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28742. Participation of coenzyme Q10 in the rejection development of the transplanted heart: a clinical study

Creator:
Kucharská, J., Gvozdjáková, A., Mizera, S., Braunová, Z., Schreinerová, Z., Schrameková, E., Pecháň, I., and Fabián, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
human heart transplantation, rejection, coenzyme Qio, and alpha-tocopherol
Language:
English
Description:
Coenzyme Qio and alpha-tocopherol concentrations were assessed in 28 endomyocardial biopsies from 22 patients and in 61 blood samples from 31 patients after heart transplantation with histologically confirmed signs of rejection. The values were compared to the group of 14 patients with cardiomyopathies of unclear etiology as candidates for heart transplantation. Blood analyses were also compared with 50 healthy persons. Myocardial and blood coenzyme Qio concentrations were already significantly decreased in the incipient phase of rejection (degree 0-1) and also in rejection phase 1 and 2. In patients without rejection signs myocardial and blood coenzyme Qio values were similar to those of cardiomyopathic patients. No significant differences were found in alpha-tocopherol concentrations in relation to signs of rejection. Increased plasma lipid peroxidation quantified as malondialdehyde production was detected in all groups of transplanted patients. The results contribute to the explanation of some pathobiochemical mechanisms participating in the rejection development of the transplanted heart.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

28743. Participation of electrogenic Na+-K+-ATPase in the membrane potential of earthworm body wall muscles

Creator:
Volkov, E. M., Nurullin, L. F., Ivana Švandová, Nikolsky, E. E., and František Vyskočil
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, žížaly, žáby, earthworms, frogs, Na+-K+-ATPase, resting membrane potential, ouabain, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The effect of Na+-K+-ATPase inhibitor ouabain on the resting membrane potential (Vm) was studied by glass microelectrodes in isolated somatic longitudinal muscles of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris and compared with frog sartorius muscle. In earthworm muscle, Vm was -49 mV (inside negative) in a reference external solution with 4 mmol/l K+. The electrogenic participation of Na+-K+-ATPase was absent in solutions with very low concentrations of 0.01 mmol/l K+, higher in 4 and 8 mmol/l K+ (4-5 mV) and maximal (13 mV) in solutions containing 12 mmol/l K+ where Vm was -46 mV in the absence and -33 mV in the presence of 1x10-4 M ouabain. The electrogenic participation of Na+-K+-ATPase was much smaller in m. sartorius of the frog Rana temporaria bathed in 8 and 12 mmol/l K+. The results indicate that the Na+-K+-ATPase is an important electrogenic factor in earthworm longitudinal muscle fibres and that its contribution to Vm depends directly on the concentration of K+ in the bathing solution., E. M. Volkov, L. F. Nurullin, I. Švandová, E. E. Nikolsky, F. Vyskočil., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

28744. Participation of heart mitochondria in myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury: benefit effects of short-term adaptation processes

Creator:
Miroslav Ferko, Kancirová, I., Jašová, M., Waczulíková, I., Slávka Čarnická, Jarmila Kucharská, Oľga Uličná, Vančová, O., Muráriková, M., Ravingerová, T., and Ziegelhöffer, A.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, mitochondrie, mitochondrias, remote ischemic preconditioning, acute streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, heart mitochondria, membrane fluidity, infarct size, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Acute streptozotocin diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as remote ischemic preconditioning (RPC) has shown a favorable effect on the postischemic-reperfusion function of the myocardium. Cardioprotective mechanisms offered by these experimental models involve the mitochondria with the changes in functional properties of membrane as the end-effector. The aim was to find out whether separate effects of RPC and DM would stimulate the mechanisms of cardioprotection to a maximal level or whether RPC and DM conditions would cooperate in stimulation of cardioprotection. Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats divided into groups: control, DM, RPC and DM treated by RPC (RPC+DM). RPC protocol of 3 cycles of 5-min hind limb ischemia followed by 5-min reperfusion was used. Ischemicreperfusion injury was induced by 30-min ischemia followed by 40-min reperfusion of the hearts in Langendorff mode. Mitochondria were isolated by differential centrifugation, infarct size assessed by staining with 1 % 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride, mitochondrial membrane fluidity with a fluorescent probe DPH, CoQ9 and CoQ10 with HPLC. Results revealed that RPC as well as DM decreased the infarct size and preserved mitochondrial function by increasing the mitochondrial membrane fluidity. Both used models separately offered a sufficient protection against ischemic-reperfusion injury without an additive effect of their combination., M. Ferko, I. Kancirová, M. Jašová, I. Waczulíková, S. Čarnická, J. Kucharská, O. Uličná, O. Vančová, M. Muráriková, T. Ravingerová, A. Ziegelhöffer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

28745. Participation of nitric oxide in different models of experimental hypertension

Creator:
Török, Jozef
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, endotel, oxid dusnatý, endoteliální dysfunkce, hypertenze, physiology, endothelium, nitric oxide, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, reactive oxygen species, arterial structural changes, NO-deficient hypertension, genetic hypertension, salt hypertension, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
This review concerns the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of different models of experimental hypertension (NO-deficient, genetic, salt-dependent), which are characterized by a wide range of etiology. Although the contribution of NO may vary between different models of hypertension, a unifying characteristic of these models is the presence of oxidative stress that participates in the maintenance of elevated arterial pressure and seems to be a common denominator underlying endothelial dysfunction in various forms of experimental hypertension. Besides the imbalance between the endothelial production of vasorelaxing and vasoconstricting compounds as well as the relative insufficiency of vasodilator systems to compensate augmented vasoconstrictor systems, there were found numerous structural and functional abnormalities in blood vessels and heart of hypertensive animals. The administration of antihypertensive drugs, antioxidants and NO donors is capable to attenuate blood pressure elevation and to improve morphological and functional changes of cardiovascular system in some but not all hypertensive models. The failure to correct spontaneous hypertension by NO donor administration reflects the fact that sympathetic overactivity plays a key role in this form of hypertension, while NO production in spontaneously hypertensive rats might be enhanced to compensate increased blood pressure. A special attention should be paid to the modulation of sympathetic nervous activity in central and peripheral nervous system. These results extend our knowledge on the control of the balance between NO and reactive oxygen species production and are likely to be a basis for the development of new approaches to the therapy of diseases associated with NO deficiency., J. Török., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

28746. Participation of opioid receptors in the cytoprotective effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia

Creator:
Naryzhnaya, N. V. , Khaliulin, I. , Lishmanov, Y. B. , Suleiman, M. S., Tsibulnikov, S. Y. , Kolar, F., and Maslov, L. N.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Cardiomyocytes, Chronic hypoxia, Anoxia/reoxygenation, and Opioid receptors
Language:
English
Description:
We studied the role of the δ, µ, and к opioid receptor (OR) subtypes in the cardioprotective effect of chronic continuous normobaric hypoxia (CNH) in the model of acuteanoxia/ reoxygenation of isolated cardiomyocytes. Adaptation of rats to CNH was performed by their exposure to atmosphere containing 12 % of O2 for 21 days. Anoxia/reoxygenation of cardiomyocytes isolated from normoxic control rats caused the death of 51 % of cells and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Adaptation of rats to CNH resulted in the anoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte death of only 38 %, and reduced the LDH release. Pre-incubation of the cells with either the non-selective OR blocker naloxone (300 nM/l), the δ OR antagonist TIPP(ψ) (30 nM/l), the selective δ2 OR antagonist naltriben (1 nM/l) or the μ OR antagonist CTAP (100 nM/l) for 25 minutes before anoxia abolished the reduction of cell death and LDH release afforded by CNH. The antagonist of δ1 OR BNTX (1 nM/l) or the κ OR antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (3 nM/l) did not influence the cytoprotective effects of CNH. Taken together, the cytoprotective effect of CNH is associated with the activation of the δ2 and μ OR localized on cardiomyocytes.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

28747. Participation of P-dependent and P-independent glutaminases in rat kidney ammoniagenesis and their modulation by metabolic acidosis, hippurate and insulin

Creator:
Krivošíková, Z., Spustová, V., and Dzúrik, R.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
ammoniagenesis, P-independent glutaminase, P-dependent glutaminase, metabolic acidosis, hippurate, and insulin
Language:
English
Description:
The key regulatory enzymes of kidney ammoniagenesis appear to be P-dependent (PDG) and P-independent (PIG) glutaminases. While the participation of PDG has been satisfactorily elucidated, the significance of PIG remains doubtful. Rat kidney cortex slices synthesized ammonia even under basal conditions. Metabolic acidosis, hippurate and insulin stimulated ammonia production. Under basal conditions, PDG activity in kidney homogenate, was twice as high as PIG activity. Metabolic acidosis stimulated ammonia production by the stimulation of both PDG (100 %) and PIG (57 %) activities. Hippurate stimulated only PIG activity both under basal conditions (90 %) and in metabolic acidosis (52 %), while it inhibited PDG activity only insignificantly under basal conditions and markedly (53 %) in metabolic acidosis. Insulin stimulated both PIG and PDG activities under basal conditions as well as in metabolic acidosis and potentiated the PIG stimulation by hippurate while it potentiated the hippurate inhibition of PDG both under basal conditions and in acidotic rats. In conclusion, both PDG and PIG participate in ammoniagenesis and are stimulated by metabolic acidosis and insulin. Hippurate stimulates PIG, while it inhibits PDG in metabolic acidosis and even after insulin administration. The effect of hippurate appears to be of physiological interest.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

28750. Participatory Design Processes for the Development of Green Areas of Large-scale Housing: Case Studies from Budapest and Riga

Creator:
Csizmady, Adrienne, Treija, Sandra, Fáczányi, Zsuzsanna, and Balogh, Péter István
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
east european housing, residential environments and people, comparative housing policy, and home ownership
Language:
English
Description:
Large housing estates (LHE) found in CEE countries can be seen as a legacy of socialism. Their endurance in these countries is still evident: the future of LHEs is substantially linked to their physical and social characteristics formed during socialism and their decline in status in Hungary and Latvia. The Western European practice of urban rehabilitation and community initiatives has gained more and more ground (sometimes literally) as of late. Our paper examines this phenomenon by analysing examples of converted green space of LHEs in two former socialist cities - a neglected and underused former “traffic park” in Budapest and a typical LHE “courtyard” overgrown and unused in Riga. We focus on the conversational process and the participatory approach of inhabitants and analyse how the redesigning of green areas involving local communities can lead to inhabitants feeling more at home in this housing structure.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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