Psettarium anthicum sp. n. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) infects the myocardium and atrial wall of the cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766) (Rachycentridae) in the northern Gulf of Mexico off Mississippi, USA. It is the first member of Psettarium Goto et Ozaki, 1930 reported from other than the Indian Ocean or Pacific Ocean and the second species of the genus reported from cobia. It differs from its congeners by the combination of having posterior caeca with lateral projections appearing as thorns in lateral view and the male pore anterior to the oötype. The species of Psettarium, P. japonicum (Goto et Ozaki, 1929) (type species), P. tropicum Manter, 1940, P. sebastodorum Holmes, 1971, P. rachycentri (Lebedev et Parukhin, 1972) comb. n. (syn. Psettarioides rachycentri Lebedev et Parukhin, 1972) and P. anthicum sp. n., differ from other sanguinicolids by the combination of having an elongate body with a sinistral posterolateral protuberance, minute, straight tegumental body spines in ventrolateral transverse rows, posterior caeca greater than seven time the anterior caeca length, the oötype near the posterior end of the body, a uterus primarily between the ovary and oötype and an oviduct and vitelline duct extending posteriad primarily between the uterus and dextral body margin. We emend Psettarium and provide a diagnostic key to the species. Psettarioides is regarded as a junior synonym of Psettarium because herein we return its type species, P. tropicum, to Psettarium. Regarding the three other sanguinicolids formerly of Psettarioides, we suspect that P. pseudupenei Lebedev et Parukhin, 1972 belongs to Psettarium but include it only tentatively pending an examination of type or other material; we tentatively place P. kurochkini Parukhin, 1976 in Cardicola Short, 1952; and we designate P. grandis (Lebedev et Mamaev, 1968) as incertae sedis pending examination of type or other appropriate material.
In this paper, for the impulsive fractional integro-differential equations involving Caputo fractional derivative in Banach space, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of a pseudo almost periodic PC-mild solution. The working tools are based on the fixed point theorems, the fractional powers of operators and fractional calculus. Some known results are improved and generalized. Finally, existence and uniqueness of a pseudo almost periodic PC-mild solution of a two-dimensional impulsive fractional predator-prey system with diffusion are investigated., Zhinan Xia., and Obsahuje bibliografii
It is shown that pseudo BL-algebras are categorically equivalent to certain bounded DRl-monoids. Using this result, we obtain some properties of pseudo BL-algebras, in particular, we can characterize congruence kernels by means of normal filters. Further, we deal with representable pseudo BL-algebras and, in conclusion, we prove that they form a variety.
Acanthocephalus lutzi (Hamann, 1891) is proposed to be transferred to the genus Pseudoacanthocephalus Petrochenko, 1956 based on the type material from Rhinella marina (L.) from Brazil and recently collected material from R. arenarum (Hensel) from Argentina. Pseudoacanthocephalus is characterised by the following features: a cylindrical trunk without spines, a cylindrical proboscis, testes in tandem, a compact cluster of cement glands, a nearly terminal male genital pore, a ventral and sub-terminal female genital pore, and egg without polar prolongations, containing a holoechinate acanthor. Pseudoacanthocephalus lutzi comb. n. has a proboscis armature of 14-18 longitudinal rows of 5-8 hooks each, with all roots formed by a posteriorly directed longitudinal spatulate sheet having a central rib, and an inconspicuous sheet directed anteriorly; a variable number (4, 5 or 6) of cement glands; a cerebral ganglion located near the base of the proboscis receptacle; digitiform to claviform lemnisci, as long as, or slightly shorter or slightly longer than the proboscis receptacle; a sigmoid-shaped posterior end in males; an egg with a conspicuous fibrillar coat; and one of the larval hooks more robust and different in shape than the others. Additionally, the type material of Acanthocephalus saopaulensis Smales, 2007 from Rhinella icterica (Spix) from Brazil and a paratype of A. caspanensis Fernández et Ibarra Vidal, 1992 from R. spinulosa (Wiegmann) from Chile were studied. Acanthocephalus saopaulensis is considered conspecific with P. lutzi and A. caspanensis is transferred to Pseudoacanthocephalus because it possesses all the characters of the genus mentioned above. The use of characters such as egg morphology and host ecology for distinguishing Acanthocephalus from Pseudoacanthocephalus is also discussed.
In this study, we clarify the taxonomic status of Allencotyla pricei based on a re-examination of paratypes and voucher specimens. Four important characters are added to previous descriptions: the vagina is ventral; the cirrus is absent; the eggs are fusiform and have two polar filaments (one about 3.5 times longer than the other); and, there are two flat sclerites at each side of the dorsal trident-shaped sclerite in the clamps. A comparison of A. pricei with species from all the genera of the Heteraxininae, including Allencotyla mcintoshi, indicates that A. pricei has several exclusive characters, i.e., a ventral vagina, vaginal armature, two additional dorsal sclerites in the clamps, a ventral mouth, and a question mark-shaped ovary. The combination of characters found in A. pricei is not shared with any other species within the Heteraxininae. In view of these features, A. pricei is assigned to a new genus, Pseudoallencotyla gen. n., as P. pricei comb. n.
Pseudocapillaria moraveci sp. n. (Nematoda, Capillariidae) is described from the stomach of Gobius paganellus Linnaeus (Perciformes, Gobiidae) from rocky shores of the Vigo estuary (Northwest Atlantic coast of Spain). Scanning electron microscopy reveals the absence of a dorsal cuticular membrane interconnecting the caudal lobes of male, thus confirming the assignment of this new species to the nominotypical subgenus Pseudocapillaria Freitas, 1959. Pseudocapillaria moraveci can be easily differentiated from other marine congeneric species belonging to subgenera Pseudocapillaria and Ichthyocapillaria Moravec, 1982 by its muscular oesophagus, which is distinctly thickened at the distal third, the terminal or almost terminal anus in female, the presence of a basal internal papilla on each ventrolateral caudal lobe in male, and its exclusive site preference for the stomach. In addition, the spicule, which measures 0.180-0.292 mm in length (4.9-7.9% of body length) and possesses a proximal end expanded and oblique in lateral view, a narrowed middle part, and a distal end almost pointed, also distinguishes this species. Pseudocapillaria moraveci is, together with P. tomentosa (Dujardin, 1843) Moravec, 1987, the only species in the genus Pseudocapillaria that has been reported to infect members of the family Gobiidae.
A new nematode species, Pseudocapillaria indica sp. п., is described from the intestine of the freshwater fish Channa gachua (Hamilton) from Kerala, India. It resembles P. tomentosa (Dujardin, 1843), differing from it mainly in the structure of the proximal end of spicule, the shape and structure of the stichocytes and in having smaller eggs (size 0.036-0.048 x 0.023-0.027 mm) which have a different type of superficial structure. Pseudocapillaria indica is the first capillariid species described from freshwater fishes of India and from the whole Oriental Region.