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43962. Unwanted Silesia: Czech ''Silesian Identity'' in postwar Czechoslovakia (1945-1969)
- Creator:
- Knapík, Jiří and Jirásek, Zdeněk
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- historiography, North Moravian region, Silesia, and Petr Bezruč
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Czech ''Silesian identity'', obvious throughout the twentieth century, was based on a mixture of strong regional, even local, patriotism, which was determined by historical developments. This patriotism developed on the ethnically mixed territory of Czech Silesia (formerly Austrian Silesia). After the Second World War, this phenomenon was quickly revived, but unlike in the pre-war period, it took a clearly Czech national form. The territorial factor, by contrast, receded into the background. Behind this activity and new interpretation stood intellectual circles and institutions in Opava, some leading fi gures from Ostrava, and the Silesian Cultural Institute in Prague. In addition to cultural-educational activity, their efforts were concentratedon claiming some border areas of Polish and German Silesia as being historically Czech, and also on ensuring the distinctive administrative status of the territory of Silesia in Czechoslovakia, the seed of which they saw in the Ostrava branch of the Moravian National Committee (Zemský národní výbor) in Brno. During the Communist regime, according to the authors, the top state authorities showed an intentional lack of interest in the problems of Silesia when solving related economic and other questions. A consequence of this was a ''silencing of the offi cial sources'' about Silesia. In the 1950s, the ''Silesian-ness'' was condemned as a form of ''bourgeois nationalism'' and was identifi ed with the period of Czech-Polish national friction in the region. From the administrative point of view, Silesia was dissolved in the Ostrava area, later in the North Moravian Region, and was recalled practically only by artistic expressions of an ''Old Silesian-ness'', such as folklore and museum exhibitions. Silesian organizations and societies were, with few exceptions, dissolved or renamed and the newly established Silesian Research Institute in Opava had to orient its historical research chiefl y to the labour movement. The works of the poet Petr Bezruč (born Vladimír Vašek, 1867-1958) and his collection of verses, Slezské písně (Silesian Songs), presented a problem because of their questionable depiction of Silesian identity, and the publication of the complete collection led to disputes in cultural policy. The Ostrava-based arts and politics periodical Červený květ (Red Flower), which repeatedly included debates about regionalism, began to be published in the mid-1950s. At the end of the decade, however, the Communist Party launched a campaign against parochialism (lokálpatriotismus), which was refl ected also in the condemnation of publications seeking to exonerate the poems and ideas of Óndra Łysohorsky (born Ervín Goj, 1905-1989), who during the war promoted the theory of a ''Lach nation.'' In the 1960s, the local authorities and fi gures of Opava again began to emphasize the role of their town as a regional centre. During the Prague Spring of 1968, there were calls for the restoration of Silesian self-government, but that remained more or less limited to the Opava region, and consequently some ''Silesian'' cultural initiatives from this period were of greater importance.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
43963. Unwilling Tourist /
- Creator:
- Hoffmeister, Adolf,
- Type:
- text and publikace obrazové
- Subject:
- Výtvarné umění, Hoffmeister, Adolf,, emigrace politická, válka druhá světová (1939-1945), Československo 1938-1945, perzekuce, politická emigrace, and malířství, malíři
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Přeloženo z češtiny
- Rights:
- unknown
43964. Up-regulation of CD163 expression in subpopulations of blood monocytes after kidney allograft transplantation
- Creator:
- Čurnová, Lenka, Mezerová, Kristýna, Švachová, Veronika, Fialová, Martina, Novotný, Marek, Čečrdlová, Eva, Viklický, Ondřej, and Stříž, Ilja
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- transplantace ledvin, kidney transplantation, CD163, blood monocytes, subpopulations, acute rejection, CD14+CD16+, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- M2 macrophages expressing CD163 are known to suppress immune responses but have been also found in biopsies of patients with chronic kidney allograft injury associated with interstitial fibrosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of CD163 in blood monocytes, precursors of tissue macrophages, in kidney allograft recipients with uncomplicated outcome (n=94) compared with those developing acute rejection (n=44). Blood samples were collected before the transplantation and at 1 week, 1 month and 1 year. The expression of CD163 increased during the first week after the transplantation not only in classical (CD14+CD16- ) but also in intermediate (CD14+CD16+) and nonclassical (CD14lowCD16+) monocytes in all patients regardless of their rejection status. In patients developing acute rejection, higher pre-transplant expression of CD163 on blood monocytes was found. In vitro experiments confirmed strong induction of membrane CD163 on monocytes together with CD206 (an alternative marker of M2 macrophages) in response to IL-10. We assume from our data that dramatic upregulation of CD163 by peripheral blood monocytes may have a pathophysiological role in early phases after kidney allograft transplantation and high pre-transplant expression of CD163 on blood monocytes might be involved in events leading to acute rejection., Lenka Čurnová, Kristýna Mezerová, Veronika Švachová, Martina Fialová, Marek Novotný, Eva Čečrdlová, Ondřej Viklický, Ilja Stříž., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
43965. Up-to-date Bibliography of Dušan Zbavitel /
- Subject:
- Zbavitel, Dušan,, bibliografie personální, orientalisté, personální bibliografie, české země od r. 1993 do současnosti, and dějiny věd o neslovanských oblastech
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
43966. Up-to-date bibliography of Josef Kolmaš.
- Type:
- text and bibliografie
- Subject:
- Bibliografie. Katalogy, Kolmaš, Josef,, bibliografie personální, tibetologové, personální bibliografie, Československo 1918-1992, and dějiny věd o neslovanských oblastech
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- unknown
43967. Update on the role of spinal cord TRPV1 receptors in pain modulation
- Creator:
- Spicarova, D., Nerandzic, V., and Jiří Paleček
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, mícha, spinal cord, hyperalgesia, capsaicin, TRPV1, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The structure, expression and function of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor were intensively studied since the cloning in 1997 and TRPV1 receptors are now considered to act as transducers and molecular integrators of nociceptive stimuli in the periphery. In contrast, spinal TRPV1 receptors were studied less extensively and their role in pain modulation is still not fully understood. This short review is a follow up on our previous summary in this area ( Spicarova and Palecek 2008). The aim was to review preferentially the most recent findings concerning the role of the spinal TRPV1 receptors, published within the last five years. The update is given on the expression and function of the spinal TRPV1 receptors, their activation by endogenous agonists, interaction between the endocannabinoid and endovanillod system and possible role of the spinal TRPV1 receptors in pathological pain states. There is now mounting evidence that TRPV1 receptors may be an important element in modulation of nociceptive information at the spinal cord level and represent an interesting target for analgesic therapy., D. Spicarova, V. Nerandzic, J. Palecek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
43968. Updating Bayesian networks using crowds
- Creator:
- Sarma, H., Samaddar, A.B., Porzel, R., Smeddinck, J.D., and Malaka, R.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- CPT, Bayesian network, crowdsourcing, human computation, exercise instructions, collective intelligence, and automatic update
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Physical exercise instruction sheets are difficult to understand. In general, considerable information is hidden in these types of instruction sheets, which also makes them difficult for machines to understand. Major missing information types include the source and destination location of a human movement. Here we present a Bayesian network to extract the implicit or missing information from typical exercise instruction sheets. We proposed two different kind of Bayesian networks which consists of three and four variables respectively. The network with three variable are designed to for single exercise instruction with single action or pose and the other one designed for single or multiple sentence with two actions or poses. The conditional probability table (CPT) is the backbone of the Bayesian network. At the start, the CPT is updated from our physical exercise instruction sheet corpus (PEISC). Keeping the Action and Bodypart fixed, we have developed our CPT using a unique approach, i.e., crowdsourcing, where we have developed a CPT update system using 13 different exercises consisting of 44 different exercise videos. Using this system based on the rating of a participant of the video the specific variable of that CPT is updated automatically in the Bayesian network. We also updated the Action variable, which consists of 14 different values (action verbs) using crowdsourcing with a human computation approach.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
43969. Uphill running excessive training increases gastrocnemius glycogen content in C57BL/6 mice
- Creator:
- Morais, G. P, Da Silva, A. S. R, De Freitas, E. C, Ferreira, G. N, Da Rocha, A, De Vicente, L. G, Oliveira, L. Da C, and Pinto, A. P
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Akt, AMPKα, Glycogen, Nonfunctional overreaching, PGC-1α, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The main aim of the present investigation was to verify the effects of three overtraining (OT) protocols performed in downhill (OTR/down), uphill (OTR/up) and without inclination (OTR) on the protein levels of Akt (Ser473), AMPKα (Thr172), PGC-1α, plasma membrane GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 as well as on the glycogen contents in mice gastrocnemius. A trained (TR) protocol was used as positive control. Rodents were divided into naïve (N, sedentary mice), control (CT, sedentary mice submitted to the performance evaluations), TR, OTR/down, OTR/up and OTR groups. At the end of the experimental protocols, gastrocnemius samples were removed and used for immunoblotting analysis as well as for glycogen measurements. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups for the protein levels of pAkt (Ser473), pAMPKα (Thr172), PGC-1α, plasma membrane GLUT-1 and GLUT-4. However, the OTR/up protocol exhibited higher contents of glycogen compared to the CT and TR groups. In summary, the OTR/up group increased the gastrocnemius glycogen content without significant changes of pAkt (Ser473), pAMPKα (Thr172), PGC-1α, plasma membrane GLUT-1 and GLUT-4., G. P. Morais, A. Da Rocha, A. P. Pinto, L. Da C. Oliveira, L. G. De Vicente, G. N. Ferreira, E. C. De Freitas, A. S. R. Da Silva., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
43970. Uplatnění kmenových buněk v ortopedii
- Creator:
- Žák, Pavel
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, mezenchymální stromální buňky, transplantace mezenchymálních kmenových buněk, transplantace autologní, osteoartróza--terapie, and chrupavka kloubní
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Regenerace kloubní chrupavky je v ortopedii velkým problémem. Regenerační proces v chrupavčité tkáni je výrazně podpořen chondrocyty a zřejmě i mezenchymálními kmenovými buňkami (MSC), a proto byla a je v posledních letech této problematice věnována velká pozornost. V České republice dochází k nárůstu výkonů, při nichž jsou pro terapii osteoartritidy používány MSC získané z tukové tkáně (a-MSC). V této indikaci považuje Česká ortopedická společnost tento postup za „non lege artis“. Přinášíme přehled dosud provedených klinických studií, jejichž úroveň neumožňuje podpořit rutinní léčbu osteoartritidy pomocí a-MSC., Regeneration of articular cartilage remains a major challenge in orthopaedics. Cell-based therapies (with chondrocyte and MSCs – mesenchymal stem cells) to augment cartilage repair have received considerable interest during recent years. Adipose MSCs have been used in the Czech Republic for osteoarthritis therapy, despite not being recommended by the Czech Orthopaedic Association. This lecture reviews the studies and their level of evidence for orthopaedic routine therapy of osteoarthritis., and Pavel Žák
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public