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28672. Partially phosphorylated phosphorylase in the rat heart after β-receptor stimulation in vivo
- Creator:
- Kuželová-Belanová, M., Vereb, G., and Švec, P.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- glycogen phosphorylase, phosphorylase ab hybrid, isoproterenol, protein phosphorylation, and rat heart
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The formation of the phosphorylase ab hybrid and its further transformation into phosphorylase a has been demonstrated in the rat heart after different periods of i.v. isoproterenol administration. Phosphorylase ab hybrid was determined in the presence of AMP and/or caffeine. Only the partially phosphorylated phosphorylase was found in the control rat hearts and its activity was 30 % of the total phosphorylase. The phosphorylase ab hybrid was disclosed particularly after small isoproterenol doses (0.031 -0.062 /rg.kg-1) and at short time interval (15 s) after its administration. Higher isoproterenol doses (0.25-0.5 ¿/g.kg-1) changed the partially phosphorylated phosphorylase to phosphorylase a (58 %) after a longer time interval (40 s), The phosphorylase ab hybrid was revealed even at the maximal rate of stimulation. The formation of the phosphorylase ab hybrid in the rat heart in vivo appears to be of physiological significance. Our results confirmed the earlier suggestion that the -AMP/-f AMP activity ratio reflects the percentage proportion of the phosphorylated subunits of phosphorylase but not of the activated phosphorylase molecules.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28673. Partially-2-homogeneous monounary algebras
- Creator:
- Jakubíková-Studenovská, Danica
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- monounary algebra, 2-homogeneous, 2-set-homogeneous, partially-2-homogeneous, and partially-2-set-homogeneous
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper is a continuation of [5], where $k$-homogeneous and $k$-set-homogeneous algebras were defined. The definitions are analogous to those introduced by Fraïssé [2] and Droste, Giraudet, Macpherson, Sauer [1] for relational structures. In [5] we found all 2-homogeneous and all 2-set-homogeneous monounary algebras when the homogenity is considered with respect to subalgebras, to connected subalgebras and with respect to connected partial subalgebras, respectively. The results of [3], where all homogeneous monounary algebras were characterized, were applied in [4] for 1-homogeneity. The aim of the present paper is to describe all monounary algebras which are 2-homogeneous and 2-set-homogeneous with respect to partial subalgebras, respectively; we will say that they are partially-2-homogeneous and partially-2-set-homogeneous.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
28674. Participácia sestier na onkopreventívnych činnostiach v podmienkach slovenského a anglického zdravotníckeho systému
- Creator:
- Obročníková, Andrea and Majerníková, Ľudmila
- Format:
- braille, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, statistics, srovnávací studie, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, zdravotní sestry--statistika a číselné údaje--využití, primární prevence--metody, vzdělávání pacientů jako téma, nádory--prevence a kontrola, ambulantní péče--metody--pracovní síly, průzkumy a dotazníky, and statistika jako téma
- Language:
- Czech, Slovak, and English
- Description:
- Cieľ: Zámerom výskumnej štúdie bolo zistiť, do akej miery sa podieľajú sestry primárnej zdravotnej starostlivosti v onkologickej prevencii v závislosti od štátnej príslušnosti (pracujúce v Slovenskej republike a vo Veľkej Británii – Wales). Metodika: Realizovaná štúdia mala charakter kauzálno-komparatívneho výskumu, ex-post facto. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 165 respondentov (počtom 87 sestier v SR a 78 sestier VB) pracujúcich v ambulantných zariadeniach primárnej zdravotnej starostlivosti. Zber údajov prebiehal v období január – júl 2012. Za hlavnú metódu výskumu sme zvolili exploračnú metódu – neštandardizovaný dotazník, ktorý bol po osobnom súhlase sestry predložený a dobrovoľne vyplnený. Pre štatistickú komparáciu sledovaných skupín sme použili dvojrozmernú induktívnu štatistiku, Studentov dvojvzorkový t-test. Výsledky: Štatistickým spracovaním a analýzou získaných údajov boli zaznamenané signifi kantne významné rozdiely v participácii sestier na onkologickej prevencii medzi dvoma krajinami EÚ. V skupine anglických sestier boli pozorované lepšie skórovacie výsledky oproti slovenským sestrám, najmä vo vedení dokumentácie o prítomných rizikových faktoroch podmieňujúcich onkogenézu, v edukácii pacienta/klienta o škodlivosti identifi kovaného rizikového faktora a vedení jej záznamu, v demonštrácii selfdetekčných techník, v realizácii fyzikálneho vyšetrenia u pacienta s dôrazom na prvotné príznaky a aktívnom pozývaní pacientov k preventívnym prehliadkam, či očkovaniu. Záver: Zistené výsledky poukázali na vyššiu mieru uplatnenia preventívnych činností anglickými sestrami, čo možno vysvetliť oprávnením sestier vykonávať preventívne prehliadky a to aktívnym pozývaním pacientov k jednotlivým skríningovým vyšetreniam podľa národných kritérií(National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Guidelines)zohľadňujúce vek, pohlavie, rizikovosť rodiny, čo môže byť stimulom pre zviditeľnenie a zefektívnenie preventívnej starostlivosti v SR, ktorá bude realizovaná sestrami za uznania ich legitímnych kompetencií všetkými zainteresovanými stranami., Aim: The aim of the research study was to determine the extent to which nurses are involved in primary health care in the cancer prevention, depending on nationality (working in the Slovak Republic and the United Kingdom – Wales). Methods: The realized study was character of causal – comparative research, ex – post facto. The research sample consisted of 165 respondents (number 87 nurses in SR and 78 UK nurses) working in outpatient primary care. The data collection was gathered in the period from January to July 2012. We chose the exploratory research method – non-standardized questionnaire, which was submitted and voluntarily completed with personal consent by nurses. For statistical comparison of observed groups, we used two-dimensional inductive statistics, dualsamples Student’s t-test. Results: The statistical processing and analysis of the data showed a signifi cant correlation between the participation of nurses in cancer prevention and nationality. In a group of British nurses were observed scoring with better results compared in group of Slovak nurses in leading documentation of present risk factors underlying oncogenesis, in the education of patient / client about the harmfulness of the identifi ed risk factor and its recording, in demonstrating the body self examination techniques, in the implementation of physical examination with an emphasis the early signs in a patient and in active inviting patients to preventive examinations or vaccinations. Conclusion: The results showed a higher rate in application of the preventive activities in Brithish nurses, what it can be explained by licensed nurses to perform preventive inspections and by actively inviting patients to each screening examination according to national criteria, taking into account age, gender, risk families (NICE guidelines). These facts may be an incentive for eff ectiveness of preventive care in Slovakia, which will be carried out by nurses for recognition of their legitimate competencies by all stakeholders., Andrea Obročníková, Ľudmila Majerníková, and Literatura
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
28675. Participation in fraudulent elections
- Creator:
- Vorobyev, Dmitriy, Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic and 41 s. : il.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Volby, volební kampaně, referenda, volební podvody, volební účast, electoral frauds, electoral participation, 342.841, 324:323.21, (048.8), 15, and 324
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Dmitriy Vorobyev., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, České resumé, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28676. Participation in pharmaceutical costs and seniors' access to medicines in the Czech Republic
- Creator:
- Davidová, Jana
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
28677. Participation of coenzyme Q10 in the rejection development of the transplanted heart: a clinical study
- Creator:
- Kucharská, J., Gvozdjáková, A., Mizera, S., Braunová, Z., Schreinerová, Z., Schrameková, E., Pecháň, I., and Fabián, J.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- human heart transplantation, rejection, coenzyme Qio, and alpha-tocopherol
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Coenzyme Qio and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were assessed in 28 endomyocardial biopsies from 22 patients and in 61 blood samples from 31 patients after heart transplantation with histologically confirmed signs of rejection. The values were compared to the group of 14 patients with cardiomyopathies of unclear etiology as candidates for heart transplantation. Blood analyses were also compared with 50 healthy persons. Myocardial and blood coenzyme Qio concentrations were already significantly decreased in the incipient phase of rejection (degree 0-1) and also in rejection phase 1 and 2. In patients without rejection signs myocardial and blood coenzyme Qio values were similar to those of cardiomyopathic patients. No significant differences were found in alpha-tocopherol concentrations in relation to signs of rejection. Increased plasma lipid peroxidation quantified as malondialdehyde production was detected in all groups of transplanted patients. The results contribute to the explanation of some pathobiochemical mechanisms participating in the rejection development of the transplanted heart.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28678. Participation of electrogenic Na+-K+-ATPase in the membrane potential of earthworm body wall muscles
- Creator:
- Volkov, E. M., Nurullin, L. F., Ivana Švandová, Nikolsky, E. E., and František Vyskočil
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, žížaly, žáby, earthworms, frogs, Na+-K+-ATPase, resting membrane potential, ouabain, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The effect of Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain on the resting membrane potential (Vm) was studied by glass microelectrodes in isolated somatic longitudinal muscles of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris and compared with frog sartorius muscle. In earthworm muscle, Vm was -49 mV (inside negative) in a reference external solution with 4 mmol/l K+. The electrogenic participation of Na+-K+-ATPase was absent in solutions with very low concentrations of 0.01 mmol/l K+, higher in 4 and 8 mmol/l K+ (4-5 mV) and maximal (13 mV) in solutions containing 12 mmol/l K+ where Vm was -46 mV in the absence and -33 mV in the presence of 1x10-4 M ouabain. The electrogenic participation of Na+-K+-ATPase was much smaller in m. sartorius of the frog Rana temporaria bathed in 8 and 12 mmol/l K+. The results indicate that the Na+-K+-ATPase is an important electrogenic factor in earthworm longitudinal muscle fibres and that its contribution to Vm depends directly on the concentration of K+ in the bathing solution., E. M. Volkov, L. F. Nurullin, I. Švandová, E. E. Nikolsky, F. Vyskočil., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
28679. Participation of heart mitochondria in myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury: benefit effects of short-term adaptation processes
- Creator:
- Miroslav Ferko, Kancirová, I., Jašová, M., Waczulíková, I., Slávka Čarnická, Jarmila Kucharská, Oľga Uličná, Vančová, O., Muráriková, M., Ravingerová, T., and Ziegelhöffer, A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, mitochondrie, mitochondrias, remote ischemic preconditioning, acute streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, heart mitochondria, membrane fluidity, infarct size, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Acute streptozotocin diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as remote ischemic preconditioning (RPC) has shown a favorable effect on the postischemic-reperfusion function of the myocardium. Cardioprotective mechanisms offered by these experimental models involve the mitochondria with the changes in functional properties of membrane as the end-effector. The aim was to find out whether separate effects of RPC and DM would stimulate the mechanisms of cardioprotection to a maximal level or whether RPC and DM conditions would cooperate in stimulation of cardioprotection. Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats divided into groups: control, DM, RPC and DM treated by RPC (RPC+DM). RPC protocol of 3 cycles of 5-min hind limb ischemia followed by 5-min reperfusion was used. Ischemicreperfusion injury was induced by 30-min ischemia followed by 40-min reperfusion of the hearts in Langendorff mode. Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation, infarct size assessed by staining with 1 % 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, mitochondrial membrane fluidity with a fluorescent probe DPH, CoQ9 and CoQ10 with HPLC. Results revealed that RPC as well as DM decreased the infarct size and preserved mitochondrial function by increasing the mitochondrial membrane fluidity. Both used models separately offered a sufficient protection against ischemic-reperfusion injury without an additive effect of their combination., M. Ferko, I. Kancirová, M. Jašová, I. Waczulíková, S. Čarnická, J. Kucharská, O. Uličná, O. Vančová, M. Muráriková, T. Ravingerová, A. Ziegelhöffer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
28680. Participation of nitric oxide in different models of experimental hypertension
- Creator:
- Török, Jozef
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, endotel, oxid dusnatý, endoteliální dysfunkce, hypertenze, physiology, endothelium, nitric oxide, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, reactive oxygen species, arterial structural changes, NO-deficient hypertension, genetic hypertension, salt hypertension, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This review concerns the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of different models of experimental hypertension (NO-deficient, genetic, salt-dependent), which are characterized by a wide range of etiology. Although the contribution of NO may vary between different models of hypertension, a unifying characteristic of these models is the presence of oxidative stress that participates in the maintenance of elevated arterial pressure and seems to be a common denominator underlying endothelial dysfunction in various forms of experimental hypertension. Besides the imbalance between the endothelial production of vasorelaxing and vasoconstricting compounds as well as the relative insufficiency of vasodilator systems to compensate augmented vasoconstrictor systems, there were found numerous structural and functional abnormalities in blood vessels and heart of hypertensive animals. The administration of antihypertensive drugs, antioxidants and NO donors is capable to attenuate blood pressure elevation and to improve morphological and functional changes of cardiovascular system in some but not all hypertensive models. The failure to correct spontaneous hypertension by NO donor administration reflects the fact that sympathetic overactivity plays a key role in this form of hypertension, while NO production in spontaneously hypertensive rats might be enhanced to compensate increased blood pressure. A special attention should be paid to the modulation of sympathetic nervous activity in central and peripheral nervous system. These results extend our knowledge on the control of the balance between NO and reactive oxygen species production and are likely to be a basis for the development of new approaches to the therapy of diseases associated with NO deficiency., J. Török., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public