-25 pm long, tentacles 0.07-0.09 mm in diameter, short bulbs (0.38-0.45 mm) and craspedote segments with the testes encircling the female genital complex. The fine structure of the scolex microtriches, frontal and rhynchodeal glands, tentacles and hooks, sheath and retractor muscle is described and compared with that of other trypanorhynchs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
25399. Nymburk lan :
- Creator:
- Plavec, Michal,
- Type:
- text and studie
- Subject:
- Historická věda. Pomocné vědy historické. Archivnictví, Hájek z Libočan, Václav,, metrologie, míry plošné, míry délkové, registra, edice, kroniky, české země 1526-1620, and hospodářské dějiny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Nymburský lán. Několik poznámek k novověkým jednotkám.
- Rights:
- unknown
25400. Nymphal and adult cephalic chaetotaxy of the Cydnidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), and its adaptive, taxonomic and phylogenetic significance
- Creator:
- Lis, Jerzy A. and Pluot-Sigwalt, Dominique
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Cydnidae, morphology, cephalic chaetotaxy, primary setae, secondary setae, adults, nymphs, and ontogenesis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cephalic chaetotaxy of nymphal and adult stages of species from all the subfamilies of Cydnidae s. str. (sensu Froeschner, 1960 and Lis, 1994), namely Garsauriinae, Cephalocteinae, Cydninae, Sehirinae, and Amnestinae, was studied. Two types of setae, primary and secondary, are described, and changes they undergo during ontogeny reviewed. The adaptive, taxonomic and phylogenetic significance of the cephalic setae in the Cydnidae s. str. is discussed. A ground-plan of the original cephalic chaetotaxy of the family, and its evolution within the family Cydnidae s. str. are proposed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public