Akútna inverzia maternice je závažná pôrodnícka komplikácia, pri ktorej je perakútne ohrozený život rodičky. Pri inverzii maternice dochádza k rôznemu stupňu poklesu tela maternice. Príčinou inverzie je takmer vždy nesprávny postup vedenia III. doby pôrodnej. Okamžitou diagnostikou a neodkladnou adekvátnou liečbou sa minimalizuje materská morbidita a mortalita. Prezentujeme praktický postup riešenia tejto komplikácie, ktorý sme zostavili na základe skúseností s tromi prípadmi kompletnej inverzie maternice a literárnych údajov., Acute uterine inversion is severe obstetric and life threatening complication. As immediate consequences of uterine inversion are different degrees of uterine prolaps. The pathogenesis of uterine inversion is usually associated with an incorrect management of the third stage of labour. Immediate diagnosis and prompt action minimize maternal morbidity and mortality. We report three cases of the uterine inversion with a guideline supported with a literature review., Erik Dosedla, Dušan Frič, Ján Richnavský, Štefan Lukačín, and Lit.: 19
Tak, ako orgánovovaskulárne artériové ischemické choroby (srdcovocievne, cievnocievne, nervovocievne, končatinovocievne, obličkovocievne, pohlavnocievne, pľúcnocievne, črevnocievne, kostnokĺbovosvalovocievne, kožnocievne, očnocievne, ušnocievne, zubnocievne a ďalšie orgánovocievne artériové choroby), aj aortové choroby prispievajú k širokému spektru artériových chorôb: aneuryzmy aorty (AA), akútne aortové syndrómy (AAS), vrátane aortovej disekcie (AD), intramurálneho hematómu (IMH), penetrujúcej aterosklerotickej ulcerácie (PAU), ďalej traumatické poškodenie aorty (TAI), pseudoaneuryzma, ruptúra aorty, ateroskleróza, vaskulitídy, ako aj genetické choroby (napr. Turnerov syndróm, Marfanov syndróm, Ehlersov-Danlosov syndróm) a kongenitálne abnormality, vrátane koarktácie aorty (CoA). Podobne ako iné artériové choroby, aj aortové choroby môžu byť diagnostikované po dlhom časovom období subklinického vývinu alebo sa manifestujú akútne. Akútny aortový syndróm (AAS) je často prvým znakom choroby, ktorá vyžaduje rýchlu diagnózu, rýchle rozhodnutie a rýchlu akciu k zníženiu extrémne nepriaznivej prognózy. V dokumente sa analyzujú kľúčové klinicko-etiologicko-anatomicko-patofyziologické (CEAP) diagnostické aspekty aortových chorôb (projekt CIEVY)., In addition to organovascular arterial ischemic diseases (cardiovascular, vasculovascular, neurovascular, extremitovascular, renovascular, genitovascular, bronchopulmovascular, mesenteriovascular, osteoarthromusculovascular, dermovascular, oculovascular, otovascular, stomatovascular etc.), aortic diseases contribute to the wide spectrum of arterial diseases: aortic aneurysms (AA), acute aortic syndromes (AAS) including aortic dissection (AD), intramural haematoma (IMH), penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer (PAU) and traumatic aortic injury (TAI), pseudoaneurysm, aortic rupture, atherosclerosis, vasculitis as well as genetic diseases (e.g. Turner syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) and congenital abnormalities including the coarctation of the aorta (CoA). Similarly to other arterial diseases, aortic diseases may be diagnosed after a long period of subclinical development or they may have an acute presentation. Acute aortic syndrome is often the first sign of the disease, which needs rapid diagnosis and decisionmaking to reduce the extremely poor prognosis. Key clinical-etiology-anatomy-patophysiology (CEAP) diagnostic aspects of aortic diseases are discussed in this document (project Vessels)., and Peter Gavorník, Andrej Dukát, Ľudovít Gašpar
The identification of the moment when direct flow ends and baseflow begins is one of the biggest challenges of hydrological cycle modeling. The objectives of this research were: to characterize the recession curves (RC) and to separate the components of the hydrograph in a compact model. The RC were extracted from time series in three subwatersheds in Mexico. An expo-linear model was adapted and fitted to the master recession curves to find the transition point of the hydrograph and separate the baseflow. The model discriminated the RC in two decreasing ratios: one linear associated to the direct flow, and one exponential linked to the baseflow. The transition point between these two flows was obtained analytically by equaling both ratios. The derivation of a model parameter allowed to find the maximum points in the hydrometric time series, which were the criterion to separate the baseflow. The application of this model is recommended in the analysis of RC with different magnitudes from the flexibility and attachment to the fundaments of exhaustion of a reservoir.
During hydrological research in a Chilean swamp forest, we noted a pattern of higher streamflows close to midday and lower ones close to midnight, the opposite of an evapotranspiration (Et)-driven cycle. We analyzed this diurnal streamflow signal (DSS), which appeared mid-spring (in the growing season). The end of this DSS coincided with a sustained rain event in autumn, which deeply affected stream and meteorological variables. A survey along the stream revealed that the DSS maximum and minimum values appeared 6 and 4 hours earlier, respectively, at headwaters located in the mountain forests/ plantations than at the control point in the swamp forest. Et in the swamp forest was higher in the morning and in the late afternoon, but this process could not influence the groundwater stage. Trees in the mountain headwaters reached their maximum Ets in the early morning and/or close to midday. Our results suggest that the DSS is a wave that moves from forests high in the mountains towards lowland areas, where Et is decoupled from the DSS. This signal delay seems to convert the link between streamflow and Et in an apparent, but spurious positive relationship. It also highlights the role of landscape heterogeneity in shaping hydrological processes.
Analýza obalu dát predstavuje užitočný model kvantitatívnej ekonomickej analýzy pre hodnotenie efektívnosti produkčných jednotiek vo verejnom sektore, pre získanie ich usporiadania a odhalenia zdrojov neefektívnosti. Možnosti analýzy obalu dát na úrovni jednotlivej LDN sme ilustrovali na príklade jednej z liečební. Výsledky, ktoré sme získali týmito analýzami, by sme mali brať ako prvotnú informáciu o efektívnosti či neefektívnosti jednotlivých zariadení. Pre prax zaujímavejšie výsledky by bolo možné získať pri hodnotení na úrovni oddelení a pri dostupnosti informácií o prípadovom mixe liečených pacientov. Ďalšou zaujímavou analýzou by mohla byť analýza vývoja efektívnosti v čase. Limitovaná dostupnosť údajov o poskytovaných službách zatiaľ neumožňuje uskutočniť porovnanie efektívnosti a kvality poskytovateľov v českom zdravotníctve., This paper deals with a non-parametric method for efficiency evaluation - data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA evaluates efficiency of production units with the help of mathematical programming by specifying the production frontier as the most pessimistic piecewise linear envelopment of the data. In case that a hospital is inefficient the method determines the sources of inefficiency and defines corresponding target values. In this study, we analyze the sample of Czech long-term hospitals in 2005., Ivana Novosádová, Martin Dlouhý, and Lit.: 4
The short-term predictions of annual and seasonal discharge derived by a modified TIPS (Tendency, Intermittency, Periodicity and Stochasticity) methodology are presented in this paper. The TIPS method (Yevjevich, 1984) is modified in such a way that annual time scale is used instead of daily. The reason of extracting a seasonal component from discharge time series represents an attempt to identify the long-term stochastic behaviour. The methodology is applied for modelling annual discharges at six gauging stations in the middle Danube River basin using the observed data in the common period from 1931 to 2012. The model performance measures suggest that the modelled time series are matched reasonably well. The model is then used for the short-time predictions for three annual step ahead (2013–2015). The annual discharge predictions of larger river basins for moderate hydrological conditions show reasonable matching with records expressed as the relative error from –8% to +3%. Irrespective of this, wet and dry periods for the aforementioned river basins show significant departures from annual observations. Also, the smaller river basins display greater deviations up to 26% of the observed annual discharges, whereas the accuracy of annual predictions do not strictly depend on the prevailing hydrological conditions.