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29052. PhDr. Josef Polák (1886-1945) as presented in exhibiton and catalogue format /
- Creator:
- Stránský, Zbyněk,
- Type:
- text
- Subject:
- Polák, Josef,, výstavy, Židé, muzea židovská, muzejníci, židovská věda, kultura a školství, české a československé výstavy, and Československo 1918-1945
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- [Výstava - Praha, Bratislava, Košice, Budapest, 2006-2007]
- Rights:
- unknown
29053. PhDr. Milan Aleš in Memoriam /
- Creator:
- Růžková, Jiřina,
- Type:
- text and nekrology
- Subject:
- Demografie. Populace, Aleš, Milan,, demografové, statistici, and dějiny historické demografie a statistiky, jednotlivci
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
29054. Phenology and sex ratio of the parasitoids of a cereal leaf miner Chromatomyia fuscula (Diptera: Agromyzidae)
- Creator:
- Hågvar, Eline B., Trandem, Nina, and Hofsvang, Trond
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Agromyzidae, Chromatomyia fluscula, Chalcidoidea, Cyrtogaster vulgaris, Diglyphus begini, leaf miner, barley, boundary, Malaise, parasitoid, phenology, and sex ratio
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The univoltine leaf miner Chromatomyia fuscula Zetterstedt is a Scandinavian cereal pest. We wanted to compare the phenology of C. fuscula in southern Norway with that of its most important natural enemies: 15 parasitoids of the families Eulophidae and Pteromalidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). The use of two Malaise traps in an organically-grown spring barley field and its boundary through 6 seasons (1992-1997) also allowed us to compare these two habitats and to observe the effect of harvesting on the parasitoid activity without interference from pesticides. C. fuscula overwinters as an adult and oviposits in May/June. Few specimens of the next generation, emerging in the crop, were caught in the boundary traps, suggesting the fly hibernates elsewhere. In contrast, the F1 generation of the parasitoids was caught in considerable amounts both in the crop and boundary. The abundance of parasitoids was highest in July/August; in the crop it usually started decreasing well before harvesting; in the boundary it peaked two weeks or more after harvesting. The results suggest that many parasitoids (especially females) move from the crop to the boundary (or beyond) before harvesting. In both habitats parasitoid species richness usually increased until harvesting, and thereafter decreased. The pooled parasitoid female proportion was 0.36; in crop and boundary it was 0.30 and 0.66, respectively, and the majority of species had a higher proportion of females in the boundary than in the crop. The phenology of two of the most common parasitoids is presented: The pupal parasitoid Cyrtogaster vulgaris Walker (Pteromalidae) had a high activity in the boundary, also very early (females only) and late (both sexes) in the season. The larval parasitoid Diglyphus begini (Ashmead) (Eulophidae) was less active early and late in the season, and had a much smaller boundary activity than C. vulgaris. Both sexes were present throughout the season. The annual sex ratio of D. begini was density dependent, being highly male biased in the two years with highest catches. In C. vulgaris neither density nor habitat explained the sex ratio. D. begini probably overwinters inside the mine as a preadult, having one generation on C. fuscula in the crop and another one in an alternate host away from the habitats sampled here. C. vulgaris overwinters as fertilized females in the border habitat.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
29055. Phenomenology and Henology.
- Creator:
- Barbaras, Renaud
- Publisher:
- Chvatík, I., Abrams, E. (vyd.), Jan Patočka and the Heritage of Phenomenology. Centenary Papers. Dordrecht-Heidelberg-London-New York (Springer) 2011, str. 99-110
- Type:
- Text and Text, Sekundární literatura
- Subject:
- 2011, en, and sekundární literatura
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- open access and Rights holder: Archiv Jana Patočky, z.s.
29056. Phenomenon of Revolution in Jan Slavík's Historical Thought /
- Creator:
- Středa, Petr,
- Type:
- text
- Subject:
- Slavík, Jan,, historici, historiografie, revoluce, teoretické a metodologické základy historie, Československo 1918-1992, and dějepisectví, historické vědy, historici
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
29057. Phenotype analysis of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes and lymphocytes in peripheral blood in patients with renal carcinoma
- Creator:
- Kopecký, Otakar
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
29058. Phenotype variability in Czech patients carrying PAX6 disease-causing variants
- Creator:
- Moravikova, J., Kozmik, Z., Hlavata, L., Putzova, M., Skalicka, P., Michaelides, M., Malinka, F., Dudakova, L., and Liskova, P.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- aniridia, ptosis, congenital cataract, uveal coloboma, PAX6, novel variant, and exon trapping
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The aim of this study was to report PAX6 disease-causing variants in six Czech families, to describe the associated phenotypes, and to perform functional assessment of the splice site variants. Detailed ophthalmic examination was performed. The PAX6 coding region was directly sequenced in three probands. Two probands were analysed by exome sequencing and one by genome sequencing. The effect of two variants on pre-mRNA splicing was evaluated using an exon trapping assay. Six different heterozygous PAX6 variants were identified, with c.111_120del and c.1183+1G˃T being novel. Both c.1183+1G˃T and c.1032+1G>A were proved to cause aberrant splicing with exon skipping and subsequent frameshift. The phenotypic features were variable between and within families. One individual, aged 31 years, presented with mild unilateral ptosis accompanied by aniridia in the right eye, partial aniridia in the left eye, and bilateral congenital cataracts, without marked foveal hypoplasia. Bilateral microcornea, partial aniridia, congenital cataracts, and a large posterior segment coloboma were found in another proband, aged 32 years. One child, aged 8 years, had bilateral high myopia, optic nerve colobomas, anterior polar cataracts, but no iris defects. Another individual, aged 46 years, had bilateral congenital ptosis, iris hypoplasia, keratopathy with marked fibrovascular pannus, anterior polar cataract, and foveal hypoplasia combined with impaired glucose tolerance. However, his daughter, aged 11 years, showed classical features of aniridia. Our study extends the genetic spectrum of PAX6 disease-causing variants and confirms that the associated phenotypic features may be very broad and different to the ‘classical’ aniridia.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
29059. Phenotypic pattern over centric fusion clinal variation in the water-hyacinth grasshopper, Cornops aquaticum (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
- Creator:
- Colombo, Pablo C and Remis, María I
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- rovnokřídlí, Orthoptera, Acrididae, Cornops aquaticum, centric fusions, grasshoppers, chromosomal clines, morphometric effects, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The water-hyacinth grasshopper, Cornops aquaticum, occurs in freshwater environments in the New World between latitudes 23°N and 35°S. At the southernmost margin of this distribution the populations are polymorphic for three centric fusions (Robertsonian translocations). The frequencies of these chromosome rearrangements increase southwards and the recombination in structural homozygotes and heterozygotes diminishes both along the middle and lower courses of the Paraná River. In the present paper we report a similar cline along the southward flowing Uruguay River. In addition, we report the morphological effects of two of these centric fusion polymorphisms, namely the fusions between chromosomes 2 and 5 of the standard complement (fusion 2/5) and chromosomes 3 and 4 (fusion 3/4) and extend this study to the Uruguay River. There is a strong inverse correlation of fusion frequency with temperature, which indicates that these polymorphisms may be related to increased tolerance of colder climates in this originally tropical species, or some other correlated variable. This study is a further example of chromosomal clines correlated with latitude and is one of a few examples of chromosome polymorphisms associated with phenotypic effects. Finally, it indicates ways of using this species for controlling pests., Pablo C. Colombo, María I. Remis., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
29060. Phenotypic plasticity and development of cold-season insects (Coleoptera: Leiodidae) and their response to climatic change
- Creator:
- Topp, Werner
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Life history, distributional range, circannual development, homeostasis, bet-hedging, and Pleistocene
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cold-season beetles, Catops nigricans Spence, Choleva agilis Illiger and Choleva elongata Payk., i.e. beetles which start to lay eggs in autumn, which are active during the winter in the adult stage and develop from the egg stage to the adult stage mainly during the winter months, were collected from various locations in north-western Europe and reared in the laboratory at varying temperatures and photoperiods. Reproduction of all species started in autumn and continued during the winter months. Highest reproductive and survival rates occurred at low temperatures and within a small thermal window ranging from 5° to 10°C: The fitness of individuals decreased at higher and lower temperatures. The lower thermal threshold for all developmental stages was in the range from -5°C to +2°C. The metabolisms of the species were independent of temperature in both dormant and non-dormant stages and were elevated in the low temperature range in comparison to other species which show a temperature-dependent reaction pattern. Optimal dates for reproduction were determined by the duration of an obligatory adult summer diapause. In C. nigricans, which favours the litter layer of deciduous forests, this duration was fine-tuned by exogenic factors, such as photoperiod and temperature. In contrast, the soil-inhabiting species Ch. elongata showed a homeostatic response pattern, independent of temperature and photoperiod. Heritability (h2) of the duration of diapause was approximately 0.26 in C. nigricans, less pronounced in Ch. agilis (ca. 0.12) and not evident in the subterranean species Ch. elongata. All three species compensated for the vagaries of climate through bet-hedging tactics. Bet-hedging is so pervasive that a recent substantial increase in temperature seems to have a negligible effect on the distribution pattern of all three species. Based on life-history data it is conceivable that both soil-inhabiting Choleva species, which require a relatively low thermal sum for their development, were already present in western Europe during the sub-arctic conditions when ice shields reached their maximum extension during glacial periods by shifting their activity from the cold to the warm season. The Atlantic fringe north of the Pyrenees, where the climate was not cold enough for permafrost during glacial stages, was probably the only refuge where Ch. elongata might have survived. In contrast, the Mediterranean region should have been the northernmost refuge for C. nigricans during glacial periods. This species has relatively high day-degree requirements (= 1150 d°) for individual development when compared to both Choleva species (= 700 d°).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public