Search

Start Over Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Subject 2

492. Fast slide preparation for thrips (Thysanoptera) routine identifications

Creator:
Silveira, Luís C. P. and Haro, Marcelo M.
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, entomologie, entomology, Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Phlaeothripidae, pest, IPM, Hoyer's solution, slide mount, identification, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Thrips are important agricultural pests and accurate identification is important for their effective management. In order to determine species, however, they need to be mounted on slides and the traditional process is time-consuming. The aim of this paper is to describe a simple and fast method to prepare temporary slides for the routine identification of thrips, which is not dependent on their colour and hardness. Four species of thrips of different colours were used in the preparations: Frankliniella occidentalis (yellow with brown tergal markings), Frankliniella schultzei (entirely brown), Haplothrips gowdeyii (dark brown to carmine) and Caliothrips phaseoli (brown to black). Slides of each species were prepared using three different methods: traditional (3 days), simplified (6 h) and fast method (10 min). The thrips on the resulting slides were observed under a microscope and important structures used in their identification were compared. The quality of the slides prepared using the traditional method was superior to those prepared using the other two methods if only the transparency and general position of the insects on the slides were considered. The transparency of the slides prepared using the simplified method was also good, but only for the pale coloured species (yellow and grey-brown). The fast method, on the other hand, was very efficient for routine identification since it resulted in slides of sufficient quality for identifying species regardless of their colour. It is important, however, to stress that the fast method is only suitable for preparing temporary slides for routine identification and is not a substitute for the traditional method of preparing permanent slides., Luís C.P. Silveira, Marcelo M. Haro., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

494. Faunistika pro 21. století I. Historie terénního výzkumu - od sběratelství ke komplexnímu hodnocení

Creator:
Vojen Ložek and Lucie Juřičková
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, zoologie, ekologie, paleontologie, měkkýši, zoology, ecology, paleontology, molluscs, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Faunistika není mrtvý obor zoologie. V prvním dílu diskutujeme záludnosti faunistiky a rozdíly mezi faunistikou a sběratelstvím. Měkkýši byli vybráni jako modelová skupina organismů, na nichž ukazujeme historii vývoje oboru v Českých zemích a vývoj měkkýší faunistiky., Faunistics is not a dead subject of zoology. The challenges of faunistics and the difference between faunistics and collecting are discussed. Molluscs were chosen as a model group to show the history of the subject in the Czech Republic and the development of mollusc faunistics., and Vojen Ložek, Lucie Juřičková.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

495. Faunistika pro 21. století. II. Přínos faunistiky k poznání naší přírody a krajiny a výhledy do budoucna

Creator:
Lucie Juřičková and Vojen Ložek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, měkkýši, životní prostředí, paleontologie, molluscs, environment, paleontology, Česko, Czechia, 2, and 59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Detailní výzkum recentní fauny umožňuje srovnání s výskytem jednotlivých druhů v období od glaciálu, přes oteplení na počátku holocénu, klimatické optimum holocénu i s nástupem zemědělství až po zhoršení podmínek v mladším holocénu. Fosilní záznamy mohou pomoci při vysvětlení absence konkrétních druhů na určitém místě v současnosti. Autoři článku také diskutují vliv ekologických fenoménů na lokální druhovou diverzitu - některé z nich druhovou bohatost zvyšují (říční, krasový a vrcholový fenomén), jiné ji snižují (hadcový a pískovcový fenomén). Faunistický výzkum musí probíhat ruku v ruce s taxonomickými studiemi. I v tak malakologicky prozkoumaných zemích, jako je Česká republika, jsou stále objevovány pro dané území nové druhy, včetně invazních – žádné území není prozkoumané jednou provždy. Článek zmiňuje některé důležité faunistické objevy na území České republiky, tak připomíná zásadní význam tohoto dnes podceňovaného oboru a nastiňuje také jeho výhled do budoucnosti., It is important to study the occurrence (presence vs. absence) of extant species; fossil records can help explaining the patterns. The role of ecological phenomena on local species diversity is discussed. The impact of ecological phenomena on local species diversity is discussed – some of them increase (river, karst and hilltop phenomena), while others decrease the species diversity (serpentine and sandstone phenomena). Faunistic research must go hand in hand with taxonomic research. Even in a well-explored country such as the Czech Republic, new species for this area are constantly being discovered including some invasive species, making faunistic research a never-ending story., and Lucie Juřičková, Vojen Ložek.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

496. Feasibility of using smart phones to estimate chlorophyll content in corn plants

Creator:
Vesali, F., Omid, M., Mobli, H., and Kaleita, A.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
obecná botanika, general botany, Android phone, color index, SPAD meter, spectral absorption photometry, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
New spectral absorption photometry methods are introduced to estimate chlorophyll (Chl) content of corn leaves by smart phones. The first method acquires light passing through a leaf by smartphone camera, compensating for differences in illumination conditions. In order to improve performance of the method, spectral absorption photometry (SAP) with background illumination has been considered as well. Data were acquired by smartphone camera in Iowa State University maize fields. Various indices were extracted and their correlation with Chl content were examined by Minolta SPAD-502. Hue index in SAP reached R2 value of 0.59. However, with light-aided SAP (LASAP), R2 of 0.97 was obtained. Among traits, the vegetation index gave the most accurate indication. We can conclude that the high performance of LASAP method for estimating Chl content, leads to new opportunities offered by smart phones at much lower cost. This is a highly accurate alternative to SPAD meters for estimating Chl content nondestructively., F. Vesali, M. Omid, H. Mobli, A. Kaleita., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

497. Feeding of two species of Scydmaeninae "hole scrapers", Cephennium majus and C. ruthenum (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), on oribatid mites

Creator:
Jałoszyński, Paweł and Olszanowski, Ziemowit
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, brouci, drabčíkovití, pancířníci, čmelíkovci, beetles, Staphylinidae, Oribatida, Mesostigmata, Coleoptera, Scydmaeninae, Cephenniini, Cephennium, Palaearctic, prey preferences, feeding behaviour, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Paweł Jałoszyński, Ziemowit Olszanowski.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

498. Females of the parasitoid wasp, Dendrocerus carpenteri (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae), adjust offspring sex allocation when competing for hosts

Creator:
Mackauer, Manfred and Chow, Andrew
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, konkurence, poměr pohlaví, competition, sex ratio, Megaspilidae, Dendrocerus carpenteri, hyperparasitoid, larval mortality, intensity of parasitism, offspring sex allocation, superparasitism, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Parasitoid females may adjust offspring sex allocation according to the number and quality of hosts available. Because in solitary species only one offspring survives per host, already parasitized hosts are of low quality and generally rejected. Superparasitism (i.e., sequential oviposition by the same or different females) results in aggressive interactions and competition for nutritional resources among larvae. We examined variations in the offspring sex ratio of Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis) (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae), a solitary ectoparasitoid developing as a hyperparasitoid on the prepupae and pupae of primary aphid parasitoids inside mummified aphids. Mated females produced a female-biased sex ratio of 0.433 (proportion of sons) when caged singly and provided with 12 mummies for 2 h; they parasitized an average of four mummies/h and rarely superparasitized. Superparasitism increased when two females were caged together and provided with 12 mummies, from 1.18 to 1.24 and 1.38 eggs/host parasitized in 1, 2 and 3 h, respectively. The offspring sex ratio became increasingly more female-biased with increase in superparasitism; however, sex ratio variations were not correlated with cohort size. One mated and one unmated female provided with 12 mummies and caged together for 1 h produced a mean cohort sex ratio of 0.645, which differed from the one predicted (0.717) by an algebraic model incorporating the assumptions that both females contribute equal numbers of offspring and that the mated female does not change her offspring-sex allocation strategy. The observed shift in the cohort sex ratio to an increased female-bias indicates that mated females of D. carpenteri change their behaviour when encountering parasitized mummies or a conspecific competitor in the same patch. By depositing fertilized rather than unfertilized eggs, a female can increase the proportion of her daughters among parasitoids competing for a diminishing host supply., Manfred Mackauer, Andrew Chow., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

499. Fenomén efemérních polních mokřadů na orné půdě

Creator:
Němec, Radomír, Vlasta Škorpíková, and Václav Křivan
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Botanika, mokřady, orná půda, 2, and 58
Language:
Czech
Description:
Wetlands on arable land host ephemeral vegetation and their existence relies on soil water saturation and periodic mechanical disturbations. In this habitat, we found several rare species listed in the Black and Red List of Vascular Plants of the Czech Re - public. Evidently, wetlands on arable land deserve protection and further research is needed for their closer inspection. and Radomír Němec, Vlasta Škorpíková, Václav Křivan.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

500. Ferredoxin: the central hub connecting photosystem I to cellular metabolism

Creator:
Mondal, J. and Bruce, B. D.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
přenos elektronů, electron transfer, cellular metabolism, ferredoxin, global interaction, oxidation-reduction, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Ferredoxin (Fd) is a small soluble iron-sulfur protein essential in almost all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. It contains a single [2Fe-2S] cluster coordinated by four cysteine ligands. It accepts electrons from the stromal surface of PSI and facilitates transfer to a myriad of acceptors involved in diverse metabolic processes, including generation of NADPH via Fd-NADP-reductase, cyclic electron transport for ATP synthesis, nitrate reduction, nitrite reductase, sulfite reduction, hydrogenase and other reductive reactions. Fd serves as the central hub for these diverse cellular reactions and is integral to complex cellular metabolic networks. We describe advances on the central role of Fd and its evolutionary role from cyanobacteria to algae/plants. We compare structural diversity of Fd partners to understand this orchestrating role and shed light on how Fd dynamically partitions between competing partner proteins to enable the optimum transfer of PSI-derived electrons to support cell growth and metabolism., J. Mondal, B. D. Bruce., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

Limit your search

Show values starting with
more »

Show values starting with
more »

Show values starting with
more »

Show values starting with
more »

Show values starting with
more »

Show values starting with
more »

View distribution

Current results range from 1925 to 2022

View larger »