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30584. Preimplantation embryo development in ICR mice after streptozotocin treatment

Creator:
Mihalik, J., Rehák, P., Veselá, J., Čikoš, Š., Baran, V., and Koppel, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
preimplantation embryo, streptozotocin, superovulation, insulin, and ICR mice
Language:
English
Description:
To investigate the significance of impaired insulin secretion on preimplantation embryo development, outbred ICR female mice received a single injection of streptozotocin 130 mg (low) and 160 mg (subdiabetic) kg-1, 14-17 days before fertilization. Preimplantation embryos were collected on day 3 of pregnancy, four to eight-cell embryos were cultured in vitro 48 h (day 5) and their cell number was estimated. After spontaneous ovulation, the significantly different distribution pattern in comparison with the controls was detected only in preimplantation embryos isolated from subdiabetic (160 mg.kg-1 streptozotocin) mice. Furthermore, the incidence of degenerated embryos was significantly increased after 48 h in vitro cultivation. The analysis of cell number distribution in embryos after cultivation in vitro indicated a significant delay in cell proliferation in both experimental groups (130 and 160 mg.kg-1 streptozotocin) in comparison with control mice. After superovulation, the only significant difference was foTund in the distribution pattern of embryos isolated on day 3 of pregnancy from subdiabetic (160 mg.kg-1 streptozotocin) mice. No significant differences were found after embryo cultivation in vitro. It could be concluded th at, in outbred ICR mice, lower streptozotocin treatment (130 mg.kg-1) influenced only cell distribution of in vitro cultured embryos after spontaneous ovulation. In ICR mice, marked changes in preimplantation embryo development were detected only after subdiabetic (160 mg.kg-1) streptozotocin treatment. During in vitro cultivation delayed effects of impaired insulin secretion resulted in an increase of embryo degeneration at the time after the third mitotic cleavage. Our results indicate that the effects of impaired maternal insulin secretion on preimplantation embryo development in mice are marked and consistent after spontaneous ovulation. Suiperovulation apparently disguises subtle changes in preimplantation embryo development after low and subdiabetic streptozotocin treatment.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

30585. Překrývání neurodegenerativních demencí

Creator:
Rohan, Zdeněk, Matěj, Radoslav, and Rusina, Robert
Format:
print, text, and regular print
Type:
model:article, article, Text, přehledy, práce podpořená grantem, and TEXT
Subject:
neurodegenerativní nemoci--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, komorbidita, Alzheimerova nemoc--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, tauopatie--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, vaskulární demence--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, demence s Lewyho tělísky--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, Parkinsonova nemoc--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, proteinopatie TDP-43--diagnóza--etiologie--komplikace, mezioborová komunikace, statistika jako téma, and lidé
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
Neuropatologická diagnostická kritéria neurodegenerací jsou založena na průkazu specifických změn v parenchymu korelujících s klinickým obrazem. Souběžná neuropatologicky definovaná onemocnění odpovídají kombinaci dvou (i více) odlišných, plně rozvinutých postižení u téhož pacienta. U souběžné patologie více entit v ohraničených oblastech mozku vedle primární nozologické jednotky nacházíme zároveň depozita proteinu specifického pro jinou neurodegeneraci. Častá je kombinace Alzheimerovy nemoci (AN) s inkluzemi alfa‑synukleinu. U AN se může zároveň ukládat i protein TDP‑43, není ale jasné, zda se jedná o atypicky probíhající AN nebo kombinaci atypické AN s frontotemporální lobární degenerací. Komorbidity AN a tauopatií jsou relativně vzácné. U pacientů s Creutzfeldtovou‑Jakobovou nemocí lze diagnostikovat doprovodnou AN nebo demenci s Lewyho tělísky. Kombinace vaskulární patologie s primární neurodegenerací (nejčastěji AN nebo demencí s Lewyho tělísky) se historicky označuje jako smíšená demence. Kombinace neuropatologicky potvrzených neurodegenerací může vést k atypickým klinickým projevům, které ilustrujeme na příkladech s odkazy na publikované kazuistiky ze souboru našich pacientů. Klíčová slova: neurodegenerace – Alzheimerova nemoc - tauopatie – protein TDP-43 – synukleinopatie – smíšená demence, Neuropathological diagnostic criteria of neurodegenerative disorders are based on the presence of specific lesions in the brain tissue that correlate with clinical symptoms. Concomitant neurodegenerative disorders correspond to a combination of two (or more) different fully developed diseases in one patient. Concomitant neurodegenerative pathology stays for the presence of a definite neurodegeneration and deposits specific for another, but not fully developed, disease. Frequent overlaps include Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and alpha-synuclein inclusions. In AD, protein TDP-43 may co-aggregate but it is not clear whether this is an atypical but isolated AD, or an overlap of AD with early frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Comorbidities of AD and tauopathies are relatively rare. In Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, concomitant AD or Lewy body dementia may occur. A combination of vascular pathology with a primary neurodegeneration (mostly Alzheimer’s disease or Lewy body dementia) is historically called mixed dementia. Overlap of neuropathologically confirmed neurodegenerations may lead to atypical and unusual clinical presentations, illustrated with examples and references to published case reports from our patient cohort. Key words: neurodegeneration – Alzheimer’s disease – tauopathy – TDP-43 protein – synucleinopathy – mixed dementia The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study. The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers., and Z. Rohan, R. Matěj, R. Rusina
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

30586. Preliminary assessment of the effect of noise on velocity uncertainty on the Nigerian permanent GNSS network

Creator:
Bawa, Swafiyudeen, Ojigi, Lazarus Mustapha, Dodo, Joseph Danasabe, and Lawal, Kola Muideen
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
NigNET, time series, noise, velocity, and Nigeria
Language:
English
Description:
With the evolution of GNSS technology, geodynamic activities can appropriately be modelled nowadays. GNSS derived time series from wdhich velocities and their uncertainties are derived, are vital derivatives in geodynamic modelling processes. Therefore, understanding all the stochastic properties is crucial. Assuming that GNSS coordinate time series is characterized by only white noise may lead to underestimation of velocity uncertainties. In this contribution, noise behaviour of NigNET tracking stations position time series was examined by adopting WN, FL+WN, WN+RW, WN+PL. Using the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE), Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) the quality of stochastic model or the goodness of fit of a stochastic model is determined. The results of this study show that the combination of white plus flicker noise is the best model for describing the stochastic part of NigNET tracking stations position time series.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

30587. Preliminary characterisation and extraction of anterior adhesive secretion in monogenean (platyhelminth) parasites

Creator:
Hamwood, Tamarind E., Cribb, Bronwen W., Halliday, Judy A., Kearn, Graham C., and Whittington, Ian D.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Platyhelminthes, Monogenea, temporary adhesion, tissue adhesion, anterior adhesive, and fish ectoparasite
Language:
English
Description:
Secreted anterior adhesives, used for temporary attachment to epithelial surfaces of fishes (skin and gills) by some monogenean (platyhelminth) parasites have been partially characterised. Adhesive is composed of protein. Amino acid composition has been determined for seven monopisthocotylean monogeneans. Six of these belong to the Monocotylidae and one species, Entobdella soleae (van Beneden et Hesse, 1864) Johnston, 1929, is a member of the Capsalidae. Histochemistry shows that the adhesive does not contain polysaccharides, including acid mucins, or lipids. The adhesive before secretion and in its secreted form contains no dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa). Secreted adhesive is highly insoluble, but has a soft consistency and is mechanically removable from glass surfaces. Generally there are high levels of glycine and alanine, low levels of tyrosine and methionine, and histidine is often absent. However, amino acid content varies between species, the biggest differences evident when the monocotylid monogeneans were compared with E. soleae. Monogenean adhesive shows similarity in amino acid profile with adhesives from starfish, limpets and barnacles. However, there are some differences in individual amino acids in the temporary adhesive secretions of, on the one hand, the monogeneans and, on the other hand, the starfish and limpets. These differences may reflect the fact that monogeneans, unlike starfish and barnacles, attach to living tissue (tissue adhesion). A method of extracting unsecreted adhesive was investigated for use in further characterisation studies on monogenean glues.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

30589. Preliminary evidence of the horizontal transmission of Wolbachia between Crioceris leaf beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and their Asparagus host plants

Creator:
Kolasa, Michał, Montagna, Matteo, Mereghetti, Valeria, Daniel Kubisz, Mazur, Miłosz A., and Kajtoch, Łukasz
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, brouci, mandelinkovití, chřest, molekulární ekologie, beetles, Chrysomelidae, asparagus, molecular ecology, Alpha-Proteobacteria, Wolbachia, Crioceris, Coleoptera, horizontal transmission, Multilocus Sequence Typing, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Intracellular bacteria of the genus Wolbachia (α-Proteobacteria) are the most widespread endosymbionts of insects. Host infection is usually associated with alterations in reproduction, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility, the induction of parthenogenesis and offspring sex ratio bias: all phenomena that may influence host speciation. In the present study, by using well-established molecular tools, we investigated the presence of Wolbachia in leaf beetles of the genus Crioceris and their host plants, which are various species of Asparagus. Multilocus sequence typing of bacterial genes showed that despite their occurrence in the same habitat and feeding on the same plant, two species of Crioceris, C. quinquepunctata and C. quatuordecimpunctata, are infected by two different strains of Wolbachia. C. asparagi, C. paracenthesis and C. duodecimpunctata, which are sympatric with the infected species, do not harbour the bacterium. Interestingly, DNA of Wolbachia was detected in host plant tissues that are exploited by the beetles, providing evidence for the horizontal transmission of the bacterium between beetles and their host plants. Moreover, Wolbachia was detected in species of Crioceris that are not closely related., Michał Kolasa, Matteo Montagna, Valeria Mereghetti, Daniel Kubisz, Miłosz A. Mazur, Łukasz Kajtoch., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

30590. Preliminary findings of Tashkent hospital based study of risk factors for different ischemic stroke subtypes

Creator:
Rasulova, Khurshidakhon Abduboriyevna
Format:
electronic, electronic resource, remote, and elektronický zdroj
Type:
model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
Subject:
cévní mozková příhoda--diagnóza--epidemiologie--etiologie--klasifikace--komplikace--prevence a kontrola, prospektivní studie, pozorovací studie jako téma--statistika a číselné údaje, rizikové faktory, hodnocení rizik--statistika a číselné údaje, věkové faktory, hypertenze--patologie, ateroskleróza, komplikace diabetu, dospělí, staří, staří nad 80 let, ženské pohlaví, lidé, mužské pohlaví, and lidé středního věku
Language:
English
Description:
Objective: To determine risk factors in different pathogenic subtypes of ischemic stroke in Tashkent hospital registry and to compare with the data of other stroke registers. Design: Prospective observational study. Participants: 300 adults aged 18 years or over who suffered first-ever acute ischemic stroke, of them, the data of 100 patients with atherothrombotic, lacunar and cardioembolic strokes were analyzed. Main outcome measures: Mathematically significant differences and not significant differences but interesting from other point of view. Categorical variables are expressed as frequencies and percentages. Differences were regarded as statistically significant when the P value was less than 0.05 (P<0.05). Results: Of 100 patients with acute first-ever ischemic stroke at the median age of 62.63±4.68 (interquartile range 25-92) years, 57% were men and 43% were women. Depending on aetiology and stroke subtype, all the patients were divided into three groups: 42 patients with atherothrombotic stroke, 41 – with lacunar stroke, and 17 patients with cardioembolic stroke. Atherothrombotic stroke developed often in people over 60 years old, while lacunar stroke prevailed at the younger age. Stroke cases increased in people over 51 years old. Although men were more likely to suffer strokes than women, stroke incidence was equal in both sexes with increasing of age (over 60 years old), especially in atherothrombotic stroke, testifying to that women live longer. Combination of cerebral atherosclerosis and hypertension was the most significant risk factor for stroke. Atherosclerosis was the main aetiological factor for ischemic stroke, independently of its pathogenic heterogeneity. Diabetes mellitus was an independent risk factor for all stroke subtypes, which in most cases worsened the European Medical, Health and Pharmaceutical Journal ISSN 1804-5804 course and outcome of stroke. Hypertension was the leader aetiological factor for lacunar stroke. In these patients, we Cardioembolic stroke developed mainly because of cardiac thrombosis and valve pathology, which were often associated with chronic diseases of other organs, worsening the course and outcome of stroke. Despite of high prevalence of myocardial infarction in men, women were more likely to develop cardioembolic stroke. Conclusions: This study found simultaneous influence of many risk factors (multifactorial disease) in the development of ischemic stroke. The more course and influence of the underlying disease and risk factor, the higher stroke risk and severity, especially in the absence or inadequate previous therapy of underlying disease before the stroke index. We have noted a high prevalence of under-diagnosis of vascular risk factors at levels of primary and secondary care. We recommend for improved public awareness of vascular risk factors and better diagnostic and treatment facilities aimed at addressing those factors at levels of primary and secondary healthcare. Larger population-based studies may provide additional data on stroke incidence and outcome among Uzbeks., Khurshidakhon Abduboriyevna Rasulova, and Literatura
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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