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30145. Postnatal alteration of monocarboxylate transporter 1 expression in the rat corpus callosum

Creator:
Dong, F., Liu, Y., Zhang, Z., Guo, R., Ma, L., Qu, X., Yu, H., Fan, H., and Yao, R.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, MCT1, corpus callosum, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte, rat, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
In the central nervous system (CNS), monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is expressed in astrocytes and endothelial cells but also in oligodendroglia. Oligodendroglia support neurons and axons through lactate transportation by MCT1. Limited information is available on the MCT1 expression changes in candidate cells in the developing rat brain, especially in corpus callosum which is the most vulnerable area in demyelinating diseases. In the present study, we investigated the expression pattern of MCT1 during postnatal development in the rat corpus callosum using immunofluorescene staining, Western blotting analysis and RT-PCR. We reported that MCT1 gene and protein were consistently expressed in the rat corpus callosum from birth to adult. MCT1/CNPase and MCT1/GFAP immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that most of MCT1 positive cells were co-labeled with cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphodiesterase (CNPase) in rat corpus callosum from P7 to adult, whereas MCT1+/GFAP+ cells preserve the dominate position before P7. Moreover, there were significant associations between the expression of MCT1 protein and the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) (correlation coefficient: r=0.962, P=0.009) from P7 to adult. Similarly, the MCT1 mRNA expression was also significantly associated with MBP mRNA expression (r=0.976, P=0.005). Our results are proposing that in the developing brain white matter, MCT1 is predominately expressed in oligodendrocyte though it mainly expressed in astrocyte in early postnatal, which indicate that MCT1 may involve in the oligodendrocyte development and myelination., F. Dong, Y. Liu, Z. Zhang, R. Guo, L. Ma, X. Qu, H. Yu, H. Fan, R. Yao., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

30146. Postnatal development of energy metabolism in the rat brain

Creator:
Martin Kalous, Hana Rauchová, and Zdeněk Drahota
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, energetický metabolismus, cytochromy, energy metabolism, cytochromes, brain mitochondria, cytochrome c oxidase, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The activities of cytochrome c oxidase and FoF1-ATPase as well as the content of cytochromes cc1, aa3, and b were investigated in free brain mitochondria in the course of postnatal development and aging. The results show an increase of Vmax of both enzymes during postnatal development (between day 5 and 30). During the following phase ending at the age of 6 months, a decrease of FoF1-ATPase and cytochrome c oxidase activity occurs. From 6 to 12 months of age the activity of these enzymes did not change. The KM for both enzymes remained unchanged during the whole period observed. The content of cytochromes increased from the low values found in young rats, reached the highest values at around one month, and decreased till the age of 3 months. Later, their content in brain mitochondria did not markedly change. Our results suggest that the metabolic maturation of brain mitochondria differs in several aspects from the same process in other tissues, mainly in the time course. This is probably due to the unique role of neural tissue in the organism., M. Kalous, H. Rauchová, Z. Drahota., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

30147. Postoperative residual paralysis and respiratory status: comparative study of pancuronium and vecuronium

Creator:
Bissinger, U., Schimek, F., and Gunther Lenz
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, pulse oximetry, arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The objective of this prospective double-blind study was to determine whether postoperative residual paralysis (PORP) after pancuronium or vecuronium results in hypoxemia and hypercapnia in the immediate admission period to the recovery ward. Eighty-three consecutive surgical patients received balanced or intravenous anesthesia with pancuronium for operations lasting longer than one hour or vecuronium for those lasting less than 60 min, both combined with neostigmine at the end of anesthesia. Standard clinical criteria assessed neuromuscular function intraoperatively. Postoperatively, we determined neuromuscular function (acceleromyography with supramaximal train-of-four (TOF) stimulation of the ulnar nerve, and a 5-s head lift) and pulmonary function (pulse oximetry: SpO2, and blood gas analysis: SaO2, PaCO2). We defined PORP as a TOF-ratio 70 %, hypoxemia as a postoperative SpO2³ 5 % below the pre-anesthestic level together with a postoperative SaO293 %, and hypercapnia as a PaCO2³ 46 mm Hg. Among the 49 pancuronium and 27 vecuronium patients studied, the PORP rates were 20 % in the pancuronium group and 7 % in the vecuronium group (p>0.05). Hypoxemia and hypercapnia occurred more often in pancuronium patients with PORP than in those without PORP namely 60 % vs. 10% (p<0.05) and 30 % vs. 8 % (p>0.05), respectively. We conclude that PORP after pancuronium is a significant risk factor for hypoxemia., U. Bissinger, F. Schimek, G. Lenz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

30148. Poštovní síť na Moravě v letech 1743-1790

Creator:
Klíma, Vojtěch
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
pošta, postal services, Morava (Česko), Moravia (Czechia), poštovní trasy, poštovní úřad, listovní sběrny, post routes, postmasters, post collection instituce, 8, and 94(437)
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
This paper presents a detailed analysis of the development of the postal network in the territory of Moravia during the period of its most significant expansion, based on hitherto largely unused archival material, chiefly from the Postal Museum in Prague and the Moravian Archive in Brno. Using these key sources, chronological lists were reconstructed of postmasters in each post office, allowing us to determine the exact period in which each official served. This data on periods of service made it possible to compile a list of the postal routes set up by individual offices in the period under consideration and trace changes that occurred due to military conflict or for logistical reasons. Attention was also given to the hitherto neglected network of letter collection points in Moravia, which grew rapidly towards the end of the 18th century. The study represents a paradigm shift in research into the Moravian postal network. Besides already known postal routes, we also reconstructed routes whose existence had only been deduced from the records of one or two stations, and others that had escaped the attention of researchers altogether. With regard to letter collection points, the study considers the issue of which "mother" stations they were attached to. More generally, the study deepens our knowledge of the structure of the communications network in Moravia in the second half of the 18th century and provides a more precise picture of how it was connected with centres beyond the country’s borders. These results will provide potential future researchers into the Moravian postal service with a solid factual platform in which to anchor and contextualize their findings on specific post offices, stations or entire routes. The study can thus be seen as a contribution to economic and social history, as well as to that of communications., Vojtěch Klíma., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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