Number of results to display per page
Search Results
31262. Prospektivní studie užití dydrogesteronu v premenopauze a perimenopauze
- Creator:
- Jeníček, Jaroslav and Fait, Tomáš
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- prospektivní studie, menopauza, hormonální substituční terapie--METODY--škodlivé účinky, premenopauza, věkové faktory, dydrogesteron--TERAPEUTICKÉ UŽITÍ, výsledek terapie, lidé, dospělí, ženské pohlaví, and FEMOSTAN
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Jaroslav Jeníček, Tomáš Fait, Lit: 10, and Souhrn: eng
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
31263. Prostaglandin F2α causes fast degenerative changes in ovulated mouse oocytes
- Creator:
- Kolarov, A. I., Hadzhinesheva, V. P., Chakarova, I. V., Zhivkova, R. S., Delimitreva, S. M., Markova, M. D., Mourdjeva, M. S., and Nikolova, Venera P.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- DiOC6, postovulatory aging, inflammation, prostaglandin, meiotic spindle, and oocyte mitochondria
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The effects of prostaglandin F2α on the cytoskeleton and membrane organelles of oocytes was investigated by culturing ovulated mouse oocytes in its presence (50 or 100 ng/ml) for 3 h. Tubulin, fibrillar actin, membranes and chromatin were visualized by specific antibodies, phalloidin, lipophilic dye DiOC6 and Hoechst 33342, respectively. Control oocytes were characterized by a meiotic spindle with chromosomes aligned at its equator, and a cortical layer of microfilaments with an actin cap. Intracellular membranes were localized mostly in the central region in metaphase I and in a broader volume, but still excluding the cell periphery, in metaphase II, and were slightly concentrated around the chromosomes. In oocytes treated with 50 ng/ml prostaglandin, cortical actin staining was diminished, the membrane distribution was clustered, and chromosomes showed signs of misalignment despite the apparently preserved spindle. In cells treated with 100 ng/ml prostaglandin, both the spindle and the actin cortex had degenerated or disappeared as microscopic objects. Metaphase plates were on average broader and more disorganized than in the 50 ng/ml group, and the distribution of membrane organelles had become uniform. These effects, to our knowledge observed for the first time, did not require presence of the cumulus during the incubation. They could be regarded as acceleration of the oocyte postovulatory aging, in which cytoskeletal deterioration seemed to have a leading role.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31264. Prostorová analýza sídlišť ze starší doby kamenné prostřednictvím geografických informačních systémů =
- Creator:
- Neruda, Petr,
- Type:
- studie
- Subject:
- Archeologie, paleolit, sídliště pravěká, GIS, analýzy, české země v paleolitu, and archeologická metodologie a organizace, experimentální archeologie
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Rights:
- unknown
31265. Prostration before God and Pharaoh /
- Creator:
- Mynářová, Jana,
- Subject:
- loajalita, Egypt starověký, cizinci, tabulky hliněné, panovníci egyptští, reliéfy, and Egypt v pravěku a starověku, egyptologie
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
31266. Protease-activated receptor-2 regulates glial scar formation via JNK signaling
- Creator:
- Li, Tian-Zun, Liu, Qiang , Xia, Yong-Zhi, Darwazeh, Rami , and Yan, Yi
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Protease-activated receptor-2, Spinal cord injury, and Jun N-terminal kinase
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The study aimed to determine the effects of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) on glial scar formation after spinal cord injury (SCI) in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats and the underlying mechanisms. Rivlin and Tator’s acute extradural clip compression injury (CCI) model of severe SCI was established in this study. Animals were divided into four groups: 1) sham group (laminectomy only); 2) model group, treated with normal saline; 3) PAR-2 inhibitor group; 4) PAR-2 activator group. Enhanced GFAP and vimentin expression were the markers of glial scar formation. To determine whether JNK was involved in the effects of PAR-2 on GFAP and vimentin expression, we administered anisomycin (a JNK activator) in the presence of PAR-2 inhibitor and SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) in the presence of PAR-2 activator. At 1, 7, 14 and 28 day after SCI, Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor score test was used to assess the locomotor functional recovery; immunofluorescence and western blot analysis were used to assess the expression level of GFAP, vimentin and p-JNK. Double immunofluorescence staining with GFAP and tubulin β was used to assess the glial scar formation and the remaining neurons. Results suggested that PAR-2 is involved in glial scar formation and reduces neurons residues which can cause a further worsening in the functional outcomes after SCI via JNK signaling. Therefore, it may be effective to target PAR-2 in the treatment of SCI.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
31267. Proteasomes in lungs from organ donors and patients with end-stage pulmonary diseases
- Creator:
- Baker, T. A., Bach, H. H., Gamelli, R. L., Love, R. B., and Majetschak, M.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, plicní fibróza, pulmonary fibrosis, 20S proteasome, 26S proteasome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Proteasomes appear to be involved in the pathophysiology of various acute and chronic lung diseases. Information on the human lung proteasome in health and disease, however, is sparse. Therefore, we studied whether end-stage pulmonary diseases are associated with alterations in lung 20S/26S proteasome content, activity and 20S subunit composition. Biopsies were obtained from donor lungs (n=7) and explanted lungs from patients undergoing lung transplantation because of end stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n=7), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, n=7) and pulmonary sarcoidosis (n=5). 20S/26S proteasomes in lung extracts were quantified by ELISA, chymotrypsin-like proteasome peptidase activities measured and 20S proteasome β subunits analyzed by Western blot. As compared with donor lungs, proteasome content was increased in IPF and sarcoidosis, but not in COPD. The relative distribution of free 20S and 26S proteasomes was similar; 20S proteasome was predominant in all extracts. Proteasome peptidase activities in donor and diseased lungs were indistinguishable. All extracts contained a mixed composition of inducible 20S β immuno-subunits and their constitutive counterparts; a disease associated distribution could not be identified. A higher content of lung proteasomes in IPF and pulmonary sarcoidosis may contribute to the pathophysiology of human fibrotic lung diseases., T. A. Baker, H. H. Bach IV, R. L. Gemelli, R. B. Love, M. Majetschak., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31268. Protection against ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmias and myocardial dysfunction conferred by preconditioning in the rat heart: Involvement of mitochondrial K ATP channels and reactive oxygen species
- Creator:
- Jana Matejíková, Jarmila Kucharská, Mária Pintérová, Dezider Pancza, and Ravingerová, T.
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, srdeční arytmie, ischemická choroba srdeční, physiology, cardiac arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, preconditioning, mito K ATP channels, rat heart, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- a1_Ischemic preconditioning (I-PC) induced by brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) protects the heart against sustained I/R. Although activation of mitochondrial K ATP channels (mitoK ATP) interacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been proposed as a key event in this process, their role in the antiarrhythmic effect is not clear. This study was designed: 1) to investigate the involvement of mito K ATP opening in the effect of I-PC (1 cycle of I/R, 5 min each) on ventricular arrhythmias during test ischemia (TI, 30-min LAD coronary artery occlusion) in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts and subsequent postischemic contractile dysfunction, and 2) to characterize potential mechanisms of protection confer red by I-PC and pharmacological PC induced by mito K ATP opener diazoxide (DZX), with particular regards to the modulation of ROS generation. Lipid peroxidation (an indicator of increased ROS production) was determined by measurement of myocardial concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in non-ischemic controls, non-preconditi oned and preconditioned hearts exposed to TI, I-PC alone, as well as after pretreatment with DZX, mito K ATP blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) and antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC)., a2_Total number of ventricular premature beats (VPB) that occurred in the control hearts (518±71) was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by I-PC (195±40), NAC (290±56) and DZX (168±22). I-PC and NAC suppressed an increase in CD and TBARS caused by ischemia indicating lower production of ROS. On the other hand, I-PC and DZX themselves moderately enhanced ROS generation, prior to TI. Bracketing of I-PC with 5-HD suppressed both, ROS production during PC and its cardioprotective effect. In conclusion, potential mechanisms of protection conferred by mito K ATP opening in the rat heart might involve a temporal increase in ROS production in the preconditioning phase triggering changes in the pro/antioxidant balance in the myocardium and attenuating ROS production during subsequent prolonged ischemia., J. Matejíková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
31269. Protection of cardiac cell-to-cell coupling attenuate myocardial remodeling and proarrhythmia induced by hypertension
- Creator:
- Egan Benova, T., Szeiffova Bacova, B., Viczenczova, C., Diez, E., Miroslav Barančík, and Narcisa Tribulová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypertenze, hypertension, arrhythmias, connexin-43, cardioprotection, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Gap junction connexin channels are important determinants of myocardial conduction and synchronization that is crucial for coordinated heart function. One of the main risk factors for cardiovascular events that results in heart attack, congestive heart failure, stroke as well as sudden arrhythmic death is hypertension. Mislocalization and/or dysfunction of specific connexin-43 channels due to hypertension-induced myocardial remodeling have been implicated in the occurrence of lifethreatening arrhythmias and heart failure in both, humans as well as experimental animals. Recent studies suggest that downregulation of myocardial connexin-43, its abnormal distribution and/or phosphorylation might be implicated in this process. On the other hand, treatment of hypertensive animals with cardioprotective drugs (e.g. statins) or supplementation with non-pharmacological compounds, such as melatonin, omega-3 fatty acids and red palm oil protects from lethal arrhythmias. The antiarrhythmic effects are attributed to the attenuation of myocardial connexin-43 abnormalities associated with preservation of myocardial architecture and improvement of cardiac conduction. Findings uncover novel mechanisms of cardioprotective (antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic) effects of compounds that are used in clinical settings. Well-designed trials are needed to explore the antiarrhythmic potential of these compounds in patients suffering from hypertension., T. Egan Benova, B. Szeiffova Bacova, C. Viczenczova, E. Diez, M. Barancik, N. Tribulova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
31270. Protection of dopamine neurons by vibration training and up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease
- Creator:
- Zhao, L., He, L. X., Huang, S. N., Gong, L. J., Li, L., Lv, Y. Y., and Qian, Z. M.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, Parkinsonova nemoc, dopamin, Parkinson's disease, dopamine, vibration training (VT), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), substantia nigra, striatum, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It is unknown whether the longer duration of vibration training (VT) has a beneficial effect on Parkinson's disease (PD). And also, the mechanisms underlying the reported sensorimotorimprovement in PD induced by short-duration of VT has not been determined. Here, we investigated the effects of longer duration (4 weeks) of low amplitude vibration (LAV) training on the numbers of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra by immunostaining and the levels of dopamine (DA) and brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the striatum by HPLC and ELISA in the chronic MPTP lesion mouse. We demonstrated for the first time that the longer duration of VT could significantly increase the numbers of nigrostriatal DA neurons and the contents of striatal DA and BDNF in the MPTP mice. Our findings implied that longer duration of VT could protect dopaminergic neurons from the MPTP-induced damage probably by upregulating BDNF and also provided evidence for the beneficial effect of longer duration of VT on PD at the cellular and molecular level., L. Zhao, L. X. He, S. N. Huang, L. J. Gong, L. Li, Y. Y. Lv, Z. M. Qian., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public